No "End of History" for Photolyases
SciencePublished 5 April 1996
Aziz Sancar
Citations124
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score10.42
SNIP6.62
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TL;DR
In his Perspective, Sancar describes how this discovery defines a family of light-sensitive enzymes that also includes the blue-light receptors of plants and why it represents a reawakening of the photolyase field.
Abstract
In a process called photoreactivation, blue light reverses the chemical damage done to DNA by ultraviolet light. One mediator of this effect is the enzyme CPD photolyase; a second photolyase, (6-4)photolyase, is now reported from Drosophila in a paper in this week's issue (Todo et al. , p. 109 ). In his Perspective, Sancar describes how this discovery defines a family of light-sensitive enzymes that also includes the blue-light receptors of plants and why it represents a reawakening of the photolyase field.
Keywords
Agricultural and Biological SciencesNeuroscienceBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
NatureHY4 gene of A. thaliana encodes a protein with characteristics of a blue-light photoreceptor
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The hy4 mutant5 is one of several mutants that are selectively insensitive to blue light during the blue-light-dependent inhibition of hypocotyl elongation response, which suggests that they lack an essential component of the cryptochrome-associated light-sensing pathway.
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655 Citations1994Aziz Sancar
DNA photolyase repairs DNA by utilizing the energy of visible light to break the cyclobutane ring of the dimer and restores the dipyrimidine and the functional form of flavin ready for a new cycle of catalysis.
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The data reviewed in this article support the notion that the (6-4) photoproduct and its Dewar photoisomer are important cytotoxic determinants of UV light.
ScienceCrystal Structure of DNA Photolyase from <i>Escherichia coli</i>
577 Citations1995Hee-Won Park, Sang‐Tae Kim +2 more
The three-dimensional crystallographic structure of DNA photolyase from Escherichia coli is presented and the atomic model was refined to an R value of 0.172 at 2.3 A resolution, suggesting that the Pyr<> Pyr "flips out" of the helix to fit into this hole, and that electron transfer between the flavin and the Pyr <> Pyr occurs over van der Waals contact distance.
NatureA new photoreactivating enzyme that specifically repairs ultraviolet light-induced (6-4)photoproducts
294 Citations1993Takeshi Todo, Hiroshi Takemori +6 more
It is reported here that an enzyme that catalyses the light-dependent repair of (6–4)photoproduct exists in Drosophila melanogaster, the first report of such photoreactivating activity specific for (6-4) photographers in any organism.
BiochemistryPutative Blue-Light Photoreceptors from Arabidopsis thaliana and Sinapis alba with a High Degree of Sequence Homology to DNA Photolyase Contain the Two Photolyase Cofactors but Lack DNA Repair Activity
281 Citations1995Khushbeer Malhotra, Sang-Tae Kim +3 more
The putative blue-light photoreceptor genes of Arabidopsis thaliana and Sinapis alba (mustard) are highly homologous to the DNA repair genes encoding DNA photolyases, and their chromophore composition suggests that the blue light photoreceptors may initiate signal transduction by a novel pathway which involves electron transfer.
ScienceSimilarity Among the <b> <i>Drosophila</i> </b> (6-4)Photolyase, a Human Photolyase Homolog, and the DNA Photolyase-Blue-Light Photoreceptor Family
244 Citations1996Takeshi Todo, Haruko Ryo +6 more
A gene encoding the Drosophila (6-4)photolyase was cloned, and the deduced amino acid sequence of the product was found to be similar to the CPD photolyase and to the blue-light photoreceptor of plants.
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236 Citations1988Douglas E. Brash
The local structure of DNA is more important in determining the frequency of mutation at a site than is the photoproduct frequency at that site, and the effect of DNA structure appears to be due to site‐specific lethality.
The EMBO JournalA new class of DNA photolyases present in various organisms including aplacental mammals.
215 Citations1994Akira Yasui, André P. M. Eker +5 more
The results suggest a divergence of photolyase genes in early evolution and a new classification for photolyases comprising two distantly related groups is proposed.
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A new role for photolyases in dark-repair processes which has implications for the mechanism of nucleotide excision repair in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes is identified.
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141 Citations1994S.T. Kim, Khushbeer Malhotra +3 more
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Accounts of Chemical ResearchPhotoenzymes: A Novel Class of Biological Catalysts
128 Citations1994Tadhg P. Begley
The current state of mechanistic studies on two systems, in which bacteria that have been killed by irradiation with ultraviolet light can be revitalized by exposure to visible light, and yellow, dark-grown plants become green when transferred to the light, are summarized.
The Plant JournalA plant gene for photolyase: an enzyme catalyzing the repair of UV‐light‐induced DNA damage
117 Citations1993Alfred Batschauer
It is demonstrated that photolyase expression in plants is light induced, thus providing good evidence for the adaptation of plants to their environment in order to diminish the harmful effects of sunlight.
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The results strongly suggest that humans, as well as other placental mammals, lack the photolyase gene.
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