Top Research Papers on Universal Human Values

The Tanner Lectures on Human Values The trustees Preface to Volume VII 1. The standard of living Amartya Sen 2. Moderation, rationality and virtue Michael Slote 3. Authority and inequality under capitalism and socialism Marrington Moore, Jr. 4. The paradoxes of political liberty Quentin Skinner 5. The uses of diversity Clifford Geetz The Tanner Lecturers Index to Volume VII.

In this article in the series on artificial intelligence in medicine, the authors explore how human values influence the outputs of large language models and other artificial intelligence models.

With the ETHICS dataset, it is found that current language models have a promising but incomplete understanding of basic ethical knowledge, and it provides a steppingstone toward AI that is aligned with human values.

A simple and robust scaling law is revealed that captures the temporal and spatial spectrum of population movement on the basis of large-scale mobility data from diverse cities around the globe and gives rise to prominent spatial clusters with an area distribution that follows Zipf's law.

The results indicate a well-conserved dermal community that is functionally distinct from the epidermal community, challenging the current dogma and future studies in cutaneous disorders and chronic infections may benefit by focusing on the dermal microbiota as a persistent microbial community.

This meticulously researched recounting of the last decade of research into AI safety provides a broad perspective of the field and its future and explores the alignment problem in the context of reinforcement learning.

Human feelings measured in integers ( my happiness is an 8 out of 10 , my pain 2 out of 6 ) have no objective scientific basis. They are “made-up” numbers on a scale that does not exist. Yet such data are extensively collected—despite criticism from, especially, economists—by governments and international organizations. We examine this paradox. We draw upon longitudinal information on the feelings and decisions of tens of thousands of randomly sampled citizens followed through time over four decades in three countries ( n = 700,000 approximately). First, we show that a single feelings integer ...

This Review summarizes recent advances in the molecular, cellular, and clinical characterization of human inborn errors of immunity and challenges a number of immunological notions initially established in inbred mice.

The term “Metaverse” first used in Neal Stephenson's sci-fi book Snow Crash in 1992, refers to a fusion of virtual and real existence. Nearly 30 years later, that definition is taking shape and promises to alter how people live and operate. This next evolution of Internet also known as Web3.0 will combine digital and physical elements. Multiple definitions can be found in the literature, with the most prevalent being the “new internet”, among others such as “democratized virtual society”, “persistent virtual spaces”, “a digital twin of our own world for personalized value creation”. Consequent...

The differences in nutritional value of milk could be perceived as a milk profile marker, helping to choose the best food for human nutrition.

Human values are identified as particularly important in driving both behavioural compliance to government guidelines and promoting prosocial behaviours to alleviate the strains arising from a prolonged pandemic.

It is demonstrated that ChP enlargement—reconstructed from MRI—is highly associated with acute disease activity, both in the studied mouse models and in humans, and could serve as a promising interspecies marker for translational and reverse-translational approaches.

Abstract There is a growing research interest in a variety of emotions in foreign and second language (L2) classrooms, especially since the introduction of positive psychology. However, research on the ubiquitous emotional experience of boredom is scant. Building on its prevalence and documented deleterious effects, I argue that research on the antecedents for the instigation of boredom is needed. Based on the control–value theory (CVT) of achievement emotions in educational psychology, this study took a mixed methods approach to examine control–value appraisals as antecedents of boredom in En...

Over one million CCS values of tryptic peptides are measured and a deep learning model for peptide CCS prediction is developed, forming a basis for advanced proteomics workflows that make full use of the additional information.

The strategy for deriving HBM-GVs is based on already existing approaches from the German HBM Commission, the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety as well as from the US-based scientific consultant Summit Toxicology, the allocation of a level of confidence to the derived values, and the consultation process within the project are comprehensively described to enlighten the work accomplished under the HBM4EU initiative.

The focus of this work was to present U.S. based reference and background exposure values for heavy metals and chromium, although the tool can use inputs that may be more appropriate for other countries, cultures, and situations.

The link to this resource on the website of the Parliament of Ghana is broken (or blocks IP addresses that are not in Ghana). In the interest of freedom of information and academic rigour, I am uploading it to provide a DOI for this resource.

Abstract In its original version, control-value theory describes and explains achievement emotions. More recently, the theory has been expanded to also explain epistemic, social, and existential emotions. In this article, I outline the development of the theory, from preliminary work in the 1980s to early versions of the theory and the recent generalized control-value theory. I provide summaries of the theory’s evidence-based propositions on antecedents, outcomes, and regulation of emotions, including the fundamentally important role of control and value appraisals across different types of hu...

This work applies the stacked modeling approach to produce a universal chromatin state annotation of the human genome using over 1000 datasets from more than 100 cell types, with the learned model denoted as the full-stack ChromHMM model.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly adopted within Human Resource management (HRM) due to its potential to create value for consumers, employees, and organisations. However, recent studies have found that organisations are yet to experience the anticipated benefits from AI adoption, despite investing time, effort, and resources. The existing studies in HRM have examined the applications of AI, anticipated benefits, and its impact on human workforce and organisations. The aim of this paper is to systematically review the multi-disciplinary literature stemming from International Busines...