Enhanced stereotypies after repeated injections but not continuous amphetamines
NeuropharmacologyPublished 1 December 1978
Linda R. Nelson, Gaylord Ellison
Citations102
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score1.59
SNIP1.17
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Abstract
Immediately following repeated daily injections of d-amphetamine, rats showed enhanced motor stereotypies when injected with amphetamine or apomorphine. Other rats administered the same amount of amphetamine but in a continuous regime using silicone pellets were conversely hyperactive when initially tested with amphetamine and subsensitive to apomorphine. It is the continuous regime which most clearly produces amphetamine psychosis in humans.
Keywords
Neuroscience
ScienceDrugs, Neurotransmitters, and Schizophrenia
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carry-over of both the post-injection augmentation and dark phase reduction of locomotion was revealed during amphetamine retest 8 days following discontinuation of daily d-amphetamine injections, indicating the importance of their concurrent evaluation, especially during chronic studies.
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Surprisingly, it was found that large long-term doses of dextroamphetamine caused the subjects to feel depressed rather than elated, which suggests that while the short-term effects of deXTroamphetamine might be explained as a potentiation of catecholamines, the long- term effects of the drug may result from depletion of the central nervous system's stores ofcatecholamine.
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221 Citations1975Harold L. Klawans
Following chronic amphetamine pretreatment, guinea pigs demonstrate an increased sensitivity to both d-amphetamine sulfate- and apomorphine hydrochloride-induced stereotyped behavior, which suggests that chronic exposure to high doses of a dopamine agonist alters the response of the brain to the subsequent administration of both indirect and direct dopamine agonists.
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This late phase of constant amphetamine intoxication in rats has a number of similarities to amphetamine psychosis in humans, and can serve as a useful animal model for the study of its biochemical correlates.
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40 Citations1977Harris S. Huberman, Michael S. Eison +2 more
A slow release amphetamine pellet consisting of a silicone capsule containing d-amphetamine base in polyethylene glycol is described, which is a unique tool for the study of the behavioral and physiological effects of prolonged amphetamine intoxication.