Effects of automatic associative activation on explicit and implicit memory tests.
Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and CognitionPublished 1 January 1992
Mireille Besson, Ira Fischler, Timothy L. Boaz, Gary E. Raney
Citations58
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score1.23
SNIP1.24
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
Abstract
Ss made either a graphemic or a semantic decision concerning word pairs during a study phase. Pair relatedness effects were observed in behavioral measures for the semantic task only, but a physiological measure (event-related potential) showed relatedness effects for both study tasks. Relatedness at study helped subsequent memory for tests involving word generation (fragment completion and cued recall). These effects was independent of those of level of processing on memory
Keywords
Computer ScienceNeuroscience
ScienceReading Senseless Sentences: Brain Potentials Reflect Semantic Incongruity
4,926 Citations1980Marta Kutas, Steven A. Hillyard
In a sentence reading task, words that occurred out of context were associated with specific types of event-related brain potentials that elicited a late negative wave (N400).
Journal of Experimental Psychology GeneralDepth of processing and the retention of words in episodic memory.
3,882 Citations1975Fergus I. M. Craik, Endel Tulving
Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and CognitionImplicit memory: History and current status.
2,904 Citations1987Daniel L. Schacter
Journal of Experimental Psychology GeneralSemantic priming and retrieval from lexical memory: Roles of inhibitionless spreading activation and limited-capacity attention.
2,733 Citations1977James H. Neely
NatureBrain potentials during reading reflect word expectancy and semantic association
2,232 Citations1984Marta Kutas, Steven A. Hillyard
The amplitude of the N400 component of the e.r.p.ps was found to be an inverse function of the subject's expectancy for the terminal word as measured by its ‘Cloze probability’, which suggests N400 may reflect processes of semantic priming or activation.
Journal of Experimental Psychology GeneralOn the relationship between autobiographical memory and perceptual learning.
2,231 Citations1981Larry L. Jacoby, Mark Dallas
Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and CognitionImplicit and explicit memory for new associations in normal and amnesic subjects.
1,678 Citations1985Peter Graf, Daniel L. Schacter
This effect was observed with college students and amnesic patients, suggesting that word completion performance is mediated by implicit memory for new associations that is independent of explicit recollection.
ScienceAffective Discrimination of Stimuli That Cannot Be Recognized
1,199 Citations1980William Raft Kunst-Wilson, Robert B. Zajonc
Experimental evidence is presented that these preferences can develop even when the exposures are so degraded that recognition is precluded and animal and human subjects readily develop strong preferences for objects that have become familiar through repeated exposures.
Electroencephalography and Clinical NeurophysiologyEvent-related potentials, lexical decision and semantic priming
841 Citations1985Shlomo Bentin, Gregory McCarthy +1 more
ERPs were recorded during a lexical decision task in order to investigate electrophysiological concomitants of semantic priming and P300, N200, and N400 differences were observed at locations over both hemispheres and were maximal in the centroparietal region.
Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal BehaviorRemembering the data: analyzing interactive processes in reading
754 Citations1983Larry L. Jacoby
Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal BehaviorActivation makes words more accessible, but not necessarily more retrievable
754 Citations1984Peter Graf, George Mandler
Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and CognitionPerceptual enhancement: Persistent effects of an experience.
669 Citations1983Larry L. Jacoby
It is concluded that both perceptual and memory tasks rely on the retrieval of memory for whole prior processing episodes but can differ in terms of the number and nature of retrieval cues that they provide.
Elsevier eBooksCurrent trends in event-related potential research
640 Citations1987Ray Johnson, John Rohrbaugh +1 more
Section I: ERP Studies of Preparation and Movement (9 papers), and ERP studies of Attention, Cognition, and Language (20 papers).
Quarterly Journal of Experimental PsychologyOn the Division of Attention: A Disproof of the Single Channel Hypothesis
604 Citations1972D. A. Allport, Barbara Antonis +1 more
In two experiments reported here, it is shown that people can attend to and repeat back continuous speech at the same time as taking in complex, unrelated visual scenes, or even while sight-reading piano music.
PsychophysiologyThe Effects of Semantic Priming and Word Repetition on Event‐Related Potentials
505 Citations1985Michael D. Rugg
PsychophysiologyBrain Potentials Related to Stages of Sentence Verification
447 Citations1983Ira Fischler, Paul Alexander Bloom +3 more
The pattern of response latencies and of ERPs taken together supported a model of sentence comprehension in which negatives are dealt with only after the proposition to be negated is understood.
Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and CognitionSemantic priming in the lexical decision task: Roles of prospective prime-generated expectancies and retrospective semantic matching.
437 Citations1989James H. Neely, Dennis E. Keefe +1 more
Cognitive Psychology“P300” and memory: Individual differences in the von Restorff effect
437 Citations1984Demetrios Karis, Monica Fabiani +1 more
Psychology Press eBooksImplicit Memory
423 Citations2014Stephan Lewandowsky, John C. Dunn +1 more
This chapter discusses the development and nature of Implicit Memory, as well as the role of theory and models, and their applications to human and animal memory.
Journal of Memory and LanguageEvent-related brain potentials during initial encoding and recognition memory of congruous and incongruous words
420 Citations1986Helen J. Neville, Marta Kutas +2 more
Brain and LanguageAutomatic and attentional processing: An event-related brain potential analysis of semantic priming*1
389 Citations1988Philip J. Holcomb
Event-related brain potentials and behavioral measures (reaction time and percentage errors) were measured in a semantic priming lexical decision task and the results are discussed in terms of the two-process model proposed by Posner and Snyder.
Memory & CognitionMemory for unattended events: Remembering with and without awareness
324 Citations1984Eric Eich
Results of the present shadowing study, involving the recognition and spelling of previously unattended homophones, suggest an affirmative answer to this question.
Electroencephalography and Clinical NeurophysiologyEvent-related potential asymmetries during the reading of sentences
296 Citations1988Marta Kutas, Cyma Van Petten +1 more
The degree of N400 asymmetry was unaffected either by the rate of sentence presentation or the ratio of congruent to incongruent sentences but was quite sensitive to family history of left-handedness.
The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section ADissociation of Semantic Priming, Word and Non-Word Repetition Effects by Event-Related Potentials
269 Citations1987Michael D. Rugg
PsychophysiologyAn Event‐Related Potential Analysis of Incongruity in Music and Other Non‐Linguistic Contexts
265 Citations1987Mireille Besson, F. Macar
Results are consistent with an interpretation of N400 as an index of the further processing required by linguistic incongruities rather than by violations of arbitrary or over learned rules in general.
Memory & CognitionSemantic-context effects on word recognition: Influence of varying the proportion of items presented in an appropriate context
260 Citations1977James R. Tweedy, Robert H. Lapinski +1 more
This finding contradicts theories of word recognition which account for context effects solely by postulating transient increases in the aecessibility of only those words semantically related to the particular preceding stimuli encountered by the observer.
Journal of Cognitive NeuroscienceAn Electrophysiological Probe of Incidental Semantic Association
255 Citations1989Marta Kutas, Steven A. Hillyard
The findings of the present experiment suggest the utility of the N400 measure in studies of semantic priming and as a probe of the automaticity of contextual influences in language processing.
Electroencephalography and Clinical NeurophysiologyEffects of mnemonic strategy manipulation in a Von Restorff paradigm
253 Citations1990Monica Fabiani, Demetrios Karis +1 more
Results confirm and expand, in a within-subjects design, the results reported by Karis, Fabiani and Donchin (1984) who capitalized on different strategies used by different subjects, and lend support to a 3-phase model of the von Restorff effect.
ScienceSimulating Amnesic Symptoms in Normal Subjects
222 Citations1982Peter Graf, George Mandler +1 more
Patients with organic brain damage resulting in anterograde amnesia cannot recall a list of words, but when given the first three letters of each word, they complete these word stems with words from the list.
Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and CognitionMemory as a function of attention, level of processing, and automatization.
218 Citations1984Arthur D. Fisk, Walter Schneider
Memory & CognitionAccessing lexical memory: The transfer of word repetition effects across task and modality
197 Citations1979Don L. Scarborough, Linda D. Gerard +1 more
The present experiments show that aspects of reading by literate adults can be readily modified and pronunciation of visually presented common words speeded later recognition of those words, and facilitation occurs in the processes of encoding and accessing memory.
Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and CognitionThe relationship between contextual facilitation and depth of processing.
170 Citations1983Marilyn C. Smith, Leonard H. Theodor +1 more
Memory & CognitionThe dependence of semantic relatedness effects upon prime processing
115 Citations1983Avishai Henik, Wendy A. Kellogg +1 more
It is suggested that in order to produce the usual priming effect, the primes have to be processed for meaning rather than probed for constituents.
The European Journal of Cognitive PsychologyImplicit and explicit memory and the automatid effortful distinction
102 Citations1990Alan J. Parkin, Ricardo Russo
Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Perception & PerformanceContextual facilitation in a letter search task depends on how the prime is processed.
86 Citations1979Marilyn C. Smith
Whether facilitation occurs automatically upon prime presentation or whether facilitation depends on the manner of processing the prime is concerned, which appears to depend upon the mode of analysis of the prime.
PsychophysiologyEvent‐Related Potentials in Chronometric Analysis of Primed Word Recognition with Different Stimulus Onset Asynchronies
84 Citations1986John Boddy
The balance of evidence indicated that the variation of both P2 and N2 across conditions could be attributed to a widely distributed, slow negative process, which began on the N1-P2 deflection, peaked at N2, and terminated beyond P3, and was enhanced when an automatically generated expectancy of a semantically associated word was violated.
Perspectives in memory research
58 Citations1988Michael S. Gazzaniga
Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and CognitionVisual word recognition: A dissociation of lexical and semantic processing.
49 Citations1990Derek Besner, Marilyn C. Smith +1 more
Memory & CognitionDetection of intraword and interword letter repetition: A test of the word unitization hypothesis
19 Citations1989Lester E. Krueger
Although the familiar word does not deny access to its own component letters, it does make their comparison with letters from other words more difficult, so a task was used in this study that increased the amount of letter processing.
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)EFFECT OF SEMANTIC EXPECTANCY UPON INFORMATION-RETRIEVAL
4 Citations1986Mireille Besson, M. Kutas +1 more