The 5′ ends of Drosophila heat shock genes in chromatin are hypersensitive to DNase I
NaturePublished 1 August 1980
Carl Wu
Citations1,116
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score18.29
SNIP10.16
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
TL;DR
Many specific sites in Drosophila chromatin are hypersensitive to DNase I and the positions of such sites were mapped along the regions of the genome coding for two heat shock proteins.
Abstract
Many specific sites in Drosophila chromatin are hypersensitive to DNase I. The positions of such sites were mapped along the regions of the genome coding for two heat shock proteins. Such sites lie at the 5' ends of heat shock genes and may function as elements for recognition by molecules which regulate gene activity.
Keywords
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Journal of Molecular BiologyDetection of specific sequences among DNA fragments separated by gel electrophoresis
32,820 Citations1975E.M. Southern
This paper describes a method of transferring fragments of DNA from agarose gels to cellulose nitrate filters that can be hybridized to radioactive RNA and hybrids detected by radioautography or fluorography.
Biochemical and Biophysical Research CommunicationsA membrane-filter technique for the detection of complementary DNA
3,942 Citations1966David T. Denhardt
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesEfficient transfer of large DNA fragments from agarose gels to diazobenzyloxymethyl-paper and rapid hybridization by using dextran sulfate.
3,356 Citations1979Geoffrey M. Wahl, Michael Stern +1 more
Ten percent dextran sulfate accelerates the rate of hybridization of randomly cleaved double-stranded DNA probes to immobilized nucleic acids by as much as 100-fold, without increasing the background significantly.
Cellular and Molecular Life SciencesA new puffing pattern induced by temperature shock and DNP in drosophila
2,015 Citations1962Ferruccio Ritossa
CellThe induction of gene activity in drosophila by heat shock
1,321 Citations1979Michael Ashburner, J. José Bonner
The discovery of the induction of a unique set of puffs by heat shock (Ritossa, 1962) has led the way to an analysis of gene function and structure in Drosophila that is, so far, unique.
Journal of Molecular BiologyProtein synthesis in salivary glands of Drosophila melanogaster: Relation to chromosome puffs
1,219 Citations1974A. Tissières, Herschel K. Mitchell +1 more
The salivary glands and other tissues from Drosophila melanogaster were dissected at various times throughout the prepupal period, as well as after heat shocks and ecdysterone treatments, and the proteins labelled by incubating the isolated tissues with [35S]methionine were separated by electrophoresis on sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel.
Nucleic Acids ResearchpBR322 restriction map derived from the DNA sequence: accurate DNA size markers up to 4361 nucleotide pairs long
760 Citations1978J. Gregor Sutcliffe
A complete restriction map of pBR322 from the total nucleotide sequence of the plasmid is derived and the exact sizes of all restriction fragments and the relative positions of the cuts are presented.
NatureChromatin
571 Citations1978Gary Felsenfeld
Details of the organisation of DNA within the nucleosome are revealed, and it is shown that the arginine-rich histones are essential to DNA folding.
CellA system for mapping DNA sequences in the chromosomes of Drosophila melanogaster
481 Citations1974Pieter C. Wensink
Individual segments of the chromosomal DNA in D. melanogaster were isolated, and the sequences they contain were analyzed for repetition and mapped within the polytene chromosomes, which are not compatible with tandem repetition models for the chromomere.
CellThe chromatin structure of specific genes: I. Evidence for higher order domains of defined DNA sequence
444 Citations1979Carl Wu, Paul M. Bingham +3 more
Restriction enzyme cleavage of the fragments generated indicates that the preferential DNAase I cleavage sites in chromatin are position-specific, and this nuclease also cleaves at position- specific sites.
CellThe chromatin structure of specific genes: II. Disruption of chromatin structure during gene activity
389 Citations1979Carl Wu, Yuk‐Chor Wong +1 more
A disruption in nucleosomal and possibly in higher order organization are observed as indicated by a relative loss or smearing of the characteristic discrete DNA fragment patterns from the heat shock loci in the active state, which are restored when cells are allowed to recover from heat shock and these loci return to the inactive state.
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesLocalization of RNA from heat-induced polysomes at puff sites in Drosophila melanogaster.
331 Citations1975Susan Lindquist McKenzie, Steven Henikoff +1 more
Most of the poly(adenylic acid)-containing RNA isolated from high-temperature polysomes sediments in sucrose gradients and migrates in gels as a rather narrow band is of sufficient size to code for one particular protein that is found to account for more than half of the total synthesis at high temperature.
Journal of Molecular BiologyMessenger RNA in heat-shocked Drosophila cells
290 Citations1977Allan C. Spradling, Mary Lou Pardue +1 more
A complex relationship has been found to exist between the chromosomal sites which form heat shock puffs and the temperature-induced mRNAs, and the finding that at least 25 euchromatic chromosomal Sites which do not form visible heatshock puffs also hybridize in situ to some degree with RNA labeled in heat-shocked cells are discussed.
Journal of Molecular BiologyThe chromosome of bacteriophage T5
287 Citations1972Gary S. Hayward, Mervyn G. Smith
A method for separating the single-stranded DNA fragments from denatured bacteriophage T5 DNA and measuring their molecular weights is developed and it is envisaged that the major fragments are delineated by “primary” interruptions present in every duplex molecule in the population and that superimposed on this basic structure are “secondary” interrupts which occur only at low frequency.
CellA stretch of “late” SV40 viral DNA about 400 bp long which includes the origin of replication is specifically exposed in SV40 minichromosomes
278 Citations1979Alexander Varshavsky, Olof Sundin +1 more
It is of interest that, in addition to the origin of replication, this region contains binding sites for T antigen, specific tandem repeated sequences and apparently also the promoters for synthesis of late SV40 mRNAs.
ChromosomaPatterns of puffing activity in the salivary gland chromosomes of Drosophila
270 Citations1970Michael Ashburner
A similar pattern of induced puffs to that found after temperature treatment is found during recovery of larvae from anoxia, but additional puffs are “induced” after anoxion, and the size and duration of activity of the induced puffed is dependent upon the magnitude of the treatment.
CellAnalysis of drosophila mRNA by in situ hybridization: Sequences transcribed in normal and heat shocked cultured cells
239 Citations1975Allan C. Spradling, Sheldon Penman +1 more
When the cultured Drosophila cells are subjected to heat shock immediately before labeling with 3H-uridine, there is a drastic alteration in the pattern of gene transcription detected by in situ hybridization.
CellSites in simian virus 40 chromatin which are preferentially cleaved by endonucleases
230 Citations1978Walter A. Scott, Dianne J. Wigmore
It is suggested that, in at least a portion of the SV40 chromatin population, a region located in Hind III fragment C and Hpa I fragment B is preferentially cleaved by deoxyribonuclease I or by endogenous nuclease but not by staphylococcal nucleasing.
Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative BiologyThe Effect of Heat Shock on Gene Expression in Drosophila melanogaster
225 Citations1978Marc-Édouard Mirault, Michel Goldschmidt‐Clermont +3 more
This chapter elaborates the effect of heat shock on gene expression in drosophila melanogaster by identifying the de novo synthesized poly(A) + RNA found in these polyribosomes sediments as two main component which includes a major fraction of 20 S RNA predominant in the large poly ribosomes, and a minor 12 S fraction found mostly in small polyribsomes.
CellStudies of cloned sequences from four drosophila heat shock loci
199 Citations1979Robert A. Holmgren, Kenneth J. Livak +3 more
DNA cloned from the D. melanogaster heat shock loci at 63BC and 95D codes for the 83,000 and the 68,000 dalton heat shock proteins, respectively, and considerable homology is found between these sequences and a site in 87D.
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesParallel changes in puffing activity and patterns of protein synthesis in salivary glands of Drosophila.
186 Citations1975Michael E. Lewis, P.J. Helmsing +1 more
Electrophoretic differences of two proteins exist between D. melanogaster and D. simulans, encouraging attempts to map the proteins' gene loci and to test directly whether or not the puffs code for them.
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesSequence organization and transcription at two heat shock loci in Drosophila.
175 Citations1978Kenneth J. Livak, Robert Freund +3 more
The heat shock loci of Drosophila melanogaster chromosome subdivisions 87A and 87C have been studied by using cloned DNA and in situ hybridization to chromosomal RNA shows that transcripts of this sequence accumulate at both sites after temperature elevation.
CellA novel arrangement of tandemly repeated genes at a major heat shock site in D. melanogaster
155 Citations1978John T. Lis, Louise S. Prestidge +1 more
Three cloned segments of Drosophila melanogaster DNA have been isolated that derive from the major heat shock site at 87C in chromosome 3, revealing sequences homologous to a class of polysomal poly(A)+ RNAs whose synthesis is induced by heat shock of cultured cells.
CellSequence organization of two recombinant plasmids containing genes for the major heat shock-induced protein of D. melanogaster
154 Citations1979Elizabeth A. Craig, Brian J. McCarthy +1 more
A study of the organization of genes coding for the 70K heat shock-specific protein contained in the two recombinant chromosomal DNA plasmids pG3 and pG5 concludes that a 14 kb fragment, G3, contains three copies of the gene coding forThe 70K protein.
CellTwo hybrid plasmids with D. melanogaster DNA sequences complementary to mRNA coding for the major heat shock protein
138 Citations1978Paul Schedl, S Artavanis-Tsakonas +6 more
Two cloned segments of Drosophila melanogaster DNA containing "heat shock" gene sequences hybridize in situ to the heat-induced puff sites located at 87A and 87C of the salivary gland polytene chromosomes.
Nucleic Acids ResearchDNA methylation: correlation with DNase I sensitivity of chicken ovalbumin and conalbumin chromatin
130 Citations1979M. Tien Kuo, Jean‐Louis Mandel +1 more
It is concluded that the residual DNA methylation found at some sites of the ovalbumin and conalbumin gene regions is derived from the fraction of cells in which the chromatin of these genes is not in an "active" form.
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesOrigin of DNA replication in papovavirus chromatin is recognized by endogenous endonuclease.
121 Citations1978Waldemar Waldeck, Bernd Föhring +3 more
The data reveal the presence of a unique structure of the papovavirus chromatin close to the initiation site of DNA replication, which is unique to simian virus 40 and polyoma.
CellPhysical map of two D. melanogaster DNA segments containing sequences coding for the 70,000 dalton heat shock protein
120 Citations1979Larry A. Moran, Marc-Édouard Mirault +5 more
The results show that the two cloned Dm DNA segments derive from nonoverlapping regions of the Dm genome; that they contain homologous regions present once in 56H8 and twice in 132E3; and that each homologueous region is composed of three distinct contiguous sequence elements, x, y and z, which together define a 3 kb common unit.
CellGenetic and molecular analysis of the 87a7 and 87c1 heat-inducible loci of D. melanogaster
120 Citations1979David Ish‐Horowicz, Sheena M. Pinchin +3 more
A study of the organization of the two loci is completed, using deficiencies that delete one or other locus, and the number of the hsp 70 genes at each locus is estimated, finding that in at least three strains of files there are a total of five coding sequences.
CellThe arrangement of nucleosomes in nucleoprotein complexes from polyoma virus and SV40
110 Citations1977B. A. J. Ponder, L.V. Crawford
It is concluded that the nucleosomes occupy a small number of distinct alternative positions; the arrangement is not completely random, and this interpretation is consistent with a number of other findings, which together suggest that theucleoprotein complex contains a repeating element of structure extending across both nucleosome and bridge regions.
CellGenes for the 70,000 dalton heat shock protein in two cloned D. melanogaster DNA segments
108 Citations1979Spyros Artavanis‐Tsakonas, Paul Schedl +3 more
It is reported here that the sequences complementary to the 70,000 dalton protein mRNA appear to be confined to a major portion of the largest element of the common unit and that the other sequence elements are located at the 5' end of the gene.
BiochemistryDNA sequence directs placement of histone cores on restriction fragments during nucleosome formation
103 Citations1979Moses V. Chao, Jay D. Gralla +1 more
Two restriction fragments, 203 and 144 base pairs in length, bearing the Escherichia coli lac control region have been reconstituted with the core histones from calf thymus to form nucleosomes.
Nucleic Acids ResearchTwo genes for the major heat-shock protein of Drosophila melanogaster arranged as an inverted repeat
89 Citations1980Michel Goldschmidt‐Clermont
The physical maps of three cloned D. melanogaster DNA fragments with genes for the 70,000 dalton heat-shock protein (hsp 70) are presented and their sequence homologies are investigated by heteroduplex analysis.
Journal of Molecular BiologyTranslation in vitro of Drosophila heat-shock messages
87 Citations1977Susan Lindquist McKenzie, Matthew Meselson
Polysomal RNA from heat-shocked Drosophila tissue culture cells directs the in vitro synthesis of proteins which appear to be the same as heat-shock proteins made in vivo.
Journal of Molecular BiologySubunit structure of chromatin and the organization of eukaryotic highly repetitive DNA: Indications of a phase relation between restriction sites and chromatin subunits in African green monkey and calf nuclei
83 Citations1977Phillip R. Musich, Joseph J. Maio +1 more
The results suggest that, in component α chromatin, the EcoRI-RI∗ sites are found at the interstices of adjacent nucleosomes and the HindIII and HaeIII sites are protected from cleavage by their location on the protein core of the nucleosome.
CellTranscription at two heat shock loci in Drosophila
71 Citations1977Steven Henikoff
Transcription at two heat shock loci in Drosophila melanogaster was investigated by hybridization in situ with 3H-labeled messenger, nuclear RNA and whole cell RNA from cells cultured at elevated temperature, leading to the conclusion that a 87A transcription includes little more than sequences complementary to the 9 x 10(5) dalton message, while at 87C, there are sequences complementing to the same message and extensive additional sequences complementaryto other species of RNA.
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesOrganization of the multiple genes for the 70,000-dalton heat-shock protein in Drosophila melanogaster.
68 Citations1979Marc-Édouard Mirault, Michel Goldschmidt‐Clermont +2 more
The data suggest that the arrangement as well as the number of genes for the 70,000-dalton heat-shock protein in D. melanogaster is subject to variations at both the 87A and 87C cytogenetic loci.
CellA phase relationship associates tRNA structural gene sequences with nucleosome cores
62 Citations1979Burghardt Wittig, Stephanie Wittig
The location of genes coding for chicken embryo tRNALys, tRNAPhe and tRNAiMet within the cloned nucleosome tetramer DNA was determined using restriction endonucleases for which single cleavage sites could be predicted from the respective tRNA base sequence.
Nucleic Acids ResearchSubunit structure of α-satellite DNA containing chromatin from African green monkey cells
58 Citations1979F. Fittler, Hans G. Zachau
CellDeletions of two heat-activated loci in drosophila melanogaster and their effects on heat-induced protein synthesis
51 Citations1977David Ish‐Horowicz, Jeanette J. A. Holden +1 more
De deleting only the 87C1 puff has no apparent effect, and a coding locus for the 71,000 dalton heat-induced protein is mapped to 87A7-B3, a seven band region which also contains a heat- induced puff.
European Journal of BiochemistryThe Specificity of Five DNAases as Studied by the Analysis of 5′‐Terminal Doublets
42 Citations1975Alberto De Bernardi, Claire Rogel Gaillard +1 more
A calculation of the statistical composition of the trinucleotides split by each enzyme, using the 3'-terminal nucleotide data in conjunction with the 5'-Terminal dinucleotide results provided a qualitative "specificity spectrum" for each enzyme.