Association between neighborhood walkability and GPS-measured walking, bicycling and vehicle time in adolescents
Health & PlacePublished 9 January 2015Open access
Jordan Carlson, Brian E. Saelens, Jacqueline Kerr, Jasper Schipperijn, Terry L. Conway, Lawrence D. Frank
Citations181
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
TL;DR
Investigation of relations of walking, bicycling and vehicle time to neighborhood walkability and total physical activity in youth suggests potential for increasing walking in youth through improving neighborhoodWalkability.
Abstract
Increasing walking in youth could be effective in increasing total physical activity. Built environment findings suggest potential for increasing walking in youth through improving neighborhood walkability.
Keywords
Social SciencesMedicineEngineering
Annals of Internal MedicineHealth Behavior and Health Education: Theory, Research, and Practice
13,310 Citations1992
Addressing behavioral risks and disparities, and the behaviors related to global health threats, such as flu pandemics, water shortages, increasingly harmful sun exposure, and the need to protect the health of the planet itself, will be critical to world health in the twenty-first century.
Journal of the American Planning AssociationTravel and the Built Environment
5,118 Citations2010Reid Ewing, Robert Cervero
A meta-analysis of the built environment-travel literature existing at the end of 2009 is conducted in order to draw generalizable conclusions for practice, and finds that vehicle miles traveled is most strongly related to measures of accessibility to destinations and secondarily to street network design variables.
The LancetCorrelates of physical activity: why are some people physically active and others not?
4,124 Citations2012Adrian Bauman, Rodrigo Siqueira Reis +4 more
An understanding of correlates and determinants, especially in countries of low and middle income, could reduce the risk of future epidemics of inactivity and contribute to effective global prevention of non-communicable diseases.
Medicine & Science in Sports & ExerciseCalibration of the Computer Science and Applications, Inc. accelerometer
3,853 Citations1998Patty S. Freedson, Edward L. Melanson +1 more
These data provide a template on which patterns of activity can be classified into intensity levels using the CSA accelerometer, and help to predict energy expenditure at any treadmill speed.
Journal of Sports SciencesCalibration of two objective measures of physical activity for children
2,572 Citations2008Kelly R. Evenson, Diane Catellier +3 more
It is suggested that the two accelerometers can be used to distinguish differing levels of physical activity intensity as well as inactivity among children 5 to 8 years of age.
Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research BoardTravel and the Built Environment: A Synthesis
1,854 Citations2001Reid Ewing, Robert Cervero
Elasticities of travel demand with respect to density, diversity, design, and regional accessibility are derived from selected studies and may be useful in travel forecasting and sketch planning and have already been incorporated into one sketch planning tool, the Environmental Protection Agency’s Smart Growth Index model.
American Journal of Preventive MedicineObesity relationships with community design, physical activity, and time spent in cars
1,718 Citations2004Lawrence D. Frank, Martin A. Andresen +1 more
Land-use mix had the strongest association with obesity, and relationships among urban form, walk distance, and time in a car were stronger among white than black cohorts, while relationships among the built environment, travel patterns, and weight may vary across gender and ethnicity.
CardiologyThe Effects of Climate Change on Cardiac Health
1,699 Citations2015Jonathan De Blois, Tord Kjellström +4 more
This review evaluates the evidence base for the cardiac health consequences of climate conditions, with particular reference to increasing heat exposure, and it also explores the potential further implications.
Medicine & Science in Sports & ExerciseComparison of Accelerometer Cut Points for Predicting Activity Intensity in Youth
1,354 Citations2010Stewart G. Trost, Paul D. Loprinzi +2 more
Evaluating the classification accuracy of five sets of independently developed ActiGraph cut points using energy expenditure, measured by indirect calorimetry, as a criterion reference standard suggests that the EV cut points provided acceptable classification accuracy for all four levels of physical activity intensity and performed well among children of all ages.
British Journal of Sports MedicineThe development of a walkability index: application to the Neighborhood Quality of Life Study
1,271 Citations2009Lawrence D. Frank, James F. Sallis +5 more
An integrated index for operationalising walkability using parcel-level information is proposed based on transportation and urban planning literatures, which supports a link between neighbourhood built environment and physical activity.
American Journal of Preventive MedicineNeighborhood Environment and Physical Activity Among Youth
869 Citations2011Ding Ding, James F. Sallis +3 more
For both children and adolescents, the most consistent associations involved objectively measured environmental attributes and reported physical activity, and these findings support several recommendations for policy and environmental change from such groups as the IOM and National Physical Activity Plan.
Journal of Physical Activity and HealthUsing Accelerometers in Youth Physical Activity Studies: A Review of Methods
737 Citations2013Kelli L. Cain, James F. Sallis +3 more
The increasing diversity of methods used to process and score accelerometer data for youth precludes comparison of results across studies, and trends indicate declining standardization of methods.
Journal of Physical Activity and HealthThe Effectiveness of Urban Design and Land Use and Transport Policies and Practices to Increase Physical Activity: A Systematic Review
705 Citations2006Gregory W. Heath, Ross C. Brownson +5 more
Because community- and street-scale urban design and land-use policies and practices met the Community Guide criteria for being effective physical activity interventions, implementing these policies and Practices at the community-level should be a priority of public health practitioners and community decision makers.
Social Science & MedicineStepping towards causation: Do built environments or neighborhood and travel preferences explain physical activity, driving, and obesity?
672 Citations2007Lawrence D. Frank, Brian E. Saelens +2 more
It is suggested that creating walkable environments may result in higher levels of physical activity and less driving and in slightly lower obesity prevalence for those preferring walkability.
American Journal of Preventive MedicineWalking to Public TransitSteps to Help Meet Physical Activity Recommendations
660 Citations2005Lilah M. Besser, Andrew L. Dannenberg
Walking to and from public transportation can help physically inactive populations, especially low-income and minority groups, attain the recommended level of daily physical activity.
Social Science & MedicineNeighborhood built environment and income: Examining multiple health outcomes
645 Citations2009James F. Sallis, Brian E. Saelens +6 more
It was concluded that living in walkable neighborhoods was associated with more physical activity and lower overweight/obesity but not with other benefits, and lower- and higher-income groups benefited similarly from living in high-walkability neighborhoods.
Preventive MedicineActive school transport, physical activity levels and body weight of children and youth: A systematic review
549 Citations2008Guy Faulkner, Ron Buliung +2 more
These studies demonstrate that active school commuters tend to be more physically active overall than passive commuters, and evidence for the impact of AST in promoting healthy body weights for children and youth is not compelling.
Medicine & Science in Sports & ExerciseActive Commuting to School
540 Citations2006Jacqueline Kerr, Dori E. Rosenberg +4 more
Both parent concerns and the built environment were associated with children's active commuting to school, and interventions that include both environmental change and education campaigns may be needed to increase active commute to school.
UNC LibrariesDefining Accelerometer Thresholds for Activity Intensities in Adolescent Girls
498 Citations2020Treuth S. Margarita
American Journal of Preventive MedicineCommuting to school
424 Citations2003Ashley R Cooper, Angie S Page +2 more
In boys, walking to school was associated with higher physical activity after school and during the evening, and active transport may contribute to a more physically active profile, at least for boys, supporting walk-to-school initiatives to increase children's physical activity.
American Journal of Preventive MedicinePhysical Activity Levels of Children Who Walk, Cycle, or Are Driven to School
396 Citations2005Ashley R Cooper, Lars Bo Andersen +3 more
In primary school-aged children, walking to school is associated with higher levels of overall physical activity compared with those who travel to school by motorized transport.
Medicine & Science in Sports & ExerciseThe Epidemiology of Walking for Physical Activity in the United States
390 Citations2003Amy A. Eyler, Ross C. Brownson +2 more
The epidemiology of walking for physical activity among respondents to the U.S. Physical Activity Study is described to identify important information that can be used to help guide future interventions that promote walking as a form of physical activity.
PubMedDefining accelerometer thresholds for activity intensities in adolescent girls.
363 Citations2004Margarita S Treuth, Kathryn H. Schmitz +7 more
Health & PlaceSchool site and the potential to walk to school: The impact of street connectivity and traffic exposure in school neighborhoods
311 Citations2010Billie Giles‐Corti, Gina Wood +7 more
Regular walking to school was higher in children attending schools in high walkable neighborhoods and less likely in neighborhoods with high connectivity but high traffic volume, highlighting the importance of carefully considering school siting and, particularly, street design in school neighborhoods.
American Journal of Health PromotionUrban Form Relationships with Walk Trip Frequency and Distance among Youth
309 Citations2007Lawrence D. Frank, Jacqueline Kerr +2 more
Access to recreation or open space was the most important urban form variable related to walking for all age groups and children aged 12 to 15 years old may be particularly influenced by urban form.
American Journal of Preventive MedicineCritical Factors for Active Transportation to School Among Low-Income and Minority Students
258 Citations2008Noreen McDonald
Low-income and minority groups, particularly blacks and Hispanics, use active travel modes to get to school at much higher rates than whites or higher-income students, however, racial variation in travel patterns is removed.
Transportation Research Part D Transport and EnvironmentUrban form correlates of pedestrian travel in youth: Differences by gender, race-ethnicity and household attributes
214 Citations2007Jacqueline Kerr, Lawrence D. Frank +2 more
American Journal of Preventive MedicineObesogenic Neighborhood Environments, Child and Parent Obesity
193 Citations2012Brian E. Saelens, James F. Sallis +7 more
Findings support the proposed GIS-based definitions of obesogenic neighborhoods for children and parents that consider both physical activity and nutrition environment features.
Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineStatewide Prevalence and Correlates of Walking and Bicycling to School
179 Citations2003Kelly R. Evenson, Sara L. Huston +3 more
This study examines the prevalence and correlates of walking and bicycling to school among middle and high school youth in the United States and finds that participating in physical education 1 to 4 days per week or never having an adult at home immediately after school was associated with walking or bicycles to school.
Health & PlaceThe link between obesity and the built environment. Evidence from an ecological analysis of obesity and vehicle miles of travel in California
176 Citations2005Javier López‐Zetina, Howard Lee +1 more
This analysis adds to the growing evidence supporting the association between VMT (a measure of automobile transportation) and obesity, suggesting an urban design characterized by over dependence on motorized transportation may be related to adverse health effects.
American Journal of Preventive MedicineNational Prevalence and Correlates of Walking and Bicycling to School
167 Citations2007Sarah Levin Martin, Sarah M. Lee +1 more
More than a third of youth aged 9 to 15 years live within a mile of school, but less than half of these students walk or bike to school even 1 day per week.
Medicine & Science in Sports & ExerciseCALIBRATION OF THE COMPUTER SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS, INC. (CSA) ACCELEROMETER 256
152 Citations1997Patty S. Freedson, John R. Sirard +5 more
A new device that may be used for such purposes is the CSA accelerometer (model #7164), which allows the user to examine patterns in physical activity as well as total activity.
Medicine & Science in Sports & ExerciseValidity of PALMS GPS Scoring of Active and Passive Travel Compared with SenseCam
139 Citations2014Jordan Carlson, Marta M. Jankowska +7 more
PALMS has validity for processing GPS data to objectively measure time spent walking/running, bicycling, and in vehicle in population studies and can improve the understanding of the determinants and health outcomes of active transportation as well as its effect on physical activity.
Journal of Physical Activity and HealthCommuting by Public Transit and Physical Activity: Where You Live, Where You Work, and How You Get There
138 Citations2011Ugo Lachapelle, Larry Frank +3 more
Investments in infrastructure and service to promote commuting by transit could contribute to increased physical activity and improved health.
Preventive MedicineEnvironmental and demographic correlates of bicycling
137 Citations2013James F. Sallis, Terry L. Conway +5 more
Implementing measures to improve bicyclists' safety from cars would primarily benefit racial-ethnic groups who cycle less but have higher rates of chronic diseases, as well as those who currently feel least safe bicycling.
Medicine & Science in Sports & ExerciseNeighborhood Environment and Psychosocial Correlates of Adults’ Physical Activity
128 Citations2011Brian E. Saelens, James F. Sallis +6 more
Environmental factors, particularly the availability of proximal nonresidential destinations designed for pedestrian access, were related to adults' physical activity and walking after accounting for psychosocial and demographic correlates, including reasons for residential selection.
Transport ReviewsQuantifying the Difference Between Self-Reported and Global Positioning Systems-Measured Journey Durations: A Systematic Review
114 Citations2013Paul Kelly, Patricia Jasmin Krenn +3 more
The findings suggest that when using self-reported journey behaviour, the journey durations should be treated as an over-estimation, rather than the average trip duration from each measure.
Medicine & Science in Sports & ExerciseWalking Objectively Measured
76 Citations2013Bumjoon Kang, Anne Vernez Moudon +3 more
An algorithm to classify accelerometer data as walking or nonwalking using either GPS or travel diary data within a large sample of adults under free-living conditions is developed and tested.
British Journal of Sports MedicineFood outlet visits, physical activity and body weight: variations by gender and race–ethnicity
74 Citations2008Lawrence D. Frank, Jacqueline Kerr +4 more
Obesity influences of physical activity, walkability, and where people go for food differ significantly across gender and ethnicity and offer important policy implications and insights for future research.
Environmental Health InsightsPerformances of Different Global Positioning System Devices for Time-Location Tracking in Air Pollution Epidemiological Studies
69 Citations2010Jun Wu, Chengsheng Jiang +4 more
Several GPS devices showed promising performance for tracking subjects’ time location patterns in epidemiological studies and compared GPS locations to highly-resolved US Geological Survey and Digital Orthophoto Quarter Quadrangle maps.