Activation Domain–Mediated Targeting of the SWI/SNF Complex to Promoters Stimulates Transcription from Nucleosome Arrays
Molecular CellPublished 1 October 1999Open access
Kristen E. Neely, Ahmed H. Hassan, Annika E. Wallberg, David J. Steger, Bradley R. Cairns, Anthony P. H. Wright
Citations247
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score9.05
SNIP2.89
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
TL;DR
It is shown that the SWI/SNF complex stimulated in vitro transcription from nucleosome templates in an activation domain-dependent manner.
Abstract
The yeast SWI/SNF complex is required for the transcription of several yeast genes and has been shown to alter nucleosome structure in an ATP-dependent reaction. In this study, we show that the complex stimulated in vitro transcription from nucleosome templates in an activation domain-dependent manner. Transcription stimulation by SWI/SNF required an activation domain with which it directly interacts. The acidic activation domains of VP16, Gcn4, Swi5, and Hap4 interacted directly with the purified SWI/SNF complex and with the SWI/SNF complex in whole-cell extracts. The similarity of activation domain interactions and transcriptional stimulation between SWI/SNF and the SAGA histone acetyltransferase complex may account for their apparent overlapping functions in vivo.
Keywords
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Annual Review of BiochemistryALTERATION OF NUCLEOSOME STRUCTURE AS A MECHANISM OF TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION
1,136 Citations1998Jerry L. Workman, Robert E. Kingston
Recently, proteins that were initially identified as necessary for transcriptional regulation have been shown to alter nucleosomal structure and are likely to play a central role in appropriate regulation of eukaryotic genes.
ScienceStimulation of GAL4 Derivative Binding to Nucleosomal DNA by the Yeast SWI/SNF Complex
862 Citations1994Jacques Côté, Janet Quinn +2 more
It is shown that the purified SWI/SNF complex is composed of 10 subunits and includes the SWI1, SWI2/ SNF2, SWi3, SNF5, and SNF6 gene products, and suggests that a primary role of the SWi/SNf complex is to promote activator binding to nucleosomal DNA.
Genes & DevelopmentFunctional dissection of VP16, the trans-activator of herpes simplex virus immediate early gene expression.
838 Citations1988Steven J. Triezenberg, Robert C. Kingsbury +1 more
It is predicted that VP16 achieves IE gene specificity via protein: protein, rather than protein: DNA, interaction, according to the results presented in this and the accompanying paper.
NatureNucleosome disruption and enhancement of activator binding by a human SW1/SNF complex
783 Citations1994Hyockman Kwon, Anthony N. Imbalzano +3 more
CellOrdered Recruitment of Transcription and Chromatin Remodeling Factors to a Cell Cycle– and Developmentally Regulated Promoter
706 Citations1999Maria Pia Cosma, Tomoyuki Tanaka +1 more
Using CHIP, recruitment of Swi/Snf, SAGA, the repressor Ash1p, and transcription factors Swi5p and SBF to the HO endonuclease promoter as cells progress through the yeast cell cycle is measured.
CellRSC, an Essential, Abundant Chromatin-Remodeling Complex
678 Citations1996Bradley R. Cairns, Yahli Lorch +8 more
A novel 15-subunit complex with the capacity to remodel the structure of chromatin, termed RSC, has been isolated from S. cerevisiae on the basis of homology to the SWI/SNF complex and is essential for mitotic growth.
CellCharacterization of the yeast SWI1, SWI2, and SWI3 genes, which encode a global activator of transcription
600 Citations1992Craig L. Peterson, Ira Herskowitz
Observations suggest that SWI1, SWI2,SWI3, SNF5, and SNF6 may be components of a large multi-subunit complex and it is proposed that these products perform a general role in transcription by assisting gene-specific regulatory proteins.
ImmunityIkaros DNA-Binding Proteins Direct Formation of Chromatin Remodeling Complexes in Lymphocytes
589 Citations1999John Kim, Saı̈d Sif +10 more
The Ikaros gene family encodes zinc finger DNA-binding proteins essential for lineage determination and control of proliferation in the lymphoid system that are capable of targeting chromatin remodeling and deacetylation complexes in vivo, and it is proposed that the restructuring of chromatin is a key aspect of Ikaro function in lymphocyte differentiation.
GeneticsGENES AFFECTING THE REGULATION OF <i>SUC2</i> GENE EXPRESSION BY GLUCOSE REPRESSION IN <i>SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE</i>
580 Citations1984Lenore Neigeborn, Marian Carlson
Roles for the SNF1 through SNF6 and SSN6 genes in the regulation of SUC2 gene expression by glucose repression are suggested.
NatureChromatin remodelling by the glucocorticoid receptor requires the BRG1 complex
516 Citations1998Christy J. Fryer, Trevor Archer
It is shown that when this receptor is prevented from interacting with the hBRG1/BAF chromatin remodelling complex, it can activate transcription from transiently transfected DNA but not from organized chromatin templates.
NatureTranscriptional activators direct histone acetyltransferase complexes to nucleosomes
496 Citations1998Rhea T. Utley, Keiko Ikeda +6 more
The binding of two native yeast histone acetyltransferase (HAT) complexes to the herpesvirus VP16 activation domain and the yeast transcriptional activator Gcn4 is demonstrated, and it is shown that it is their interaction with the VP16activation domain that targets Gal4–VP16-bound nucleosomes for acetylation.
ScienceRoles of SWI1, SWI2, and SWI3 Proteins for Transcriptional Enhancement by Steroid Receptors
482 Citations1992Steven K. Yoshinaga, Craig L. Peterson +2 more
Positive regulation by the glucocorticoid receptor in vivo and in vitro appears to require its interaction, at an early step, with one or more SWI proteins.
Journal of Molecular BiologyFive SWI genes are required for expression of the HO gene in yeast
455 Citations1984Michael Stern, Robert E. Jensen +1 more
Results indicate that the SWI genes function in some way as positive regulators of HO expression and have additional cellular roles.
ScienceCritical Structural Elements of the VP16 Transcriptional Activation Domain
451 Citations1991W. Douglas Cress, Steven J. Triezenberg
The mechanism of transcriptional activation by VP16 and other proteins may involve both ionic and specific hydrophobic interactions with target molecules.
CellCell cycle control of the yeast HO gene: Cis- and Trans-acting regulators
387 Citations1987Linda Breeden, Kim Nasmyth
It is shown that this sequence activates transcription of a heterologous gene in a cell-cycle-dependent fashion indistinguishable from that of the wild-type HO promoter, which must contain at least two essential upstream activation sequences.
CellRNA Polymerase II Holoenzyme Contains SWI/SNF Regulators Involved in Chromatin Remodeling
362 Citations1996Christopher J. Wilson, David M. Chao +4 more
It is reported here that SWI and SNF gene products, previously identified as global gene regulators whose functions include remodeling chromatin, are also integral components of the yeast RNA polymerase II holoenzyme.
Genes & DevelopmentCoactivators for a proline-rich activator purified from the multisubunit human TFIID complex.
361 Citations1991Naoko Tanese, B. Franklin Pugh +1 more
The isolation of coactivators responsible for mediating transcriptional activation by Gal4-Pro, a hybrid regulator containing the proline-rich activation domain of human CTF/NFI, is reported, suggesting distinct factor requirements for different types of transcriptional regulators.
NatureNucleosome mobilization catalysed by the yeast SWI/SNF complex
351 Citations1999Iestyn Whitehouse, Andrew Flaus +4 more
It is concluded that SWI/SNF catalyses the redistribution of nucleosomes along DNA in cis, which may represent a general mechanism by which ATP-dependent chromatin remodelling occurs.
CellSelective inhibition of activated but not basal transcription by the acidic activation domain of VP16: Evidence for transcriptional adaptors
311 Citations1990Shelley L. Berger, W. Douglas Cress +3 more
It is proposed that GAL4-VP16 acted to titrate an "adaptor" that bridges an interaction between the upstream activator and the basic transcriptional machinery at the TATA box.
CellA SWI/SNF–Related Chromatin Remodeling Complex, E-RC1, Is Required for Tissue-Specific Transcriptional Regulation by EKLF In Vitro
303 Citations1998Jennifer A. Armstrong, James J. Bieker +1 more
A member of the SWI/SNF family acts directly in transcriptional activation and may regulate subsets of genes by selectively interacting with specific DNA-binding proteins.
Genes & DevelopmentThe yeast SNF2/SWI2 protein has DNA-stimulated ATPase activity required for transcriptional activation.
303 Citations1993Brehon C. Laurent, Isabelle Treich +1 more
Evidence is presented that bacterially expressed SNF2 protein has ATPase activity that is stimulated by double-stranded DNA, and mutation of the NTP-binding site abolishes this activity.
CellHistone Octamer Transfer by a Chromatin-Remodeling Complex
294 Citations1999Yahli Lorch, Mincheng Zhang +1 more
RSC, an abundant, essential chromatin-remodeling complex related to SWI/SNF complex, catalyzes the transfer of a histone octamer from a nucleosome core particle to naked DNA.
CellHuman SWI/SNF Interconverts a Nucleosome between Its Base State and a Stable Remodeled State
282 Citations1998Gavin R. Schnitzler, Saı̈d Sif +1 more
It is shown that hSWI/ SNF and ATP generate an altered nucleosomal structure that is stable in the absence of SWI/SNF, and this product has an altered sensitivity to digestion by DNAse, restriction enzymes, and micrococcal nuclease, and an increased affinity for GAL4.
GeneticsEssential Functional Interactions of SAGA, a <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> Complex of Spt, Ada, and Gcn5 Proteins, With the Snf/Swi and Srb/Mediator Complexes
277 Citations1997Shannon M. Roberts, Fred Winston
Evidence for physical associations between Spt20/Ada5 and three other Spt proteins, suggesting that they exist in a complex named SAGA, which has multiple activities and plays critical roles in transcription by RNA polymerase II.
Genes & DevelopmentCell cycle-regulated histone acetylation required for expression of the yeast HO gene
276 Citations1999Jocelyn E. Krebs, Min‐Hao Kuo +2 more
A sequential model for activation of HO is proposed in which the Swi5p-dependent recruitment of the Gcn5p acetyltransferase requires chromatin remodeling events by the SWI/SNF complex.
CellGAL4 derivatives function alone and synergistically with mammalian activators in vitro
272 Citations1988Young-Sun Lin, Michael Carey +2 more
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesPattern of aromatic and hydrophobic amino acids critical for one of two subdomains of the VP16 transcriptional activator.
261 Citations1993Jeffrey L. Regier, Feng Shen +1 more
The results suggest that the two subdomains of VP16 affect transcription by different mechanisms, although neither is likely to be an amphipathic alpha-helix or an "acidic blob."
SciencePersistent Site-Specific Remodeling of a Nucleosome Array by Transient Action of the SWI/SNF Complex
224 Citations1996Tom Owen‐Hughes, Rhea T. Utley +3 more
Analysis of individual nucleosomes revealed that the transient action of the SWI/SNF complex catalyzed eviction of histones from the Gal4-bound nucleosome that was bound by derivatives of the transcription factor Gal4p.
Molecular CellTwo Actin-Related Proteins Are Shared Functional Components of the Chromatin-Remodeling Complexes RSC and SWI/SNF
210 Citations1998Bradley R. Cairns, Hediye Erdjument‐Bromage +3 more
The results suggest that actin-related proteins perform important roles in chromatin-remodeling complexes by virtue of structural rather than enzymatic similarities to actin.
Genes & DevelopmentActivator-dependent regulation of transcriptional pausing on nucleosomal templates.
208 Citations1996Steven A. Brown, Anthony N. Imbalzano +1 more
Nucleosome formation increases by >100-fold the duration of a transcriptional pause on the human hsp7O gene in vitro at the same location as pausing is observed in vivo, suggesting that an activator can cause increased readthrough of promoter-proximal pausing by decreasing the inhibitory effect of nucleosomes on transcriptional elongation.
Molecular and Cellular BiologyRole for <i>ADA/GCN5</i> Products in Antagonizing Chromatin-Mediated Transcriptional Repression
202 Citations1997Kerry J. Pollard, Craig L. Peterson
It is shown here that mutations in ADA2, ADA3, and GCN5, which are believed to encode subunits of a nuclear histone acetyltransferase complex, cause phenotypes strikingly similar to that of swi/snf mutants.
NatureDNA-binding properties of the yeast SWI/SNF complex
195 Citations1996Janet Quinn, Amy M. Fyrberg +3 more
It is shown that the SWI/SNF complex has a high affinity for DNA and that its DNA-binding properties are similar to those of proteins containing HMG-box domains, likely to be important in the remodelling of chromatin structure by the SWF complex.
CellActivated RSC–Nucleosome Complex and Persistently Altered Form of the Nucleosome
195 Citations1998Yahli Lorch, Bradley R. Cairns +2 more
RSC, an abundant, essential chromatin-remodeling complex, related to SWI/SNF complex, binds nucleosomes and naked DNA with comparable affinities, as shown by gel shift analysis.
Molecular and Cellular BiologyActivation of yeast polymerase II transcription by herpesvirus VP16 and GAL4 derivatives in vitro.
186 Citations1989Daniel I. Chasman, Janet Leatherwood +3 more
The EMBO JournalCatalytic activity of the yeast SWI/SNF complex on reconstituted nucleosome arrays
184 Citations1997Colin Logie, Craig L. Peterson
It is found that the SWI/SNF remodeling reaction on a nucleosome array is a highly reversible process, which suggests that recovery from SWI /SNF action involves interactions among nucleosomes.
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesPerturbation of nucleosome core structure by the SWI/SNF complex persists after its detachment, enhancing subsequent transcription factor binding
180 Citations1998Jacques Côté, Craig L. Peterson +1 more
It is reported that the SWI/SNF complex binds directly to nucleosome cores and uses the energy of ATP hydrolysis to disrupt histone/DNA interactions, altering the preferred path of DNA bending around the histone octamer.
NatureYeast TAF IIS in a multisubunit complex required for activated transcription
162 Citations1994Joseph C. Reese, Lynne Apone +3 more
This work uses TBP as a protein-affinity ligand to isolate from yeast a multisubunit complex that is required specifically for activated transcription by RNA polymerase II, and reveals that two subunits are the homologues of known mammalian and Drosophila TAFIIS.
Molecular and Cellular BiologyTFG3/TAF30/ANC1, a Component of the Yeast SWI/SNF Complex That Is Similar to the Leukemogenic Proteins ENL and AF-9
158 Citations1996Bradley R. Cairns, N. Lynn Henry +1 more
It is shown that the 29-kDa component of the SWI/SNF complex is identical to TFG3/TAF30/ANC1, and this results suggest that ENL and AF-9 proteins interact with the SNF5 components of the human SWI / SNF complex and raise the possibility that the SWi/SNf complex is involved in acute leukemia.
Molecular CellTranscriptional Activation by Gcn4p Involves Independent Interactions with the SWI/SNF Complex and the SRB/Mediator
156 Citations1999Krishnamurthy Natarajan, Belinda M. Jackson +3 more
Recombinant Gcn4p interacted with SWI/SNF and SRB/mediator subunits in cell extracts in a manner dependent on the same hydrophobic clusters in the GCN4p activation domain; however, higher concentrations of Gcn 4p were required for binding to SWI-SNF versus SRB-mediatorSubunits.
Molecular and Cellular BiologyActivation Domain-Specific and General Transcription Stimulation by Native Histone Acetyltransferase Complexes
154 Citations1999Keiko Ikeda, David J. Steger +2 more
Recruitment of the SAGA and NuA4 HAT complexes by the VP16 activation domain contributes to HAT-dependent activation and leads to a general activation of transcription, which is independent of activator-NuA4 interactions.
Molecular and Cellular BiologyThe SWI/SNF Complex Creates Loop Domains in DNA and Polynucleosome Arrays and Can Disrupt DNA-Histone Contacts within These Domains
150 Citations1999David P. Bazett‐Jones, Jacques Côté +3 more
The data indicate that the action of one SWI/SNF complex on an array of nucleosomes can lead to the formation of a region where multipleucleosomes are disrupted, and nucleosome disruption by SWI-SNF results in a loss of DNA content from the nucleosomal DNA.
Molecular and Cellular BiologyThe SNF5 protein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a glutamine- and proline-rich transcriptional activator that affects expression of a broad spectrum of genes.
142 Citations1990Brehon C. Laurent, Michelle Treitel +1 more
Journal of Biological ChemistrySubunits of the Yeast SWI/SNF Complex Are Members of the Actin-related Protein (ARP) Family
137 Citations1998Craig L. Peterson, Yingming Zhao +1 more
The identification of two ARP family members as crucial subunits of the SWI/SNF complex suggests that the complex may contain a total of three different ATPase subunits; furthermore, the similarity of ARP7 and ARP9 to the HSP and HSC family of ATPases suggests the possibility that chromatin remodeling by SWI-SNF may involve chaperone-like activities.
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesPurified histone acetyltransferase complexes stimulate HIV-1 transcription from preassembled nucleosomal arrays
124 Citations1998David J. Steger, Anton Eberharter +3 more
Each of the HATs increases the cutting efficiencies of restriction endonucleases targeting the HIV-1 chromatin templates in a manner not requiring transcription, suggesting that histone acetylation leads to nucleosome remodeling.
Genes & DevelopmentEssential role of Swp73p in the function of yeast Swi/Snf complex.
117 Citations1996Bradley R. Cairns, Randy Levinson +2 more
Evidence is presented concerning the role of Swp73p in the function of the Swi/Snf protein, which was purified previously from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as an 11-polypeptide complex, including five novel Swp polypeptides.
The EMBO JournalContinuous and widespread roles for the Swi–Snf complex in transcription
106 Citations1999Stephen R. Biggar, Gerald R. Crabtree
It is found that active transcription requires continuous Swi–Snf function, demonstrating a role for this complex beyond the induction of transcription, and suggesting that chromatin remodeling plays a widespread role in gene expression.
Journal of Biological ChemistryNucleosome Disruption by Human SWI/SNF Is Maintained in the Absence of Continued ATP Hydrolysis
95 Citations1996Anthony N. Imbalzano, Gavin R. Schnitzler +1 more
Data suggest sequential steps that can occur in the process by which transcription factors gain access to nucleosomal DNA, indicating continued ATP hydrolysis is not required to maintain the altered nucleosome structure.
Methods in molecular genetics[6] Basic analysis of transcription factor binding to nucleosomes
92 Citations1995
This chapter provides protocols for the preparation of nucleosomes and histones, nucleosome reconstitution, and the analysis of transcription factor binding that can be easily performed by any biochemist or molecular biologist with minimal protein experience.
Molecular and Cellular BiologyTranscriptional Activation in an Improved Whole-Cell Extract from <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>
85 Citations1991Michael Woontner, Paul A. Wade +2 more
It is found that the simultaneous use of distinguishable templates with and without an upstream activation sequence is critical to the measurement of apparent activation, and activation by a bona fide yeast activator, heat shock transcription factor is demonstrated.
BiochemistryThe Core Histone N-Terminal Domains Are Required for Multiple Rounds of Catalytic Chromatin Remodeling by the SWI/SNF and RSC Complexes
77 Citations1999Colin Logie, Christin Tse +2 more
Results indicate that the histone termini are important for SWI/SNF and RSC function; and, furthermore, this step appears to be after remodeling, but prior to intermolecular transfer of the remodelers to new arrays.
Journal of Biological ChemistryH1-mediated Repression of Transcription Factor Binding to a Stably Positioned Nucleosome
51 Citations1997Li‐Jung Juan, Rhea T. Utley +3 more
H1 repressed USF binding at a site 35 base pairs into the nucleosome core more effectively than at a sites near the “linker” DNA, suggesting that inhibition by H1 was not simply due to steric occlusion.
Critical Reviews in Eukaryotic Gene ExpressionEnergy-Dependent Chromatin Remodelers: Complex Complexes and Their Components
51 Citations1998Anthony N. Imbalzano
Genetic and biochemical evidence supports the idea that a family of related multisubunit complexes hydrolyzes ATP in order to facilitate the rearrangement of chromatin structure.
MethodsTranscriptional Analysis of Purified Histone Acetyltransferase Complexes
43 Citations1999David J. Steger, Jerry L. Workman
A biochemical system examining the regulation of RNA polymerase II-directed transcription by native histone acetyltransferases (HATs) is developed and it has been demonstrated that HATs facilitate transcription from nucleosomal DNA templates in an acetyl-CoA-dependent fashion but do not affect transcription from histone-free templates.
Molecular and Cellular BiologyTranscriptional activation in an improved whole-cell extract from Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
40 Citations1991Michael Woontner, Paul A. Wade +2 more