Natural History of Diagnostic Interview Schedule/ DSM-IV Major Depression
Archives of General PsychiatryPublished 1 November 1997
William W. Eaton
Citations488
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
TL;DR
The bimodality of onset suggests the value of further exploring the heterogeneity of depression via its natural history, and reported differences in prevalence between men and women seem to be due to differences in incidence, not chronicity.
Abstract
The incidence estimated in this study is consistent with that found in the few other similar studies performed. The bimodality of onset suggests the value of further exploring the heterogeneity of depression via its natural history. Reported differences in prevalence between men and women seem to be due to differences in incidence, not chronicity.
Keywords
PsychologyNeuroscience
TechnometricsApplied Regression Analysis
18,042 Citations2005
This tutorial discusses simple and multiple linear regression, diagnostics, model selection, models with categorical variables, and nonlinear models; logistic regression.
Archives of General PsychiatryLifetime and 12-Month Prevalence of DSM-III-R Psychiatric Disorders in the United States
12,491 Citations1994Ronald C. Kessler
The prevalence of psychiatric disorders is greater than previously thought to be the case, and morbidity is more highly concentrated than previously recognized in roughly one sixth of the population who have a history of three or more comorbid disorders.
Archives of General PsychiatryNational Institute of Mental Health Diagnostic Interview Schedule
5,278 Citations1981Lee N. Robins
A new interview schedule allows lay interviewers or clinicians to make psychiatric diagnoses according to DSM-III criteria, Feighner criteria, and Research Diagnostic Criteria.
Journal of the American Statistical AssociationEpidemiologic Research: Principles and Quantitative Methods.
2,942 Citations1984Lawrence S. Mayer, David G. Kleinbaum +2 more
Journal of Affective DisordersSex and depression in the National Comorbidity Survey I: Lifetime prevalence, chronicity and recurrence
2,201 Citations1993Ronald C. Kessler
Age of onset analysis shows that this sex difference begins in early adolescence and persists through the mid-50s and means that the higher prevalence of 12-month depression among women than men is largely due to women having a higher risk of first onset.
Archives of General PsychiatryConceptualization and Rationale for Consensus Definitions of Terms in Major Depressive Disorder
1,940 Citations1991Ellen Frank
It is concluded that research on depressive illness would be well served by greater consistency in the definition change points in the course of illness, and proposes an internally consistent, empirically defined conceptual scheme for the terms remission, recovery, relapse, and recurrence.
American Journal of PsychiatryTransduction of psychosocial stress into the neurobiology of recurrent affective disorder
1,847 Citations1992R.M. Post
The author postulates that both sensitization to stressors and episode sensitization occur and become encoded at the level of gene expression, suggesting that the biochemical and anatomical substrates underlying the affective disorders evolve over time as a function of recurrences, as does pharmacological responsivity.
Archives of General PsychiatryThe NIMH Epidemiologic Catchment Area Program
1,267 Citations1984Darrel A. Regier
The National Institute of Mental Health multisite Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) program is described in the context of four previous psychiatric epidemiologic surveys that included a combined total of 4,000 subjects from Stirling County, the Baltimore Morbidity Study, Midtown Manhattan, and the New Haven third-wave survey.
Archives of General PsychiatryTime to Recovery, Chronicity, and Levels of Psychopathology in Major Depression
869 Citations1992Martin B. Keller
The course of illness of 431 subjects with major depression participating in the National Institute of Mental Health Collaborative Depression Study was prospectively observed for 5 years, and many subjects who did not recover continued in an episode that looked more like dysthymia than major depressive disorder.
Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent PsychiatryMajor Depression in Community Adolescents: Age at Onset, Episode Duration, and Time to Recurrence
837 Citations1994Peter M. Lewinsohn, Gregory N. Clarke +2 more
Risk of MDD is low in childhood, increasing substantially with adolescence, although the risk of recurrence is substantial, and the majority of episodes in community adolescents are relatively brief.
Archives of General PsychiatryUtilization of Health and Mental Health Services
820 Citations1984Sam Shapiro
In seeking mental health services, men were more likely to turn to the specialty sector than to the generalist; women used both sectors about equally; the aged infrequently received care from mental health specialists.
Elsevier eBooksEpidemiologic Field Methods in Psychiatry
467 Citations1985
A comparison of the DIS and the SADS-L with a DIS/DSM-III-Based Physician Reevaluation and a Problems in the Definition and Measurement of Prevalence and Incidence of Psychiatric Disorders is presented.
Archives of General PsychiatryDepressive Symptoms as Relative and Attributable Risk Factors for First-Onset Major Depression
462 Citations1992Ewald Horwath
The high prevalence of depressive symptoms in the community and their strong association with first-onset major depression make them important from a public health perspective and their identification and the development of effective treatments could have implications for the prevention of major depression.
Archives of General PsychiatryPremorbid Personality Assessments of First Onset of Major Depression
427 Citations1989Robert M. A. Hirschfeld
Low emotional strength, increased interpersonal dependency, and increased thoughtfulness were associated with first onset of depression among older subjects, while age was a significant predictor of first onset, both alone and in interaction with personality measures.
JAMAThe Changing Rate of Major Depression
398 Citations1992Myrna M. Weissman
Cross-nationally, the more recent birth cohorts are at increased risk for major depression, and the linking of demographic, epidemiologic, economic, and social indices by country to these changes may clarify environmental conditions that influence the rates of major depression.
American Journal of Psychiatry"Double depression": superimposition of acute depressive episodes on chronic depressive disorders
363 Citations1982Martín Keller, Robert Shapiro
The authors found that patients withsuperimposed depression relapsed at a significantly higher rate immediately after recovery from the acute episode of depression than did patients without superimposed depression.
American Journal of PsychiatryProdromes and precursors: epidemiologic data for primary prevention of disorders with slow onset
339 Citations1995William W. Eaton, Mohamed Badawi +1 more
The concepts of prodrome and precursor are used to show how epidemiologic data on age at onset can be used in timing preventive interventions and selecting target populations, and a conceptual framework links the early natural history of disorders with the search for syndromes is linked.
Acta Psychiatrica ScandinavicaThe incidence of specific DIS/DSM‐III mental disorders: data from the NIMH Epidemiologic Catchment Area Program
328 Citations1989W. W. Eaton, Megan Kramer +4 more
Incidence data are presented for the 7 most frequent specific categories of mental disorder available in the NIMH Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) program and pooled smoothed curves for the relationship of age to incidence, specific for sex are shown.
Archives of General PsychiatryOnset of Major Depression in Early Adulthood
324 Citations1984Myrna M. Weissman
More studies will be needed to sort out secular changes in the rates of the occurrence of major depression among young persons (cohort effect) from the high familial loading ofmajor depression that has its onset in childhood and adolescence, and to determine whether the specificity of transmission of early-onset depression is the result of a single homogeneous disorder.
Epidemiologic ReviewsRecall of Psychiatric History in Cross-sectional Surveys: Implications for Epidemiologic Research
271 Citations1995Gregory E. Simon, Michael VonKorff
While lifetime risk of depression and other psychiatric disorders may not be increasing as rapidly as suggested by cross-sectional surveys, the overall impact of such disorders over the life span may be significantly greater than previous community surveys have indicated.
American Journal of PsychiatryPsychiatric status and 9-year mortality data in the New Haven Epidemiologic Catchment Area Study
260 Citations1994Martha L. Bruce, Philip J. Leaf +3 more
The relatively high prevalence of depression and alcohol disorders indicates the far-reaching impact that these problems have on community health in general, and further evidence of the negative outcome of some psychiatric problems even when assessed in community samples is found.
PubMedThe Epidemiologic Catchment Area Program of the National Institute of Mental Health.
223 Citations1981William W. Eaton, Darrel A. Regier +2 more
Its two-wave design enhances the study of incidence, etiology, and the natural history of disorders and also allows study of the social behavior of persons entering treatment for mental disorders--a subject important to health planners.
American Journal of EpidemiologyPsychopathology and Attirition in the Epidemiologic Catchment Area Surveys
210 Citations1992William W. Eaton, James C. Anthony +2 more
Panic and depression were associated with failure to locate, but no diagnoses, or selected symptoms, were strongly or significantly associated with refusal to participate in the second wave.
Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent PsychiatryAges of Onset of Psychiatric Disorders in a Community Population of Older Adolescents
190 Citations1994Rose M. Giaconia, Helen Z. Reinherz +4 more
The striking levels of early psychopathology and associated long-term deficits in functioning found in this community population of older adolescents underscore the need for programs of early intervention.
Acta Psychiatrica ScandinavicaAffective symptoms associated with the onset of major depression in the community: findings from the US National Institute of Mental Health Epidemiologic Catchment Area Program
167 Citations1991A. Dryman, William W. Eaton
Overall, the results indicated a strong positive association between an onset episode and the following depressive symptoms over 1 year: diminished sexual drive, feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt and trouble concentrating or thinking.
Journal of Clinical EpidemiologyAge, period and cohort effects on the risk of major depression: results from five United States communities
165 Citations1989Priya Wickramaratne, Myrna M. Weissman +2 more
The results of the analysis showed a sharp increase in rates of major depression among both men and women in the birth cohort born during the years 1935-1945, while the rates in males continued to rise sharply among the cohorts born in the following decade, after which they also levelled off.
Psychological MedicineAre the lifetime prevalence estimates in the ECA study accurate?
157 Citations1987Gordon Parker
These findings suggest that establishing a lifetime diagnosis is likely to depend on the particular psychiatric condition, and suggest a relatively good prognosis for antisocial personality and substance use disorders, and a far more chronic or recurring pattern for the functional psychoses and affective disorders.
Journal of Abnormal PsychologyProbability of relapse after recovery from an episode of depression.
128 Citations1989Peter M. Lewinsohn, Antonette M. Zeiss +1 more
Rec relapse rates in those individuals who have experienced an episode of unipolar depression as a function of the number of previous episodes, gender, age at onset of the episode, time since a previous episode, and depression level at time of interview are studied.
The American Pharmacists Association eBooksMajor Depressive Disorder
126 Citations2017Michael Diduch, Rebecca Milovac +1 more
Although there is consistent evidence for the role of systemic inflammation and oxidative stress in depression, it must be concluded that the cerebral status of telomeres is not affected and raises the issue of the relation between the psychiatric pathological process, and peripheral and central biomarkers.
Archives of General PsychiatryPsychiatric Disorders in Relatives of Probands With Panic Disorder and/or Major Depression
118 Citations1994Risë B. Goldstein
It is concluded that panic disorder is a specific familial entity that is not associated with a broad range of other anxiety or other psychiatric disorders, with the possible exception of social phobia.
Psychological MedicineSex differences in lifetime depression rates: fact or artefact?
98 Citations1994Kay Wilhelm, Gordon Parker
A 10-year review of initial suggested a female preponderance in DIS-generated RDC and DSM-III lifetime depressive categories finds clear evidence of instability in prevalence estimates, together with a sex effect on stability, and suggests modifications to 'case' definition in epidemiological enquiries.
The British Journal of PsychiatryHeterogeneity of Depression
97 Citations1994Kathleen R. Merikangas, Werner Wicki +1 more
Findings underscore the importance of employing course as a classification criterion of depression, and the inclusion of subthreshold episodes of depression in the characterization of course.
Epidemiologic ReviewsRecent Progress in the Epidemiology of Major Depression
92 Citations1995P. W. Burvil
American Journal of Public HealthIncidence of depression and anxiety: the Stirling County Study.
85 Citations1988J.M. Murphy, DJIMRANGAR Olivier +3 more
The incidence of depression and anxiety disorders in a general population using data gathered in a 16-year follow-up of an adult sample selected as part of the Stirling County Study (Canada), is found to be approximately nine cases per 1,000 persons per year.
Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric EpidemiologyPsychopathology and mortality in the general population
81 Citations1995Anthony C. Kouzis, William W. Eaton +1 more
Longitudinal prospective data from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area Program are examined for the relationship between psychopathology and mortality and significant predictors of dying were being male, older, and from low income households.
EpidemiologySuspected Risk Factors for Depression among Adults 18–44 Years Old
71 Citations1991James C. Anthony, Kenneth R. Petronis
With increasing age, women were at increasingly higher risk for the depressive syndrome, as compared with men; working for pay was associated with lower risk, and there was an important interaction of age and sex.
Psychological MedicineFilters on the pathway to mental health care I. Incident mental disorders
47 Citations1995Stefano Marino, Joseph J. Gallo +2 more
People who developed a mental disorder during the follow-up interval were just as likely to consult a non-psychiatrist physician for their mental health problems as to consulted a specialist in mental health, even accounting for other factors known to be associated with differential use of health care services.
Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric EpidemiologyDepression in inner London
41 Citations1987Geoff Der, Paul Bebbington
The most striking findings were the preponderance of non bipolar disorders in women; the considerable reduction of incidence of moderate depression with age contrasting with a gradual increase in severe depressions; extremely high rates of all categories of affective disorder in the post marital, particularly in the young.
Elsevier eBooksThe Epidemiology of Selected Mental Disorders in Later Life
38 Citations1992James C. Anthony, Ahmed Aboraya
The chapter focuses on the underlying substantive theory associated with the null hypothesis in the risk-factor studies of mental disorders in later life, as observed by means of epidemiologic research.