Effects of footshock stress and morphine on natural killer lymphocytes in rats: studies of tolerance and cross-tolerance
Brain ResearchPublished 1 May 1986
Yehuda Shavit, Gregory W. Terman, James W. Lewis, Cynthia J. Zane, Robert Peter Gale, John C. Liebeskind
Citations95
SJR quartileQ2
SJR score0.85
SNIP0.72
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
TL;DR
It is reported that the morphine-induced suppression of NK activity shows tolerance after 14 daily injections, and the NK-suppressive effect of stress, however, shows neither tolerance with repetition nor cross-tolerance in morphine-tolerant rats.
Abstract
Exposure to a form of footshock stress known to cause opioid-mediated analgesia suppresses the cytotoxic activity of natural killer (NK) cells in rats. This suppression is blocked by the opioid antagonist, naltrexone and is mimicked by morphine administration, suggesting mediation by opioid receptors. Supporting this hypothesis, we now report that the morphine-induced suppression of NK activity shows tolerance after 14 daily injections. The NK-suppressive effect of stress, however, shows neither tolerance with repetition nor cross-tolerance in morphine-tolerant rats.
Keywords
MedicineNeuroscience
ScienceNatural Killer Cells: Their Roles in Defenses Against Disease
1,338 Citations1981Ronald B. Herberman, John R. Ortaldo
There is increasing evidence that natural killer cells, with the ability to mediate natural resistance against tumors in vivo, certain virus and other microbial diseases, and bone marrow transplants, may play an important role in immune surveillance.
ScienceOpioid and Nonopioid Mechanisms of Stress Analgesia
749 Citations1980James W. Lewis, J. Timothy Cannon +1 more
Depending only on its temporal characteristics, foot-shock stress appears to activate opioid or nonopioid analgesia mechanisms, certain forms of stress may act as natural inputs to an endogenous opiate analgesia system.
ScienceOpioid Peptides Mediate the Suppressive Effect of Stress on Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxicity
607 Citations1984Yehuda Shavit, James W. Lewis +3 more
The cytotoxic activity of natural killer cells was investigated in rats subjected to one of two inescapable footshock stress paradigms, both of which induce analgesia, but only one via activation of opioid mechanisms.
ScienceIntrinsic Mechanisms of Pain Inhibition: Activation by Stress
529 Citations1984Gregory W. Terman, Yehuda Shavit +3 more
This dissection of stress analgesia has begun to integrate divergent findings concerning pain inhibition and also to account for some of the variance that has obscured the reliable measurement of the effects of stress on tumor growth and immune function.
The Journal of ImmunologyEnhancement of natural cytotoxicity by beta-endorphin.
462 Citations1983Paul M. Mathews, Christopher J. Froelich +2 more
The present studies provide new insight into the mechanisms by which neuropeptides produced by the nervous system can alter immune responsiveness and the modulation of human spontaneous cytotoxicity induced by natural killer cells.
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesInvolvement of brain opiate receptors in the immune-suppressive effect of morphine.
222 Citations1986Yehuda Shavit, Antoine Depaulis +6 more
Supporting this hypothesis, morphine (20 or 40 micrograms) injected into the lateral ventricle suppressed natural killer cell activity to the same degree as a systemic dose higher by three orders of magnitude, and this effect was blocked by an opiate antagonist, naltrexone.
Life SciencesEndorphins stimulate normal human peripheral blood lymphocyte natural killer activity
190 Citations1984Neil E. Kay, John I. Allen +1 more
It is observed that naloxone reversed human fibroblast interferon mediated enhancement of human blood lymphocyte natural killer function, suggesting that circulating endogenous opioid peptides may have a physiologic role in regulating human bloodymphocyte natural killing.
Clinical Immunology and ImmunopathologyNeuroimmunomodulation with enkephalins: Enhancement of human natural killer (NK) cell activity in vitro
136 Citations1984Robert E. Faith, Huey J. Liang +2 more
To further define the effects of enkephalins on immune function, the effect of methionine-enkephalin and leucine-eniophalin on natural killer cell activity in isolated human peripheral blood lymphocytes was investigated.
The Journal of ImmunologySuppression of Natural Cytotoxicity by Spleen Cells of Hydrocortisone-Treated Mice
133 Citations1979Paula S. Hochman, Gustavo Cudkowicz
It appears that Hc activated presuppressor spleen cells to become suppressors within 48 hr, and the paradox of suppressor cell removal by carbonyl iron but not by other adherence techniques does not allow characterization of such cells as to macrophage or lymphoid (pre-T or non-T) origin.
PeptidesApparent involvement of opioid peptides in stress-induced enhancement of tumor growth
127 Citations1983James W. Lewis, Yehuda Shavit +4 more
Rats subjected to inescapable footshock manifested an enhanced tumor growth indicated by a decreased survival time and decreased percent survival, and this tumor enhancing effect of stress was prevented by the opiate antagonist, naltrexone, suggesting a role for endogenous opioid peptides in this process.
ScienceInduction of the Intermediate Pituitary by Stress: Synthesis and Release of a Nonopioid Form of β-Endorphin
104 Citations1985Huda Akil, Hirohito Shiomi +1 more
It was found that repeated stress induces increased biosynthesis and release of beta-endorphin-like substances from the intermediate lobe of rats and that opioid-inactive N-acetylated beta- endorphin-(1-31) is selectively made and liberated.
Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental ResearchPituitary‐Adrenal Responses to Morphine and Footshock Stress Are Enhanced following Prenatal Alcohol Exposure
103 Citations1986Linda R. Nelson, Anna N. Taylor +4 more
It is confirmed that E rats are differentially hyperresponsive only to intermittent footshock stress, not to continuous footshock, as it was found to be the case when the analgesia induced by these two stressors was the dependent measure.
Learning and MotivationThe effects of conditioning and novelty on the rat's analgesic and pyretic responses to morphine
94 Citations1979Jack E. Sherman
It is suggested that the pyretic and analgesic systems are differentially sensitive to conditioning and the effects of novelty.
PubMedStress and morphine affect survival of rats challenged with a mammary ascites tumor (MAT 13762B).
91 Citations1984Lewis Jw, Yehuda Shavit +3 more
Supporting this hypothesis, it is reported that a high dose of an opiate agonist, morphine, also reduces survival of rats given the same tumor and shows tolerance after 14 daily injections.
Scandinavian Journal of ImmunologyStress Causes Reduced Natural Killer Activity in Mice
62 Citations1983Hans Jørgen Aarstad, Gustav Gaudernack +1 more
Both the total number of nucleated spleen cells and their cytotoxic activity against an NK‐sensitive target were reduced and the NK activity was reduced throughout an 8‐day stress period.
Life SciencesThe effect of β-endorphin on natural cytotoxicity and antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity
54 Citations1984Christopher J. Froelich, Arthur D. Bankhurst
It is demonstrated that the neuropeptide, β-[D-ALA 2 ]-endorphin augments natural cytot toxicity but does not effect antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity.
Pharmacology Biochemistry and BehaviorDifferentiation of opiate receptors in the brain by the selective development of tolerance
47 Citations1981Rüdiger Schulz, Michael Wüster +1 more
The data indicate that prolonged stimulation of specific opiate receptors in the brain by selective agonists may bring about the selective development of tolerance for particular receptors, and conflict with the notion that mu-receptors specifically mediate analgesia and delta-receptionors catatonia.
PubMedEffects of surgical stress on natural killer activity, proliferative response of spleen cells and cytostatic activity of lung macrophages in rats.
24 Citations1981T Toge, Toshihiro Hirai +2 more
It is likely that the extensive surgical stress of laparothoracotomy can depress the host's immunological reactivity and furthermore result in an enhancement of tumor growth.
NeuropharmacologyDifferential tolerance and cross-tolerance to repeated daily injections of MU and kappa opioid agonists in the rat
17 Citations1984Gerald A. Young
Following chronic treatment of Sprague-Dawley rats, the duration of the biphasic EEG and behavioral profiles induced by morphine and ethylketocyclazocine were both significantly reduced and the intensity of EEG bursting was reduced as reflected by significant quantitative reductions in EEG power spectral densities.
Brain Research BulletinHyperthermic response of the cat to intraventricular injection of the opioid delta-receptor agonist D-Ala2D-Leu5enkephalin
5 Citations1984Iok‐Hou Pang, Gary L. Bernardini +1 more
In tests over a range of environmental temperatures, the hyperthermic response to 10 micrograms D-Ala2-D-Leu5-enkephalin was less in a 4 degrees C environment than at the usual laboratory temperature of 22 degrees C, and responses in 22 and 34 degrees C environments were similar.