Experiential approach to the determinants of online word-of-mouth behavior
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Abstract
Abstract This study identifies the factors which influence the adoption of online word-of-mouth communication that arises from customers' in-store shopping experiences. For this purpose, the study examines the role of social networks in facilitating adoption and dissemination of word-of-mouth arguments. The study has three objectives, which are fulfilled by two different studies: in Study 1, we examine the effects of customers' in-store shopping experiences based on the quantity and quality of online word-of-mouth communication derived from Schmitt's (1999) five strategic experiential modules (sense, feel, think, act, and relate). Study 1 also verifies whether the three attributes of social networks (strength, centrality, and range of ties) influence word-of-mouth communication. In Study 2, we investigate whether the presentation of word-of-mouth arguments and product categories influences the evaluation and adoption of word-of-mouth. The result indicates that some types of shopping experiences have specific influences on online word-of-mouth communication. This result illustrates the usefulness of developing word-of-mouth proliferation strategies for retail stores that cater to Schmitt's (1999) SEMs. The result also verifies that word-of-mouth arguments are more effective when they are presented with images and text simultaneously. Finally, the result suggests that online store managers should be able to differentiate product diffusion strategies based on the product characteristics and product's involvement level. 现有研究认为顾客体验反映了人类活动如感知,认知,行动和关系的的多个维度,这些维度转化为对产品功能与特征的购买决策 (Schmitt, 1999; Yoon, 2006, 2008)。人类的体验也需要能够互相沟通的网络,但是现在缺少研究顾客购物体验的三个维度:体验,社会和沟通。 现有研究检验了在线口碑沟通的决定因素 (Cheung et al., 2008),大都集中在口碑信息和采纳。本研究鉴别信息展现和产品特征对在线口碑效果的影响。本研究有三个目的。首先,将在线口碑作为沟通媒介和顾客购物体验的行为结果,在 Schmitt's (1999) 的五个战略体验模式基础上检验店内购物体验的在线口碑行为。 其次,鉴别网络的三个属性 (强度,集中度和范围) 对在线口碑的影响。 最后,在展现效应和产品参与理论的基础上,本研究探索信息展现和产品类型影响口碑采纳。即在文本和图片展示对比,低参与和高参与对比。 为实现上述目标,我们设计了两个研究。研究1采用问卷调查,研究 2 采用实验。研究1中我们调查了249个韩国大学的学生。为检验展现和产品类型对口碑采纳的影响,我们进行试验,我们给被试分别展示了文本和图片,练习机和数码相机,进行 2 × 2 的实验。我们对 280 个大学生进行试验,随机将他们分配到各组。 我们指导被试在刺激前后完成问卷。我们从购物中心网站获得图片。对文本组,我们使用发布在网站上的评论信息,我们展示相同数量的正面和负面信息。除此之外,为了操作产品的复杂性和功能性,我们为健身器分配了两组正面和负面的讨论,为数码相机分配了三组。 结果显示,某些购物体验的维度更显著的影响在线口碑沟通。具体的,行动因素最能影响在线口碑。根据 Schmitt's (1999) ,社会体验加行动体验促进了口碑扩散,因为口碑沟通具有社会参与性。另—个结果显示,网络集中度最能影响在线口碑,在某些情况下,当购物者与其他购物者联系良好并且充当意见领袖角色时,最能说服其他人。最后,实验的结果显示,信息展示在三个属性上具有显著影响:质量,可信性和可推荐性。这提示我们在线口碑的效果在同时提供文字和图片信息时更有效果。同时功能更多,参与度更高的数码相机比健身器在口碑获得的反应更好。这与某些理论认为的高参与度的消费者容易被产品信息激励相符合 (Petty & Caccioppo, 1986)。因此,潜在的购买者对高参与度的产品更容易形成积极的态度。 本研究的理论贡献是检验了社会网络的不同属性和顾客店内购物体验对在线口碑行为和采纳的影响。研究结果启示了为什么个体对在线口碑的接受会因产品和展示的不同存在差异。 Keywords: consumer experienceonline word-of-mouthmessage presentationnetwork propertyproduct typeKeywords: 消费者体验网络属性网络口碑信息表达产品类型 Acknowledgements The author is grateful to Professor Jason Chen for his editorial proofreading service. This work was supported by Kyonggi University's Research Assistant Fellowship 2012.
