Physical activity decreases cardiovascular disease risk in women
American Journal of Preventive MedicinePublished 30 May 2004
Yuko Oguma, Tomoko Shinoda-Tagawa
Citations317
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score2.08
SNIP1.50
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
TL;DR
Physical activity was associated with reduced risk of CVD among women in a dose-response fashion and inactive women would benefit by even slightly increasing their PA and even more from additional PA.
Abstract
Physical activity was associated with reduced risk of CVD among women in a dose-response fashion. Inactive women would benefit by even slightly increasing their PA (e.g., walking 1 hour per week or possibly less) and even more from additional PA.
Keywords
PsychologyMedicine
BMJBias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test
56,268 Citations1997Matthias Egger, George Davey Smith +2 more
Funnel plots, plots of the trials' effect estimates against sample size, are skewed and asymmetrical in the presence of publication bias and other biases Funnel plot asymmetry, measured by regression analysis, predicts discordance of results when meta-analyses are compared with single large trials.
BiometricsOperating Characteristics of a Rank Correlation Test for Publication Bias
17,035 Citations1994Colin B. Begg, Madhuchhanda Mazumdar
An adjusted rank correlation test is proposed as a technique for identifying publication bias in a meta-analysis, and its operating characteristics are evaluated via simulations, and the test statistic is a direct statistical analogue of the popular "funnel-graph".
JAMARisks and Benefits of Estrogen Plus Progestin in Healthy Postmenopausal Women: Principal Results From the Women's Health Initiative Randomized Controlled Trial
15,680 Citations2002Jacques E. Rossouw
Overall health risks exceeded benefits from use of combined estrogen plus progestin for an average 5.2-year follow-up among healthy postmenopausal US women, and the results indicate that this regimen should not be initiated or continued for primary prevention of CHD.
JNCI Journal of the National Cancer InstituteStatistical Aspects of the Analysis of Data From Retrospective Studies of Disease
14,860 Citations1959Nathan Mantel, William Haenszel
JAMAPhysical activity and public health. A recommendation from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American College of Sports Medicine
7,038 Citations1995Russell R. Pate
PsycEXTRA DatasetPhysical Activity and Health: A Report of the Surgeon General
5,511 Citations1995
This report is the first report of the Surgeon General on physical activity and health, and strong evidence is shown to indicate that regular physical activity will provide clear and substantial health gains.
JAMAPhysical Activity and Public Health
4,341 Citations1995Russell R. Pate
A concise "public health message" was developed to express the recommendations of the expert panel and was formally endorsed by both the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American College of Sports Medicine.
The LancetBreast cancer and hormone-replacement therapy in the Million Women Study
2,971 Citations2003Valerie Beral
Current use of HRT is associated with an increased risk of incident and fatal breast cancer; the effect is substantially greater for oestrogen-progestagen combinations than for other types of H RT.
JAMAPhysical Fitness and All-Cause Mortality
2,570 Citations1989Steven N. Blair
Higher levels of physical fitness appear to delay all-cause mortality primarily due to lowered rates of cardiovascular disease and cancer, and lower mortality rates in higher fitness categories also were seen for cardiovascular Disease and cancer of combined sites.
New England Journal of MedicineEstrogen plus Progestin and the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease
2,048 Citations2003JoAnn E. Manson, Judith Hsia +13 more
Estrogen plus progestin does not confer cardiac protection and may increase the risk of CHD among generally healthy postmenopausal women, especially during the first year after the initiation of hormone use.
JAMAInfluences of Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Other Precursors on Cardiovascular Disease and All-Cause Mortality in Men and Women
1,805 Citations1996Steven N. Blair
The protective effect of fitness held for smokers and nonsmokers, those with and without elevated cholesterol levels or elevated blood pressure, and unhealthy and healthy persons.
New England Journal of MedicinePrimary Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease in Women through Diet and Lifestyle
1,792 Citations2000Meir J. Stampfer, Frank B. Hu +3 more
Among women, adherence to lifestyle guidelines involving diet, exercise, and abstinence from smoking is associated with a very low risk of coronary heart disease.
Annual Review of Public HealthPhysical Activity and the Incidence of Coronary Heart Disease
1,468 Citations1987K E Powell, Paul D. Thompson +2 more
These observations suggest that in CHD prevention programs, regular physical activity should be promoted as vigorously as blood pressure control, dietary modification to lower serum cholesterol, and smoking cessation.
American Journal of EpidemiologyA META-ANALYSIS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN THE PREVENTION OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE
1,402 Citations1990Jesse A. Berlin, Graham A. Colditz
The authors apply the techniques of meta-analysis to data extracted from the published literature by Powell et al. to make formal quantitative statements and to explore features of study design that influence the observed relation between physical activity and coronary heart disease risk.
New England Journal of MedicineWalking Compared with Vigorous Exercise for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in Women
1,326 Citations2002JoAnn E. Manson, Philip Greenland +8 more
It is indicated that both walking and vigorous exercise are associated with substantial reductions in the incidence of cardiovascular events among postmenopausal women, irrespective of race or ethnic group, age, and body-mass index.
The LancetBreast cancer and hormone-replacement therapy: the Million Women Study
1,269 Citations2003Valerie Beral, Emily Banks +2 more
Current use of HRT is associated with an increased risk of incident and fatal breast cancer; the effect is substantially greater for oestrogen-progestagen combinations than for other types of H RT.
Statistical Methods in Medical ResearchReview papers : The statistical basis of meta-analysis
1,243 Citations1993JL Fleiss
Two models for study-to-study variation in a meta-analysis are presented, critiqued and illustrated and the application of both models to three summary measures of the effect of an experimental intervention versus a control is illustrated.
New England Journal of MedicineA Prospective Study of Walking as Compared with Vigorous Exercise in the Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease in Women
1,012 Citations1999JoAnn E. Manson, Frank B. Hu +6 more
These prospective data indicate that brisk walking and vigorous exercise are associated with substantial and similar reductions in the incidence of coronary events among women.
JAMAPhysical activity and cardiovascular health. NIH Consensus Development Panel on Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Health
868 Citations1996
All Americans should engage in regular physical activity at a level appropriate to their capacity, needs, and interest, and children and adults alike should set a goal of accumulating at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity on most, and preferably, all days of the week.
StrokePhysical Activity and Stroke Risk
825 Citations2003Chong Do Lee, Aaron R. Folsom +1 more
Moderately and highly active individuals had lower risk of both ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes than low-active individuals and moderate and high levels of physical activity are associated with reduced risk of total, isChemic, and hemorrhatic strokes.
Medicine & Science in Sports & ExercisePhysical activity and all-cause mortality: what is the dose-response relation?
789 Citations2001I‐Min Lee, P.J. Skerrett
Archives of Internal MedicineSome Health Benefits of Physical Activity
752 Citations1979William B. Kannel
Overall mortality and mortality due to cardiovascular and ischemic heart disease were inversely related to the level of physical activity for men and little correlation was noted between physical activity level (at the generally low level found) and thelevel of major risk factors.
Medicine & Science in Sports & ExercisePhysical fitness and activity as separate heart disease risk factors: a meta-analysis
712 Citations2001Paul T. Williams
The analyses show that the risks of coronary heart disease or cardiovascular disease decrease linearly in association with increasing percentiles of physical activity, and there is a significant difference in the risk reduction associated with being more physically active or physically fit.
JAMAPhysical Activity and Coronary Heart Disease in Women
541 Citations2001I-Min Lee, Kathryn M. Rexrode +3 more
JAMAPhysical Activity and Risk of Stroke in Women
529 Citations2000Frank B. Hu
Physical activity, including moderate-intensity exercise such as walking, is associated with substantial reduction in risk of total and ischemic stroke in a dose-response manner, and data indicate that physical activity was not significantly associated with subarachnoid hemorrhage or intracerebral hemorrhage.
Statistics in MedicineApproaches to heterogeneity in meta‐analysis
469 Citations2001Diana B. Petitti
This paper reviews publications from January 1999 to March 2001 on reproductive health topics that were self-identified as meta-analysis or were indexed asMeta-analysis in MEDLINE and provided some positive models and some recommendations for assessing, reporting and exploring heterogeneity.
JNCI Journal of the National Cancer InstitutePublication Bias and Dissemination of Clinical Research
443 Citations1989Colin B. Begg, Jesse A. Berlin
Empiric studies have demonstrated that the induced bias is large and can have a serious impact on meta-analyses, in which data from several studies are aggregated, as well as on informal reviews.
Medicine & Science in Sports & ExercisePhysical activity and cardiovascular disease: evidence for a dose response
393 Citations2001Harold W. Kohl
The available evidence indicates that cardiovascular disease incidence and mortality, and specifically ischemic heart disease, are causally related to physical activity in an inverse, dose-response fashion.
StrokeLeisure-Time Physical Activity and Ischemic Stroke Risk
386 Citations1998Ralph L. Sacco, Robert Gan +6 more
Leisure-time physical activity was related to a decreased occurrence of ischemic stroke in the authors' elderly, multiethnic, urban subjects, and more emphasis on physical activity in stroke prevention campaigns is needed among the elderly.
American Journal of EpidemiologyFitness and Fatness as Predictors of Mortality from All Causes and from Cardiovascular Disease in Men and Women in the Lipid Research Clinics Study
371 Citations2002June Stevens
It is concluded that both fitness and fatness are risk factors for mortality, and that being fit does not completely reverse the increased risk associated with excess adiposity.
Sports MedicinePhysical Activity in the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease
352 Citations2001S. Goya Wannamethee, A G Shaper
The evidence points to the benefit of continued regular moderate physical activity which does not need to be strenuous or prolonged and includes daily leisure activities such as walking or gardening which are readily attainable by large sections of the population.
JAMAEffects of Physical Activity Counseling in Primary Care: The Activity Counseling Trial: A Randomized Controlled Trial
344 Citations2001Denise G. Simons-Morton
Two patient counseling interventions differing in type and number of contacts were equally effective in women in improving cardiorespiratory fitness over 2 years compared with recommended care.
PubMedDeaths: final data for 1999.
339 Citations2001Donna L. Hoyert, Elizabeth Arias +3 more
Life expectancy in 1999 was unchanged from 1998 despite a slight increase in the age-adjusted death rate from the record low achieved in 1998, and mortality continued long-term trends.
JAMAPhysical Activity and Mortality in Postmenopausal Women
327 Citations1997Lawrence H. Kushi
These results demonstrate a graded, inverse association between physical activity and all-cause mortality in postmenopausal women and strengthen the confidence that population recommendations to engage in regular physical activity are applicable to post menopausal women.
Annals of Internal MedicinePostmenopausal Hormone Replacement Therapy and the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease
321 Citations2002Linda L. Humphrey, Benjamin Chan +1 more
This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the value of HRT for the primary prevention of CVD, CAD, or both among postmenopausal women and whether bias might explain discordant results between recent trials and the observational literature.
BMJComparison of the prediction by 27 different factors of coronary heart disease and death in men and women of the Scottish heart health study: cohort study
316 Citations1997Hugh Tunstall‐Pedoe, Mark Woodward +3 more
An anomalous coronary protective role for type A behaviour in women; raised plasma fibrinogen as a strong predictor of all end points; and an unexpectedly powerful protective relation of dietary potassium to all cause mortality are found.
International Journal of EpidemiologyAssociation of leisure time physical activity with the risk of coronary heart disease, hypertension and diabetes in middle-aged men and women
311 Citations1997N. Haapanen, Seppo Miilunpalo +3 more
A preventive effect of leisure time physical activity on CHD, hypertension and diabetes is suggested and this effect may differ among middle-aged men and women and the relative importance of the total amount and the intensity may vary depending on the outcome measure.
Meta‒Analysis in Stata™
293 Citations2001Jonathan A C Sterne, Mike Bradburn +1 more
StrokePhysical Activity and Stroke Incidence
287 Citations1998I‐Min Lee, Ralph S. Paffenbarger
Physical activity is associated with decreased stroke risk in men, and Climbing stairs and activities of at least moderate intensity each showed U-shaped relations to stroke risk, with the risk being significantly lower at the nadir of the curve.
Journal of the American Geriatrics SocietyDoes Walking Decrease the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Hospitalizations and Death in Older Adults?
255 Citations1996Andrea Z. LaCroix, Suzanne G. Leveille +3 more
Whether walking is associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease hospitalization and death in community‐dwelling older men and women is determined.
American Journal of EpidemiologyPHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND RISK OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, CEREBRAL STROKE AND DEATH
252 Citations1982JukkaT. Salonen, Pekka Puska +1 more
Low physical activity at work was associated with an increased risk of AMI, cerebral stroke and death due to any disease in both men and women, even when controlling for age, serum total cholesterol, diastolic blood pressure, height, weight and smoking in a multiple logistic model.
American Journal of EpidemiologyHeterogeneity in Meta-analysis of Data from Epidemiologic Studies: A Commentary
244 Citations1995Graham A. Colditz, Elisabeth Burdick +1 more
Annual Review of Public HealthUnderstanding Research Synthesis (Meta-Analysis)
232 Citations1996Frederick Mosteller, Graham A. Colditz
The approaches to research synthesis that draw on the best available evidence and the use of quantitative summaries through meta-analysis are summarized and Random effects approaches to combining data are recommended, and theUse of regression approaches is emphasized.
StrokeIncidence of hypertension and stroke in relation to body fat distribution and other risk factors in older women.
229 Citations1990Aaron R. Folsom, Ronald J. Prineas +2 more
It is indicated that abdominal adiposity, as measured by an increased waist-to-hip ratio, increases the risks of hypertension and stroke, even after accounting for overall body mass.
Medicine & Science in Sports & ExercisePhysical activity and incidence of coronary heart disease in middle-aged women and men
228 Citations1997A. R. Folsom, Donna K. Arnett +4 more
Evidence that regular physical activity should protect women, as well as men, from CHD is reinforced, as one might expect if these risk factors mediated any protective effect of physical activity.
British Journal of Sports MedicinePhysical activity and all cause mortality in women: a review of the evidence
222 Citations2002Yuko Oguma, Howard D. Sesso +2 more
It was concluded that, by adhering to current guidelines for physical activity and expending about 4200 kJ of energy a week, women can postpone mortality.
American Journal of EpidemiologyPhysical Activity and Stroke Risk: The Framingham Study
212 Citations1994Dan K. Kiely, Philip A. Wolf +3 more
Results indicate that medium and high levels of physical activity among men are protective against stroke relative to low levels, while adjusted analyses showed no significant protective effect in women.
StrokeA 15.5-Year Follow-up Study of Stroke in a Japanese Provincial City
207 Citations1997Takeo Nakayama, Chigusa Date +4 more
American Journal of EpidemiologyPhysical Activity and Stroke Incidence in Women and Men: The NHANES I Epidemiologic Follow-up Study
205 Citations1996Richard F. Gillum, M E Mussolino +1 more
A consistent association of reported low physical activity with an increased risk of stroke was observed in white women, and regular physical activity may be of benefit in preventing stroke in women as well as men.
CirculationPrognostic Value of Treadmill Exercise Testing
195 Citations1998Véronique L. Roger, Steven J. Jacobsen +4 more
Exercise capacity was the TMET variable that exhibited the strongest association with all-cause mortality and cardiac events in this population-based cohort, and a protective effect of exercise capacity was observed in both sexes.
American Journal of EpidemiologyNatural History of Leisure-time Physical Activity and Its Correlates: Associations with Mortality from All Causes and Cardiovascular Disease Over 28 Years
187 Citations1996George A. Kaplan, William J. Strawbridge +2 more
The association between leisure-time physical activity and risk of death was not altered when information on variations over time in leisure- timePhysical activity and many determinants and consequences of physical activity were explicitly included in survival models.
American Journal of Public HealthPhysical activity and mortality: a prospective study among women
183 Citations2001Beverly Rockhill, Walter C. Willett +5 more
Part of the link between physical activity and mortality risk is probably spurious and difficult to remove analytically; however, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, much of the health benefit of activity is real.
American Journal of EpidemiologyLEISURE TIME AND OCCUPATIONAL PHYSICAL ACTIVITY: RISK OF DEATH FROM ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE
178 Citations1988Jukka T. Salonen, Jonathan S. Slater +2 more
The lack of leisure time physical activity and a sedentary occupation are associated with an increased risk of ischemic heart disease death, and the excess risk is, in part, accounted for by other ischeic heart disease risk factors.
EpidemiologyThe Impact of Excluding Non-Leisure Energy Expenditure on the Relation between Physical Activity and Mortality in Women
174 Citations1998Iris Weller, Paul Corey
Data support the hypothesis that physical activity is inversely associated with risk of death in women and illustrate the importance of including non-leisure energy expenditure in the assessment of total activity.
Journal of Clinical EpidemiologySelf-report of physical activity and patterns of mortality in seventh-day adventist men
159 Citations1991Kristian D. Lindsted, Serena Tonstad +1 more
While the protective effect on mortality associated with moderate activity decreased with increasing age, it remained significant to the verge of the present life span.
American Journal of EpidemiologyWALKING, CYCLING, OR GARDENING, WITH OR WITHOUT SEASONAL INTERRUPTION, IN RELATION TO ACUTE CORONARY EVENTS
158 Citations1979K Magnus, A.W. Matroos +1 more
Observations may indicate that any effect on the incidence of acute coronary events that is caused by walking, cycling, or gardening is neutralized if these activities are interrupted for several months of the year.
International Journal of ObesityBody mass index, physical inactivity and low level of physical fitness as determinants of all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality—16 y follow-up of middle-aged and elderly men and women
152 Citations2000Nina Haapanen-Niemi, Seppo Miilunpalo +4 more
Perceived physical fitness and functional capability did not prove to be an independent risk factor for mortality from CVD, CHD or from all causes combined, but an increase in LTPA seems to have a similar beneficial effect on the mortality risk of obese and nonobese men and women.
BMJNon-fasting serum triglyceride concentration and mortality from coronary heart disease and any cause in middle aged Norwegian women.
144 Citations1993Inger Stensvold, Aage Tverdal +2 more
A raised non-fasting concentration of triglycerides is an independent risk factor for mortality from coronary heart disease, cardiovascular disease, and any cause mortality among middle aged Norwegian women in contrast to what is seen in men.
Archives of Internal MedicineRisk Factors for All-Cause and Coronary Heart Disease Mortality in the Oldest-Old
135 Citations1997Gary E. Fraser
Even in the oldest-old, certain traditional risk factors and dietary habits are associated with mortality.
StrokePhysical Activity and Ischemic Stroke Risk
132 Citations1999Kelly R. Evenson, Wayne D. Rosamond +5 more
The findings suggest that physical activity was weakly associated with a reduced risk of ischemic stroke among middle-aged adults.
PubMedDeaths: leading causes for 1999.
131 Citations2001Robert N. Anderson
This report supplements the annual report of final mortality statistics and responds to an increasing volume of requests by data users for leading-cause tables with more age and race detail than previously published.
StrokeLifestyle factors and risk of cerebrovascular disease in women. The Copenhagen City Heart Study.
128 Citations1993Ewa Lindenstrøm, Gudrun Boysen +1 more
American Journal of EpidemiologyPhysical Activity and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Middle-aged and Older Women
125 Citations1999Howard D. Sesso, Ralph S. Paffenbarger +2 more
Data showed no overall association of physical activity with CVD risk in women, but walking > or = 10 blocks/day was associated with a 33% decreased risk, and one explanation for this finding may be that walking was reported more precisely than other kinds of activities.
BMJLifelong exercise and stroke.
125 Citations1993R A Shinton, G. Sagar
Appreciable protection from stroke in later life is conferred by vigorous exercise in early adulthood, and this increased level of physical activity should, if possible, be continued lifelong.
StrokePhysical Activity and Stroke Mortality in Women
121 Citations2000Hanne Ellekjær, Jostein Holmen +2 more
Evidence that physical activity should be part of a primary prevention strategy against stroke in women is strengthened, as physical activity was associated with reduced risk of death from stroke in middle-aged and elderly women.
HeartSocioeconomic factors and physical activity in relation to cardiovascular disease and death. A 12 year follow up of participants in a population study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden.
114 Citations1986Leif Lapidus, Calle Bengtsson
Multivariate analyses showed that the association between low educational level and incidence of angina pectoris was independent of socioeconomic group, smoking habits, systolic blood pressure, indices of obesity, serum triglycerides, and serum cholesterol, and low physical activity at work was an independent risk factor for overall mortality.
Medicine & Science in Sports & ExerciseNutrient intake of physically fit and unfit men and women
107 Citations2001Suzanne Brodney, R. Sue McPherson +3 more
Examination of nutrient intakes of men and women across low, moderate, and high fitness categories and compares the intakes to national dietary recommendations finds men andWomen with higher fitness levels consumed diets that more closely approached national dietary Recommendations than their lower fit peers.
American Heart JournalPhysical activity and mortality in women in the Framingham Heart Study
101 Citations1994Scott E. Sherman, Ralph B. D’Agostino +2 more
It is concluded that women who were more active lived longer; this effect was not the result of decreased cardiovascular disease.
American Heart JournalDoes exercise reduce mortality rates in the elderly? experience from the Framingham Heart Study
99 Citations1994Scott E. Sherman, Ralph B. D’Agostino +2 more
It is concluded that women aged 75 years or older who are more active live longer, although this benefit may be attenuated in those who are extremely active.
CirculationEffects of traditional coronary risk factors on rates of incident coronary events in a low-risk population. The Adventist Health Study.
90 Citations1992Gary E. Fraser, TM Strahan +3 more
The epidemiology of coronary heart disease in this low-risk California population appears to be at least qualitatively similar to that seen in other groups, although there was evidence that the effects of exercise and obesity may differ depending on whether fatal myocardial infarction and MI is the end point.
Journal of Chronic DiseasesPhysical activity at work and the incidence of myocardial infarction, angina pectoris and death due to ischemic heart disease. An epidemiological study in Israeli collective settlements (Kibbutzim)
89 Citations1974D. Brunner, G Manelis +2 more
The favorable effect of physical (occupational) work on the incidence of angina pectoris, myocardial infarction and fatal cases due to ischemic heart disease, other factors being equal are stressed.
EpidemiologyPhysical Activity and Its Association with Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Mortality
82 Citations1996Gert Mensink, Marjolein Deketh +3 more
American Heart JournalComparison of past versus recent physical activity in the prevention of premature death and coronary artery disease
78 Citations1999Scott E. Sherman, Ralph B. D’Agostino +2 more
The reduction in overall mortality rates is more associated with recent activity than distant activity, suggesting that for sedentary patients, it may never be too late to begin exercising.
Archives of Internal MedicineLeisure-Time Physical Activity and the Risk of Nonfatal Myocardial Infarction in Postmenopausal Women
71 Citations1995Rozenn N. Lemaître
This case-control study suggests that the risk of myocardial infarction among postmenopausal women is decreased by 50% with modest leisure-time energy expenditures, equivalent to 30 to 45 minutes of walking for exercise three times a week.
Seminars in Vascular MedicinePhysical Activity and Cardiovascular Disease
70 Citations2002S. Goya Wannamethee, A G Shaper
Overall, the evidence points to the benefit of continued regular moderate physical activity which does not need to be vigorous or sporting, and includes activities such as walking or gardening, readily attainable by large sections of the population.
American Journal of Preventive MedicineEconomic burden of cardiovascular disease associated with excess body weight in U.S. adults1 1The full text of this article is available via AJPM Online at www.ajpm-online.net.
65 Citations2002Guijing Wang, Zhi-Jie Zheng +4 more
The strong positive association between EBW and CVD, and the significant economic impact of EBW-associated CVD demonstrate the need to prevent EBW among U.S. adults.
Age and AgeingCustomary Physical Activity and Physical Health Outcomes in Later Life
62 Citations1998Peter A. Bath, Kevin Morgan
The results are consistent with the conclusion that, among elderly people, health gain resulting from higher customary physical activity levels can promote a longer and more independent later life.
Journal of Epidemiology & Community HealthPhysical activity at work and job responsibility as risk factors for fatal coronary heart disease and other causes of death.
62 Citations1985Alessandro Menotti, Fulvia Seccareccia
American Journal of EpidemiologyALCOHOL AND EXERCISE IN MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AND SUDDEN CORONARY DEATH IN MEN AND WOMEN
61 Citations1987Robert Scragg, Alistair W. Stewart +2 more
From a public health viewpoint, regular leisure time physical activity may be as important as the above-mentioned major coronary heart disease risk factors.
Annals of EpidemiologyWork and Leisure Time Physical Activity and Mortality in Men and Women from a General Population Sample
58 Citations1999Joan Dorn, Frank Cerny +6 more
Examination of the long-term relationships between total physical activity and mortality from all causes and coronary heart disease in the general population found physical activity favorably influences mortality risks in non-obese men and younger women.
American Journal of EpidemiologyPhysical Exercise and Reduced Risk of Nonfatal Myocardial Infarction
57 Citations1995George O'connor, C H Hennekens +6 more
Findings suggest that physical activity is inversely related to myocardial infarction risk, independently of other risk factors for coronary heart disease.
PubMedChallenges in measuring physical activity in women.
51 Citations2000Barbara E. Ainsworth
Challenges facing researchers when studying physical activity in women include social and cultural differences influencing women's physical activity habits, measuring lifetime physical activity, and measuring moderate‐intensity physical activity within the context of women's lives.
Preventive MedicineImpact of Unhealthy Behaviors on Cardiovascular Mortality in Finland, 1978–1993
49 Citations1998Riitta Luoto, Ritva Prättälä +2 more
The combinations of unhealthy behaviors are to be preferred over the index in description of lifestyle determinants of cardiovascular mortality in a society showing remarkable improvement in health behaviors.
Annals of EpidemiologyRisk factors for acute myocardial infarction in a Southern Chinese population
40 Citations1994S. Donnan, Suzanne C. Ho +8 more
This study, one of the biggest case-control studies conducted in the Chinese population of both men and women, confirms the importance of several risk factors--cigarette smoking, history of hypertension, history to history of diabetes, body fatness, and lack of physical activity--previously described in data collected in western populations.
Medicine & Science in Sports & ExerciseMaximal exercise hemodynamics and risk of mortality in apparently healthy men and women
38 Citations1996Harold W. Kohl, Milton Z. Nichaman +2 more
The results suggest that an exaggerated SBP or an attenuated heart rate response to maximal exercise may indicate an elevated risk for mortality in this apparently healthy population of apparently healthy individuals.
PubMedStroke risk in older men and women: aspirin, estrogen, exercise, vitamins, and other factors.
34 Citations2001Annlia Paganini‐Hill, Perez Barreto M
Exercise reduced stroke risk in general, and antioxidant vitamin supplements decreased the risk of cerebral occlusion, and the role of lifestyle modification in the primary prevention of stroke is emphasized.
American Journal of Preventive MedicineSeeking a contemporary understanding of factors that influence physical activity
32 Citations2002David M. Büchner, Rebecca Miles
This supplement to the American Journal of Preventive Medicine contains articles from the Cooper Clinic Conference Innovative Approaches to Understanding and Influencing Physical Activity, which paints a picture of “a very complex causal web” of factors affecting physical activity behavior.
Scandinavian Journal of Social MedicineMultivariate analyses of mortality from coronary heart disease due to biological and behavioural factors
24 Citations1996Jan Qvist, Sven‐Erik Johansson +1 more
It was found that high blood pressure raised the relative risk of death from CHD by almost 60% in both men and women, and diabetes was also found to be an important risk factor for mortality fromCHD, especially among women, being seven times as high as among non diabetics.
StrokeReduced Risk of Intracerebral Hemorrhage With Dynamic Recreational Exercise but Not With Heavy Work Activity
21 Citations2002Amanda G. Thrift, Geoffrey A. Donnan +1 more
Preliminary evidence for a role of exercise in reducing the likelihood of intracerebral hemorrhage among men is provided, and factors other than blood pressure status, cholesterol, and body mass index may play a role in the observed inverse association between dynamic exercise and ICH among men.
Medicine & Science in Sports & ExerciseMaximal exercise hemodynamics and risk of mortality in apparently healthy men and women
12 Citations1996Harold W. Kohl, Milton Z. Nichaman +2 more
American Journal of Preventive MedicineTreating inactivity
6 Citations2002Kenneth E. Powell, Susan K Bricker +1 more
Medicine & Science in Sports & ExercisePHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY IN WOMEN
5 Citations2002Yuko Oguma, Howard D. Sesso +3 more
…
