Depression and immune function
Journal of Psychosomatic ResearchPublished 1 October 2002
Janice K. Kiecolt‐Glaser, Ronald Glaser
Citations559
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score1.31
SNIP1.10
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
TL;DR
Evidence suggesting that depression contributes to disease and death through immune dysregulation and direct and indirect processes pose the greatest health risks for older adults who already show age-related increases in proinflammatory cytokine production are reviewed.
Abstract
These direct and indirect processes pose the greatest health risks for older adults who already show age-related increases in proinflammatory cytokine production. Thus, aging interacts with depression to enhance risks for morbidity and mortality.
Keywords
MedicineNeuroscience
New England Journal of MedicineInflammation, Aspirin, and the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Apparently Healthy Men
5,527 Citations1997Paul M. Ridker, Mary Cushman +3 more
JAMAC-Reactive Protein, Interleukin 6, and Risk of Developing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
4,431 Citations2001Aruna D. Pradhan
Elevated levels of CRP and IL-6 predict the development of type 2 DM, and data support a possible role for inflammation in diabetogenesis.
JAMAEffect of Statin Therapy on C-Reactive Protein Levels
1,645 Citations2001Michelle A. Albert, Ellie Danielson +3 more
In this prospective trial, pravastatin reduced CRP levels at both 12 and 24 weeks in a largely LDL-C-independent manner, providing evidence that statins may have anti-inflammatory effects in addition to lipid-lowering effects.
The American Journal of MedicineAssociations of elevated Interleukin-6 and C-Reactive protein levels with mortality in the elderly
1,482 Citations1999Tamara B. Harris, Luigi Ferrucci +7 more
Higher circulating levels of interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein were associated with mortality in this population-based sample of healthy older persons, and these measures may be useful for identification of high-risk subgroups for anti-inflammatory interventions.
Annual Review of MedicineAge-Associated Increased Interleukin-6 Gene Expression, Late-Life Diseases, and Frailty
1,276 Citations2000William B. Ershler, Evan T. Keller
It is possible that certain clinically important late-life changes are due to an inappropriate presence of IL-6, and this overview discusses the data relatingIL-6 to age-associated diseases and to frailty.
Psychological BulletinEmotion, plasticity, context, and regulation: Perspectives from affective neuroscience.
1,261 Citations2000Richard J. Davidson, Daren C. Jackson +1 more
Annals of Internal MedicineThe Pathophysiologic Roles of Interleukin-6 in Human Disease
1,150 Citations1998Dimitris A. Papanicolaou, Ronald L. Wilder +2 more
What makes interleukin-6 particularly interesting to physicians is its marked pleiotropy and its involvement not only in inflammation but in the regulation of endocrine and metabolic functions.
The LancetSlowing of wound healing by psychological stress
1,101 Citations1995Janice K. Kiecolt‐Glaser, P.T. Marucha +3 more
The effects of psychological stress, caused by caring for a relative with Alzheimer's disease, on wound healing are investigated and stress-related defects in wound repair could have important clinical implications, for instance for recovery from surgery.
Journal of the American Geriatrics SocietySerum IL‐6 Level and the Development of Disability in Older Persons
806 Citations1999Luigi Ferrucci, Tamara B. Harris +8 more
This work tested the hypothesis that high levels of IL‐6 predict future disability in older persons who are not disabled, and found that it does not.
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesChronic stress alters the immune response to influenza virus vaccine in older adults.
795 Citations1996Janice K. Kiecolt‐Glaser, Ronald Glaser +3 more
It is demonstrated that down-regulation of the immune response to influenza virus vaccination is associated with a chronic stressor in the elderly, which could have implications for vulnerability to infection among older adults.
CytokineTHE EFFECTS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESS ON HUMANS: INCREASED PRODUCTION OF PRO-INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES AND Th1-LIKE RESPONSE IN STRESS-INDUCED ANXIETY
763 Citations1998Michaël Maes, Cai Song +12 more
It is suggested that changes in the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IFN-gamma, and negative immunoregulatory cytokine,IL-10 and IL-4, take part in the homeostatic responses to psychological stress and that stress-induced anxiety is related to a T-helper-1-like response.
CytokineINCREASED SERUM IL-6 AND IL-1 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST CONCENTRATIONS IN MAJOR DEPRESSION AND TREATMENT RESISTANT DEPRESSION
720 Citations1997Michaël Maes, Eugène Bosmans +4 more
Major depression and TRD are accompanied by an activation of the monocytic arm of cell-mediated immunity, and the latter may be related to the immune an acute phase response in major depression; and the above disorders may persist despite successful antidepressive treatment.
American Journal of Public HealthExploring the effect of depression on physical disability: longitudinal evidence from the established populations for epidemiologic studies of the elderly.
570 Citations1999Brenda W.J.H. Penninx, Suzanne G. Leveille +3 more
Depression in older persons may increase the risk for incident disability and this excess risk is partly explained by depressed persons' decreased physical activity and social interaction.
Archives of General PsychiatryMinor and Major Depression and the Risk of Death in Older Persons
521 Citations1999Brenda W.J.H. Penninx, Sandra W. Geerlings +4 more
Even after adjustment for sociodemographics, health status, and health behaviors, minor depression in older men and major depression in both old men and women increase the risk of dying.
CirculationChronic Infections and the Risk of Carotid Atherosclerosis
511 Citations2001Stefan Kiechl, Georg Egger +9 more
Chronic infections amplified the risk of atherosclerosis development in the carotid arteries and remained independently significant after adjustment for classic vascular risk attribu...
Psychosomatic MedicineMucosal Wound Healing Is Impaired by Examination Stress
497 Citations1998Phillip T. Marucha, Janice K. Kiecolt‐Glaser +1 more
The data suggest that even something as transient, predictable, and relatively benign as examination stress can have significant consequences for wound healing, as well as evidence of one possible immunological mechanism.
The LancetChronic stress in elderly carers of dementia patients and antibody response to influenza vaccination
489 Citations1999Kavita Vedhara, Nigel KM Cox +6 more
Elderly carers of spouses with dementia have increased activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and a poor antibody response to influenza vaccine, and carers may be more vulnerable to infectious disease than the population of a similar age.
EndocrinologyExposure to physical and psychological stressors elevates plasma interleukin 6: relationship to the activation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.
481 Citations1993Daohong Zhou, Alexander W. Kusnecov +3 more
It is confirmed by showing that rats exposed to electric footshock, physical restraint, or a conditioned aversive stimulus have increased levels of plasma IL-6, and the kinetics of the increase resembled that of increase in plasma corticosterone, which suggests that increased plasmaIL-6 may be part of the hormonal responses to stress.
The Journals of Gerontology Series AThe Association of Plasma IL-6 Levels With Functional Disability in Community-Dwelling Elderly
478 Citations1997H. J. Cohen, Carl F. Pieper +3 more
This association between increased plasma IL-6 levels and functional status suggests that dysregulation ofIL-6 may be related to the functional disability seen with aging, and that IL- 6 may be useful as a component of an overall marker of health.
Annual Review of PsychologyEffects of Psychological and Social Factors on Organic Disease: A Critical Assessment of Research on Coronary Heart Disease
471 Citations2002David S. Krantz, Melissa K McCeney
It is suggested that, taken as a whole, evidence for a psychological and social impact on CAD morbidity and mortality is convincing, and continued progress in this area requires multidisciplinary research integrating expertise in cardiology and the behavioral sciences, and more effective efforts to communicate research findings to a biomedical audience.
Annals of Internal MedicineToward an Understanding of Frailty
448 Citations1999David Hamerman
An understanding of frailty is presented by describing many of its clinical correlates and considering evidence for its biological underpinnings, a way to identify frailty at its incipient stages and differentiate it from associated comorbid conditions.
The Journals of Gerontology Series ACross-sectional and Prospective Relationships of Interleukin-6 and C-Reactive Protein With Physical Performance in Elderly Persons: MacArthur Studies of Successful Aging
439 Citations2000Dennis R. Taaffe, Tamara B. Harris +3 more
Although IL- 6 has been shown to predict onset of disability in older persons and both IL-6 and CRP are associated with mortality risk, these markers of inflammation have only limited associations with physical performance, except for walking measures and grip strength at baseline, and do not predict change in performance 7 years later in a high-functioning subset of older adults.
Health PsychologyTypes of stressors that increase susceptibility to the common cold in healthy adults.
424 Citations1998Sheldon Cohen, Erica Frank +4 more
The association between chronic stressors and susceptibility to colds could not be fully explained by differences among stressed and nonstressed persons in social network characteristics, personality, health practices, or prechallenge endocrine or immune measures.
Health PsychologyTypes of stressors that increase susceptibility to the common cold in healthy adults.
385 Citations1998Sheldon Cohen, Ellen Frank +4 more
Biological PsychiatryElevated serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-6 receptor concentrations in posttraumatic stress disorder following accidental man-made traumatic events
381 Citations1999Michaël Maes, Aihua Lin +5 more
The results suggest that PTSD is associated with increased IL-6 signaling, and it is hypothesized that stress-induced secretion of proinflammatory cytokines is involved in the catecholaminergic modulation of anxiety reactions.
Psychosomatic MedicineStress-induced modulation of the immune response to recombinant hepatitis B vaccine.
362 Citations1992Ronald Glaser, Janice K. Kiecolt‐Glaser +4 more
Students who seroconverted after the first injection were significantly less stressed and anxious than those who did not seroconvert at that time, and students who reported greater social support demonstrated a stronger immune response to the vaccine at the time of the third inoculation.
The Journals of Gerontology Series ALife Stress, Mood Disturbance, and Elevated Interleukin-6 in Healthy Older Women
305 Citations1999Susan K. Lutgendorf, Linda Garand +4 more
Levels of IL-6 in three groups of healthy older women with varying levels of life stress and mood disturbance and a healthy group of young women suggest that in older women, chronic stressors are associated with significant elevations in IL- 6 over and above the elevations associated with normal aging, but that moderate stressors may not be related to appreciable elevations.
Psychosomatic MedicineChronic Stress Modulates the Immune Response to a Pneumococcal Pneumonia Vaccine
293 Citations2000Ronald Glaser, John F. Sheridan +3 more
Data provide the first evidence that chronic stress can inhibit the stability of the IgG antibody response to a bacterial vaccine for pneumonia, and provide additional evidence of health risks associated with dementia caregiving.
Journal of the American Geriatrics SocietyAssociation of Interleukin‐6 and Other Biologic Variables with Depression in Older People Living in the Community
288 Citations1999Andrew Dentino, Carl F. Pieper +5 more
The prevalence of depression increases with age, as does the prevalence of higher levels of the cytokine interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), and the association between increased levels of this cytokine and depression in a population‐based sample was determined.
Brain Behavior and ImmunityMethodological issues in behavioral immunology research with humans
283 Citations1988Janice K. Kiecolt‐Glaser, Ronald Glaser
Important methodological issues that are particularly relevant for behavioral immunology research with humans, including the assessment of such salient parameters as nutrition, drug/alcohol use, physical activity, and health are discussed.
Annals of Behavioral MedicineDepression as a risk factor for cardiac events in established coronary heart disease: A review of possible mechanisms
262 Citations1995Robert M. Carney, Kenneth E. Freedland +2 more
There is evidence that altered autonomic tone, smoking, hypertension, and, at least in older patients, poor adherence to the cardiac treatment regimen may be responsible for the adverse cardiac effects of depression.
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & MetabolismExercise and Circadian Rhythm-Induced Variations in Plasma Cortisol Differentially Regulate Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNFα) Production in Humans: High Sensitivity of TNFα and Resistance of IL-6
253 Citations1997Roel H. DeRijk, David Michelson +7 more
These studies challenge the generally accepted idea that glucocorticoids consistently suppress cytokine production and indicate a hierarchy of sensitivity, with TNF alpha having the greatest sensitivity, IL-1 beta having intermediate sensitivity, and IL-6 being resistant.
Psychosomatic MedicineTreatment of Depression With Antiglucocorticoid Drugs
205 Citations1999Owen M. Wolkowitz, Victor I. Reus
Although definitive controlled trials remain to be conducted, there is a consistent body of evidence indicating that cortisol-lowering treatments may be of clinical benefit in select individuals with major depression and other hypercortisolemic conditions.
Brain Behavior and ImmunityStress-Induced Susceptibility to Bacterial Infection During Cutaneous Wound Healing
200 Citations2002Isolde-Gina Rojas, David A. Padgett +2 more
Stress impairs bacterial clearance during wound healing, resulting in a significant increase in the incidence of opportunistic infection.
Psychiatric Clinics of North AmericaNEUROENDOCRINE AND IMMUNE SYSTEM INTERACTIONS IN STRESS AND DEPRESSION
178 Citations1998Andrew H. Miller
This article provides a foundation for integrating neuroendocrine-immune interactions into the formulation of neuropsychiatric and immunologic disease.
Molecular PsychiatryCytokines and depression: fortuitous or causative association?
175 Citations1999Robert Dantzer, E Wollman +2 more
There is an increasingly impressive database concerning the possible involvement of cytokines in depression and their role in the therapeutic effects of antidepressants, and the evidence in favor of such a possibility is summarized in a critical way.
EndocrinologyExposure to physical and psychological stressors elevates plasma interleukin 6: relationship to the activation of hypothalamic-pituitary- adrenal axis
154 Citations1993Dun‐hua Zhou
American Journal of Geriatric PsychiatryOn the Inseparability of Mental and Physical Health in Aged Persons: Lessons From Depression and Medical Comorbidity
153 Citations1996Ira R. Katz
The research literature makes a compelling case for the need to address psychiatric-medical comorbidity in late life as a central issue in public policy and the design of health care systems.
The Journals of Gerontology Series ACytokine Antagonists in Aged Subjects and Their Relation With Cellular Immunity
86 Citations1997Anna Catania, Lorena Airaghi +6 more
It is proposed that unapparent infections in aged subjects cause monocyte activation and release of cytokine antagonists, which reduces IL-2 production and the capability of T cells to proliferate, thereby inhibiting responses in the elderly.
Psychiatry ResearchInfluence of psychological stress on immune-inflammatory variables in normal humans. Part II. Altered serum concentrations of natural anti-inflammatory agents and soluble membrane antigens of monocytes and T lymphocytes
83 Citations1999Cai Song, Günter Kenis +9 more
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesCorticotropin-releasing hormone deficiency unmasks the proinflammatory effect of epinephrine
66 Citations1999Katia Karalis, Effie Kontopoulos +2 more
It is shown that CRH deficiency unmasks a major proinflammatory effect of epinephrine secreted from the adrenal medulla, and suggests that stimulation of the acute inflammatory response should be included with the other "fight-or-flight" actions ofEpinephrine.
The Journals of Gerontology Series ACytokines in Aging and Muscle Homeostasis
58 Citations1995J. O. Holloszy, J. G. Cannon
Age-related loss of muscle mass or function may be the cumulative result of repeated episodes of incomplete repair, and normal production or sensitivity to cytokines by aged cells may contribute to these changes in muscle mass and function.
Geriatric medicineImmunology and Infectious Disease
44 Citations1990Edith Burns, James S. Goodwin
A tube of venous blood provides the immunologist with millions of cells with which to study antibody production, cytotoxicity, proliferation, migration, and other characteristics that are necessary for the continued health and survival of an organism.