Alternative pre-mRNA splicing and proteome expansion in metazoans
NaturePublished 1 July 2002
Tom Maniatis, Bosiljka Tasic
Citations769
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score18.29
SNIP10.16
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
TL;DR
Alternative pre-mRNA splicing selectively joins different protein coding elements to form mRNAs that encode proteins with distinct functions, and is therefore an important source of protein diversity.
Abstract
The protein coding sequences of most eukaryotic messenger RNA precursors (pre-mRNAs) are interrupted by non-coding sequences called introns. Pre-mRNA splicing is the process by which introns are removed and the protein coding elements assembled into mature mRNAs. Alternative pre-mRNA splicing selectively joins different protein coding elements to form mRNAs that encode proteins with distinct functions, and is therefore an important source of protein diversity. The elaboration of this mechanism may have had a significant role in the expansion of metazoan proteomes during evolution.
Keywords
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
NatureInitial sequencing and analysis of the human genome
24,579 Citations2001Eric S. Lander, Lauren Linton +250 more
The results of an international collaboration to produce and make freely available a draft sequence of the human genome are reported and an initial analysis is presented, describing some of the insights that can be gleaned from the sequence.
Nature Reviews GeneticsListening to silence and understanding nonsense: exonic mutations that affect splicing
2,186 Citations2002Luca Cartegni, Shern L. Chew +1 more
As the splicing mechanisms that depend on exonic signals are elucidated, new therapeutic approaches to treating certain genetic diseases can begin to be explored.
ScienceComparative Genomics of the Eukaryotes
1,701 Citations2000Gerald M. Rubin, Mark Yandell +54 more
The fly has orthologs to 177 of the 289 human disease genes examined and provides the foundation for rapid analysis of some of the basic processes involved in human disease.
Annual Review of BiochemistryhnRNP PROTEINS AND THE BIOGENESIS OF mRNA
1,510 Citations1993Gideon Dreyfuss, Michael J. Matunis +2 more
The hnRNP Proteins Definition and Experimental Criteria and Posttranslational Modifications are described.
CellAlternative reading frames of the INK4a tumor suppressor gene encode two unrelated proteins capable of inducing cell cycle arrest
1,495 Citations1995Dawn E. Ouelle, Frédérique Zindy +2 more
The INK4a gene encodes an inhibitor of the cyclin D-dependent kinases CDK4 and CDK6 that blocks them from phosphorylating the retinoblastoma protein and prevents exit from the G1 phase of the cell cycle.
Human GeneticsThe mutational spectrum of single base-pair substitutions in mRNA splice junctions of human genes: Causes and consequences
1,350 Citations1992Michael Krawczak, Jochen Reiss +1 more
Evidence is presented that indicates that, at least for 5′ splice site mutations, crypticSplice site usage is favoured under conditions where (1) a number of such sites are present in the immediate vicinity and (2) these sites exhibit sufficient homology to thesplice site consensus sequence for them to be able to compete successfully with the mutated splice sites.
Nature GeneticsA genomic view of alternative splicing
1,313 Citations2002Barmak Modrek, Christopher Lee
A community-based effort to discover and characterize alternative splice forms comprehensively throughout the human genome is recommended.
Trends in GeneticsAlternative splicing: increasing diversity in the proteomic world
1,233 Citations2001Brenton R. Graveley
It is becoming clear that alternative splicing has an extremely important role in expanding protein diversity and might therefore partially underlie the apparent discrepancy between gene number and organismal complexity.
NatureAn extensive network of coupling among gene expression machines
1,128 Citations2002Tom Maniatis, Robin Reed
The extensive coupling is consistent with a model in which the machines are tethered to each other to form ‘gene expression factories’ that maximize the efficiency and specificity of each step in gene expression.
CellMechanical Devices of the Spliceosome: Motors, Clocks, Springs, and Things
1,126 Citations1998Jonathan P. Staley, Christine Guthrie
This work aims to provide a history of canine coronavirus infection in the context of central giant cell granuloma and aims to establish a cause-and-effect relationship between infection and disease progression.
CellDrosophila Dscam Is an Axon Guidance Receptor Exhibiting Extraordinary Molecular Diversity
1,121 Citations2000Dietmar Schmucker, James C. Clemens +6 more
CDNA and genomic analyses reveal the existence of multiple forms of Dscam with a conserved architecture containing variable Ig and transmembrane domains, which may contribute to the specificity of neuronal connectivity.
Journal of Biological ChemistryExon Recognition in Vertebrate Splicing
1,084 Citations1995Susan M. Berget
RNASorting out the complexity of SR protein functions
1,061 Citations2000Brenton R. Graveley
This review discusses recent advances in understanding the diverse functions of SR proteins in metazoan pre-mRNA splicing and presents a model that takes these new findings into account.
Trends in Biochemical SciencesAlternative pre-mRNA splicing: the logic of combinatorial control
895 Citations2000Christopher W. J. Smith, Juan Valcárcel
Alternative splicing of mRNA precursors is a versatile mechanism of gene expression regulation that accounts for a considerable proportion of proteomic complexity in higher eukaryotes.
Current Opinion in Cell BiologyhnRNP complexes: composition, structure, and function
800 Citations1999Annette M. Krecic, Maurice S. Swanson
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins are predominantly nuclear RNA-binding proteins that form complexes with RNA polymerase II transcripts that function in a staggering array of cellular activities, ranging from transcription and pre-mRNA processing in the nucleus to cytoplasmic mRNA translation and turnover.
Trends in Biochemical SciencesExonic splicing enhancers: mechanism of action, diversity and role in human genetic diseases
685 Citations2000B J Blencowe
This work has suggested that many human genetic diseases linked to mutations within exons might be caused by the inactivation of ESEs, and suggested a new model for ESE function.
Trends in GeneticsAlternative splicing: multiple control mechanisms and involvement in human disease
650 Citations2002Javier F. Cáceres, Alberto R. Kornblihtt
The roles of the SR and hnRNP families of proteins are discussed, which focus on the role of the transcriptional machinery in the regulation of alternative splicing, and on those alterations of alternativesplicing that lead to human disease.
Annual Review of GeneticsVIVE LA DIFFÉRENCE: Males vs Females in Flies vs Worms
610 Citations1996Thomas W. Cline, Barbara J Meyer
This review compares and contrast the strategies used for sex determination between "the fly" and "the worm" and the way this understanding has come about and striking similarities have been found in the genetic strategies used by these two species to differentiate their sexes.
Nature GeneticsAlternative splicing and genome complexity
542 Citations2001David Brett, Heike Pospisil +3 more
It is shown, using large-scale expressed sequence tag (EST) analysis, that among seven different eukaryotes the amount of alternative splicing is comparable, with no large differences between humans and other animals.
Current Opinion in Cell BiologyPre-mRNA splicing in the new millennium
486 Citations2001Michelle L. Hastings, Adrian R. Krainer
The past year has witnessed refinements in models of spliceosome assembly pathways and in the understanding of how splicing factors of the serine/arginine-rich protein family function.
Nature GeneticsA mechanism for exon skipping caused by nonsense or missense mutations in BRCA1 and other genes
474 Citations2001Hong‐Xiang Liu, Luca Cartegni +2 more
It is shown here that inappropriate exon skipping can be reproduced in vitro, and results from disruption of a splicing enhancer in the coding sequence, arguing against a nuclear reading-frame scanning mechanism for NAS.
NatureSex in flies: the splice of life
467 Citations1989Bruce S. Baker
In the fruit-fly Drosophila melanogaster, differential splicing of a hierarchy of regulatory genes determines sex, and thus the molecular biology of sex determination in the Fruit-fly may lead to insights into the mechanisms by which alternative splicing is regulated.
The LancetProteomics: new perspectives, new biomedical opportunities
450 Citations2000Rosamonde E. Banks, Michael J. Dünn +5 more
This review describes the underlying technology and illustrates several areas of biomedical research, ranging from pathogenesis of neurological disorders to drug and vaccine design, in which potential clinical applications are being explored.
NatureExperimental annotation of the human genome using microarray technology
442 Citations2001Daniel Shoemaker, Eric E. Schadt +33 more
Using ‘exon’ and ‘tiling’ arrays fabricated by ink-jet oligonucleotide synthesis, an experimental approach is devised to validate and refine computational gene predictions and define full-length transcripts on the basis of co-regulated expression of their exons.
Nucleic Acids ResearchIntron—exon structures of eukaryotic model organisms
430 Citations1999Manyuan Long, Michael Deutsch
The variable intron-exon structures of the 10 model organisms reveal two interesting statistical phenomena, which cast light on some previous speculations about genome size and intron size.
CellA Conserved mRNA Export Machinery Coupled to pre-mRNA Splicing
400 Citations2002Robin Reed, Ed Hurt
This work has shown that the export of mRNAs is coupled to upstream steps in gene expression, such as pre-mRNA splicing, and to downstream events, including nonsense-mediated decay.
Molecular CellExon Identity Established through Differential Antagonism between Exonic Splicing Silencer-Bound hnRNP A1 and Enhancer-Bound SR Proteins
389 Citations2001Jun Zhu, Akila Mayeda +1 more
The differential antagonism between a negative and two positive regulators exemplifies how inclusion of an alternative exon can be modulated.
Molecular and Cellular BiologyPolypyrimidine Tract Binding Protein Antagonizes Exon Definition
373 Citations2001Eric J. Wagner, Mariano A. García-Blanco
It is proposed here that PTB multimerization sequesters these exons to prevent exon definition, likely critical not only to prevent inclusion of pseudo-exons but also to set up cell-type-specific exondefinition.
DevelopmentStructure, function and evolution of sex-determining systems in Dipteran insects
352 Citations2000Corina Schütt, Rolf Nöthiger
The results show that sex-determining cascades, in comparison to other regulatory pathways, evolve much more rapidly.
Trends in GeneticsNeurexins: Three genes and 1001 products
350 Citations1998Markus Missler, Thomas C. Südhof
The properties of the neurexin protein family are described and their potential roles in neuronal cell adhesion and intercellular signaling are described.
Genes & DevelopmentA new regulatory protein, KSRP, mediates exon inclusion through an intronic splicing enhancer.
330 Citations1997Hosung Min, Christoph W. Turck +2 more
Progress in NeurobiologyAlternative RNA splicing in the nervous system
329 Citations2001Paula J. Grabowski, Douglas L. Black
Substantial progress has been made in showing that alternative splicing is of major importance in generating proteomic diversity, and in modulating protein activities in a temporal and spatial manner.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences<i>Htra2-β</i> <i>1</i> stimulates an exonic splicing enhancer and can restore full-length <i>SMN</i> expression to <i>survival motor neuron</i> 2 ( <i>SMN2</i> )
312 Citations2000Yvonne Hofmann, Christian L. Lorson +3 more
Because all SMA patients retain at least one SMN2 copy, these results show that an in vivo modulation of SMN RNA processing could serve as a therapeutic strategy to prevent SMA.
Molecular CellCoupling of Transcription with Alternative Splicing
309 Citations1999P. Cramer, Javier F. Cáceres +5 more
It is reported that the SR proteins SF2/ASF and 9G8 stimulate EDI splicing in vivo and that their effect requires an intact EDI ESE, suggesting that the transcription machinery modulates their recruitment to the ESE.
Current Opinion in Genetics & DevelopmentInitial splice-site recognition and pairing during pre-mRNA splicing
281 Citations1996Robin Reed
Highlights include the demonstration that exonic enhancers can promote trans splicing and that an excess of the serine and arginine rich family of splicing proteins can obviate the requirement for U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle in splicing.
Molecular CellComposition and Functional Characterization of the Yeast Spliceosomal Penta-snRNP
267 Citations2002Scott W. Stevens, Daniel E. Ryan +5 more
This work characterized a 45S yeast penta-snRNP which contains all five spliceosomal snRNAs and over 60 pre-mRNA splicing factors and proposes that the spliceo-snRNPs associate prior to binding of a pre- mRNA substrate rather than with pre-MRNA via stepwise addition of discrete snRNPs.
Nature Reviews GeneticsThe many roles of an RNA editor
253 Citations2001Liam P. Keegan, Angela Gallo +1 more
The availability of complete genome sequences has made it clear that gene number is not the sole determinant of the complexity of the proteome.
Molecular CellCrystal Structure of a Pumilio Homology Domain
251 Citations2001Xiaoqiang Wang, Phillip D. Zamore +1 more
The distribution of side chains on the inner and outer faces of this half doughnut suggests that the inner face of the PUM-HD binds RNA while the outer face interacts with proteins such as Nanos, Brain Tumor, and cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein.
NatureA CaMK IV responsive RNA element mediates depolarization-induced alternative splicing of ion channels
251 Citations2001Jiuyong Xie, Douglas L. Black
A CaMK IV-responsive RNA element (CaRRE) is defined, which mediates the alternative splicing of ion channel pre-mRNAs and presents a unique molecular target for inducing long-term adaptive changes in cellular electrical properties.
Current Opinion in Cell BiologyMechanisms of fidelity in pre-mRNA splicing
249 Citations2000Robin Reed
The discoveries that the splicing factor U2AF recognizes the AG dinucleotide at the 3' splice site early in spliceosome assembly, that a DEAD-box ATPase, Prp28, triggers specific rearrangements of the splicesome, and that thesplicing factor hSlu7 functions in the fidelity of AG choice during catalytic step II of splicing are made.
Genes & DevelopmentAssembly of specific SR protein complexes on distinct regulatory elements of the Drosophila doublesex splicing enhancer.
238 Citations1996Kristen W. Lynch, Tom Maniatis
Tra2, which contains a single RNA binding domain, can recognize distinct sequences in the repeats and the PRE in conjunction with specific SR proteins, and these observations show that the protein composition of each complex is determined by the RNA recognition sequence and specific interactions between SR proteins and Tra and Tra2.
Nucleic Acids ResearchDBTSS: DataBase of human Transcriptional Start Sites and full-length cDNAs
218 Citations2002Yasuhiro Suzuki
This study further constructed human cDNA libraries enriched in clones containing the cap structure to systematically explore the 5' end structure of expressed genes and mapped each sequence on the human draft genome sequence to identify its transcriptional start site, which provides more detailed information on distribution patterns of transcriptionalstart sites and adjacent regulatory regions.
Nature BiotechnologyProfiling alternative splicing on fiber-optic arrays
209 Citations2002Joanne M. Yeakley, Jian‐Bing Fan +6 more
A sensitive and specific assay for parallel analysis of mRNA isoforms on a fiber-optic microarray platform that permits analysis of RNA transcripts without prior RNA purification or cDNA synthesis is described.
Molecular and Cellular BiologyMultiple Splicing Defects in an Intronic False Exon
207 Citations2000Hanzhen Sun, Lawrence A. Chasin
The results support the idea that exon-bridging enhancers are not a prerequisite for constitutive exon definition and suggest that intrinsically defective splice sites and negative elements play important roles in distinguishing the real splicing signal from the vast number of false splicing signals.
Molecular and Cellular BiologyMultiple Distinct Splicing Enhancers in the Protein-Coding Sequences of a Constitutively Spliced Pre-mRNA
195 Citations1999Thomas Schaal, Tom Maniatis
These studies provide the first direct evidence that SR protein-specific splicing enhancers are located within the coding regions of constitutively spliced pre-mRNAs, and it is proposed that these enhancers function as multisite spliced enhancers to specify 3′ splice-site selection.
GenomicsAnalysis of the Human Neurexin Genes: Alternative Splicing and the Generation of Protein Diversity
183 Citations2002Lee Rowen, Janet M. Young +9 more
The complete nucleotide sequence of all three human neurexin genes is determined and several conserved intronic sequence elements that may participate in the regulation of alternative splicing are identified.
Trends in GeneticsTrans-splicing and polycistronic transcription in Caenohabditis elegans
177 Citations1995Thomas Blumenthal
Caenorhabditis elegans engages in three distinct versions of nuclear pre-mRNA splicing: cis-splice of introns and two kinds of trans-splicing that result in the addition of two different spliced leaders onto mRNAs.
GeneCo-transcriptional splicing of pre-messenger RNAs: considerations for the mechanism of alternative splicing
168 Citations2001Aaron C. Goldstrohm, Arno L. Greenleaf +1 more
A model for co-transcriptional pre-mRNA processing that incorporates the concepts of splice site-tethering and dynamic exon definition is proposed and a dynamic view of the alternative splicing of FGF-R2 is presented, suggesting that this view could be generally applicable to many regulated splicing events.
CellSplicing Regulation at the Second Catalytic Step by Sex-lethal Involves 3′ Splice Site Recognition by SPF45
164 Citations2002Marı́a José Lallena, Kevin J. Chalmers +3 more
It is shown that U2AF interacts with the Py-tract and downstream AG, whereas the spliceosomal protein SPF45 interacting with the upstream AG and activates it for the second catalytic step of the splicing reaction.
Nature reviews. NeuroscienceThe splice of life: Alternative splicing and neurological disease
160 Citations2001B. Kate Dredge, Alexandros D. Polydorides +1 more
Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation ResearchThe association of nonsense codons with exon skipping
157 Citations1998C. R. Valentine
Most cases of exon skipping associated with premature termination codons may be adequately explained either by a structural effect on exon definition or by nonquantitative methods to measure mRNA, rather than an effect on a putative nuclear scanning mechanism.
Molecular CellSC35 Plays a Role in T Cell Development and Alternative Splicing of CD45
156 Citations2001Huan‐You Wang, Xiangdong Xu +3 more
It is reported that Cre-mediated conditional deletion of the prototypical SR protein SC35 in the thymus causes a defect in T cell maturation, and a critical role of SC35 is revealed in a T cell-specific regulated splicing pathway.
Molecular and Cellular BiologyA Model System for Activation-Induced Alternative Splicing of CD45 Pre-mRNA in T Cells Implicates Protein Kinase C and Ras
147 Citations2000Kristen W. Lynch, Arthur Weiss
A novel cell line-based model system in which it is shown that activation of protein kinase C and activation of Ras are important for the switch toward the exclusion of CD45 variable exons, whereas events related to Ca2+ flux are not.
Molecular and Cellular BiologySubstrate Specificities of SR Proteins in Constitutive Splicing Are Determined by Their RNA Recognition Motifs and Composite Pre-mRNA Exonic Elements
146 Citations1999Akila Mayeda, Gavin Screaton +3 more
Journal of Biological ChemistryIntergenic mRNA Molecules Resulting fromtrans-Splicing
140 Citations2002Csaba Finta, Peter G. Zaphiropoulos
It is shown that mRNA production may not necessarily be limited to single genes, as human liver also has the potential to produce a variety of hybrid cytochrome P450 3A mRNA molecules.
RNAPUF60: A novel U2AF65-related splicing activity
140 Citations1999Patrick Page-McCaw, KEVIN AMONLIRDVIMAN +1 more
A new pyrimidine-tract binding factor, PUF, that is required, together with U2AF, for efficient reconstitution of RNA splicing in vitro and facilitates the association of U2 snRNP with the pre-mRNA.
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesNatural trans <i>-</i> splicing in carnitine octanoyltransferase pre-mRNAs in rat liver
137 Citations1998C. Caudevilla, Dolors Serra +5 more
Analysis by Western blot of the COT proteins by using specific antibodies showed that two proteins corresponding to the expected Mr are present in rat peroxisomes, the first time that a natural trans-splicing reaction has been demonstrated in mammalian cells.
Current Opinion in Structural BiologyRecent advances in RNA–protein recognition
131 Citations2001José Manuel Pérez‐Cañadillas, Gabriele Varani
X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy have provided structures for all major classes of RNA-binding proteins, both alone and complexed with RNA.
Genome ResearchAlternate Polyadenylation in Human mRNAs: A Large-Scale Analysis by EST Clustering
129 Citations1998Daniel Gautheret, Olivier Poirot +3 more
This study demonstrates that, besides quantitative aspects of gene expression, the distribution of alternate mRNA forms can be analyzed through EST sampling.
Genome ResearchPredicting Splice Variant from DNA Chip Expression Data
120 Citations2001Gang Ken Hu, Steven J. Madore +5 more
The study indicates that oligonucleotide probe-based DNA chip assays provide a powerful approach to detect splice variants at genome scale.
Journal of Biological ChemistryHuman Acyl-CoA:Cholesterol Acyltransferase-1 (ACAT-1) Gene Organization and Evidence That the 4.3-Kilobase ACAT-1 mRNA Is Produced from Two Different Chromosomes
114 Citations1999Bo-Liang Li, Xia-Lu Li +11 more
Results are consistent with the interpretation that the 4.3-kb mRNA is produced from two different chromosomes, by a novel RNA recombination mechanism involving trans-splicing of two discontinuous precursor RNAs.
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesTransgene analysis proves mRNA trans-splicing at the complex <i>mod(mdg4)</i> locus in <i>Drosophila</i>
111 Citations2001Rainer Dorn, Günter Reuter +1 more
The Drosophila BTB domain containing gene mod(mdg4) represents a new type of comlpex gene structure in which genetic complexity is resolved by extensive trans-splicing, giving important implications for genome sequencing projects.
Journal of Biological ChemistryAlternative processing of androgen-binding protein RNA transcripts in fetal rat liver. Identification of a transcript formed by trans splicing.
101 Citations1991Patrick M. Sullivan, Peter Petrusz +2 more
A transient expression of ABP in hepatocytes during the time of testosterone-dependent differentiation of the Wolffian duct is demonstrated and results indicate that the joining of the two domains was by a trans (donor and acceptor)-splicing mechanism.
Genes & DevelopmentThe neuron-specific RNA-binding protein ELAV regulates <i>neuroglian</i> alternative splicing in neurons and binds directly to its pre-mRNA
99 Citations2001Michael J. Lisbin, Jan Qiu +1 more
It is shown that the nrg alternatively spliced intron (nASI) has all the determinants required to recreate proper neural-specific RNA processing seen with the endogenous nrg transcript, including regulation by ELAV, suggesting that ELAV regulates nrg alternative splicing by direct interaction with the nASI.
NeuronDopamine and Glutamate Induce Distinct Striatal Splice Forms of Ania-6, an RNA Polymerase II-Associated Cyclin
99 Citations2001Joshua D. Berke, Véronique Sgambato +5 more
It is shown that a gene induced in the striatum by cocaine or direct dopamine stimulation, ania-6, is a member of a novel family of cyclins with homology to cyclins K/T/H/C, which may differentially modulate nuclear RNA processing through altered transcription and splicing.
Journal of Biological ChemistrySerine-Arginine (SR) Protein-like Factors That Antagonize Authentic SR Proteins and Regulate Alternative Splicing
95 Citations2001Alison E. Cowper, Javier F. Cáceres +2 more
It is proposed that these two RNA-binding proteins are SR protein-like alternative splicing regulators that antagonize authentic SR proteins in the modulation of alternative 5′ splice site choice.
European Journal of NeuroscienceActivity‐dependent regulation of alternative splicing patterns in the rat brain
94 Citations1999Rosette Daoud, Maria da Penha Berzaghi +3 more
Using an antibody directed against the major human transformer‐2 beta isoform, it is shown that it has a widespread expression in the rat brain and activity‐dependent changes in alternative splicing of the clathrin light chain B, c‐src and NMDAR1 genes are observed, indicating that the coordinated change ofAlternative splicing patterns might contribute to molecular plasticity in the brain.
Developmental Cellhalf pint Regulates Alternative Splice Site Selection in Drosophila
91 Citations2002Cheryl Van Buskirk, Trudi Schüpbach
It is found that hfp encodes the Drosophila ortholog of human PUF60 and functions in both constitutive and alternative splicing in vivo and can rescue the ovarian phenotypes of hfp.
NeuronSplicing in the Inner Ear: a Familiar Tune, but What Are the Instruments?
87 Citations1998Douglas L. Black
Slo Splicing: A Theme with 576 Variations repolarize and hence the frequency at which the memAlternative pre-mRNA splicing is a central mechanism brane potential can oscillate and a sense of the larger biological role of alterprotein to calcium was altered by certain alternatively.
Molecular CellThe Function of Multisite Splicing Enhancers
80 Citations1998Klemens J. Hertel, Tom Maniatis
It is shown that the rate and efficiency of splicing increases linearly, rather than synergistically, as the number of identical or nonidentical enhancer elements present on pre-mRNA is increased.
Trends in GeneticsEvolutionary origin of SL-addition trans-splicing: still an enigma
78 Citations2001Timothy W. Nilsen
It remains unclear whether this unusual type of splicing is an ancestral or an acquired trait, but recent studies show that two additional metazoan phyla carry out SL trans -splicing, significantly increasing its phylogenetic range.
Molecular CellModulation of P-Element Pre-mRNA Splicing by a Direct Interaction between PSI and U1 snRNP 70K Protein
76 Citations2001Emmanuel Labourier, Melissa D. Adams +1 more
These data show that the processing of specific target transcripts, such as the P-element mRNA, is regulated by a functional PSI-U1 snRNP interaction in Drosophila.
Journal of Biological ChemistryNovel Alternative Splicing and Nuclear Localization of HumanRGS12 Gene Products
75 Citations2000Tapan K. Chatterjee, Rory A. Fisher
NatureProtein encoding by both DNA strands
73 Citations2001Mariano Labrador, Fabien Mongélard +4 more
Structural evidence is presented showing that the protein-coding information of the modifier of mdg4 (mod(mdg4)) gene of the fruitfly Drosophila is provided by both of its complementary DNA strands, and not by just one.
FEBS LettersTrans‐splicing of a voltage‐gated sodium channel is regulated by nerve growth factor
73 Citations1999Armen N. Akopian, Kenji Okuse +4 more
The identification of an SNS transcript (SNS‐A) that contains an exact repeat of exons 12, 13 and 14 encoding a partial repeat of domain II is reported, the first example of trans‐splicing in the vertebrate nervous system.
The EMBO JournalExperimental evidence for RNA trans‐splicing in mammalian cells.
70 Citations1995J. Eul, M. Graessmann +1 more
Evidence is presented that mammalian cells have the ability to generate functional mRNA molecules by trans‐splicing, although the cells do not have a direct sequence homology for the T1 antigen at the DNA level.
Nucleic Acids ResearchFANTOM DB: database of Functional Annotation of RIKEN Mouse cDNA Clones
63 Citations2002Hidemasa Bono
FANTOM DB, the database of Functional Annotation of RIKEN Mouse cDNA Clones, is designed to store sequence information of Riken full-length enriched mouse cDNA clones, graphical views of sequence analysis results, curated functional annotation information and additional descriptions, including Gene Ontology terms.
The Journal of ImmunologyRegulation of Alternative Splicing of CD45 by Antagonistic Effects of SR Protein Splicing Factors
63 Citations2000Gerdy B. ten Dam, Christian F. Zilch +5 more
It is shown that specific SR proteins have antagonistic effects on CD45 splicing, leading either to exon inclusion or skipping, and specific changes in the SR protein expression pattern during T cell activation are demonstrated.
Journal of Biological ChemistryHeterogeneous Sp1 mRNAs in Human HepG2 Cells Include a Product of Homotypic trans-Splicing
61 Citations2000Terunao Takahara, Shin-ichi Kanazu +2 more
Isolation of a genomic clone established that one of the cDNAs represents the mRNA having consecutive alignment of exons, which allowed deducing the complete amino acid sequence for human Sp1.
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesExon repetition in mRNA
56 Citations1999Simon Frantz, Amrik S. Thiara +4 more
It is concluded that nonlinear mRNA processing can generate tissue-specific transcripts in transcripts of a rat gene (SA) with a normal exon-intron organization.
Current BiologySR proteins are ‘locators’ of the RNA splicing machinery
49 Citations1999Brenton R. Graveley, Klemens J. Hertel +1 more
The Journal of ImmunologyMultiple types of chimeric germ-line Ig heavy chain transcripts in human B cells: evidence for trans-splicing of human Ig RNA
48 Citations1996Shigeharu Fujieda, Yuanxiang Lin +2 more
Results provide possible evidence that trans-splicing of germ-line Ig RNA transcripts occurs in human B cells.
European Journal of BiochemistryA<i>trans</i>‐acting factor, isolated by the three‐hybrid system, that influences alternative splicing of the amyloid precursor protein minigene
37 Citations2000Andrej Poleev, Annette M. Hartmann +1 more
It is concluded that clone AF169013 and its counterpart in human CUG-BP could be the trans-acting factors that interact with the splicing enhancer downstream of exon 8, and in this way influence alternative splicing of the APP minigene.
The FASEB JournalSynthesis and regulation of trans-mRNA encoding the immunoglobulin epsilon heavy chain.
29 Citations1993Akira Shimizu, T Honjo
The detected immunoglobulin heavy‐chain trans‐mRNA of the ∊ class is detected in which the variable region of the human transgenic μ chain is correctly spliced to the first exon of the endogenous mouse ∊ constant region, consistent with the previous hypothesis that trans-mRNA is synthesized by a trans‐splicing mechanism.
Nucleic Acids ResearchLocalization of an exonic splicing enhancer responsible for mammalian natural trans-splicing
27 Citations2001C. Caudevilla
It is concluded that GAAGAAG is an exonic splicing enhancer that could induce natural trans-splicing in rat COT.
PubMedC-myb proto-oncogene: evidence for intermolecular recombination of coding sequences.
26 Citations1991Michel Vellard, J. Soret +5 more
Sequencing data obtained from genomic DNA and PCR analyses performed with c-myb mRNA species expressed in chicken thymic cells strongly suggest that a repeated decameric sequence plays a key role in the recombination process.
Genes to CellsSomatic mutations of synaptic cadherin (<i>CNR</i> family) transcripts in the nervous system
23 Citations2001Teruyoshi Hirayama, Hidehiko Sugino +1 more
Somatic regulation of the CNR family genes in the nervous system was examined to determine whether a similar mechanism controls nervous system development.
FEBS LettersHeterologous HIV‐nef mRNA <i>trans</i>‐splicing: a new principle how mammalian cells generate hybrid mRNA and protein molecules
21 Citations2001C. Caudevilla, Luis Da Silva‐Azevedo +4 more
Experimental evidence is presented that the proximal segment of the HIV‐nef RNA segment can be trans‐spliced to both viral (e.g. SV40 T‐antigen) and cellular transcripts.
Journal of Cell ScienceEctopic expression of<i>Drosophila</i>ELAV and human HuD in<i>Drosophila</i>wing disc cells reveals functional distinctions and similarities
21 Citations2002Gakuta Toba, Jan Qui +2 more
Both ectopically expressed ELAV and HuD can enhance expression of transgenes with the Hsp70Ab 3'UTR, but not of trans genes with Act5C 3' UTR; this enhancement is accompanied by an increase in mRNA level; only ELAV can induce neural-specific splicing of nASI; and although HuD is localized primarily to the cytoplasm, ELAV is localized to both the cy toplasm and the nucleus.
CellEstimating the Human Gene Count
18 Citations2002Mark J. Daly
It is suggested that the predicted gene lists contain fewer doubts about the estimate of the total number of human genes than would be obtained simply by taking their protein-coding genes provided by the International Huunion.
Trends in Biochemical SciencesResources for full-length cDNAs
9 Citations2002Troels Zakarias Kristiansen, Akhilesh Pandey
Nature BiotechnologyPublish and be damned
5 Citations2002
The aim of this study is to examine how two cases of assault against Swedish politicians have been covered in the largest Swedish newspapers, and the most viewed/listened to newscasts on TV and radio.
…