Report of the Committee on the classification and diagnostic criteria of diabetes mellitus
Diabetology InternationalPublished 26 October 2010Open access
Yutaka Seino, Kishio Nanjo, Naoko Tajima, Takashi Kadowaki, Atsunori Kashiwagi, Eiichi Araki
Citations614
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SJR score0.42
SNIP0.61
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Abstract
Concept of diabetes mellitusDiabetes mellitus is a group of diseases associated with various metabolic disorders, the main feature of which is chronic hyperglycemia due to insufficient insulin action.Its pathogenesis involves both genetic and environmental factors.The long-term persistence of metabolic disorders can cause susceptibility to specific complications and also foster arteriosclerosis.Diabetes mellitus is associated with a broad range of clinical presentations, from being asymptomatic to ketoacidosis or coma, depending on the degree of metabolic disorder.Classification (Tables 1,2; Fig. 1)The classification of glucose metabolism disorders is principally derived from etiology, and includes staging of pathophysiology based on the degree of deficiency of insulin action.These disorders are classified into four groups: (i) type 1 diabetes mellitus; (ii) type 2 diabetes mellitus; (iii) diabetes mellitus those due to other specific mechanisms or diseases; and (iv) gestational diabetes mellitus.Type 1 diabetes is characterized by destruction of pancreatic b-cells.Type 2 diabetes is characterized by combinations of decreased insulin secretion and decreased insulin sensitivity (insulin resistance).Glucose metabolism disorders in category (iii) are divided into two subgroups; subgroup A is diabetes in which a genetic abnormality has been identified, and subgroup B is diabetes associated with other pathologic disorders or clinical conditions.
Keywords
MedicineBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
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