Effect of restrictions on smoking at home, at school, and in public places on teenage smoking: cross sectional study
BMJPublished 5 August 2000Open access
Melanie Wakefield
Citations504
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
TL;DR
Findings suggest that restrictions on smoking at home, more extensive bans on smoking in public places, and enforced bans onsmoking at school may reduce teenage smoking.
Abstract
These findings suggest that restrictions on smoking at home, more extensive bans on smoking in public places, and enforced bans on smoking at school may reduce teenage smoking.
Keywords
MedicineHealth Professions
Health EconomicsThe rand 36‐item health survey 1.0
2,897 Citations1993Ron D. Hays, Cathy D. Sherbourne +1 more
Recently, Ware and Sherbourne published a new short-form health survey, the MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), consisting of 36 items included in long-form measures developed for the Medical Outcomes Study.
Journal of Consulting and Clinical PsychologyThe process of smoking cessation: An analysis of precontemplation, contemplation, and preparation stages of change.
2,143 Citations1991Carlo C. DiClemente, James O. Prochaska +3 more
Journal of Consulting and Clinical PsychologyThe process of smoking cessation: An analysis of precontemplation, contemplation, and preparation stages of change.
1,797 Citations1991Carlo C. DiClemente, James O. Prochaska +4 more
This study tested the transtheoretical model of change that posits a series of stages through which smokers move as they successfully change the smoking habit, and results strongly support the stages of change model.
Health PsychologyValidation of susceptibility as a predictor of which adolescents take up smoking in the United States.
1,015 Citations1996John P. Pierce, Won Seok Choi +3 more
Baseline susceptibility to smoking, defined as the absence of a firm decision not to smoke, was a stronger independent predictor of experimentation than the presence of smokers among either family or the best friend network, but exposure to smokers was not as important in distinguishing adolescents who progressed to established smoking from those who remained experimenters at follow-up.
JAMAA multicommunity trial for primary prevention of adolescent drug abuse. Effects on drug use prevalence
535 Citations1989Mary Ann Pentz
BMJEffect of restrictions on smoking at home, at school, and in public places on teenage smoking: cross sectional study
504 Citations2000Melanie Wakefield
Findings suggest that restrictions on smoking at home, more extensive bans on smoking in public places, and enforced bans onsmoking at school may reduce teenage smoking.
Journal of Health EconomicsThe effects of excise taxes and regulations on cigarette smoking
490 Citations1991Jeffrey Wasserman, Willard G. Manning +2 more
A generalized linear model is estimated to examine adult and teenage cigarette demand and indicates that the price elasticity of demand is unstable over time, ranging from 0.06 in 1970 to -0.23 in 1985.
JAMAA Multicommunity Trial for Primary Prevention of Adolescent Drug Abuse
383 Citations1989Mary Ann Pentz
Analyses of 42 schools indicate that the prevalence rates of use for all three drugs are significantly lower at 1-year follow-up in the intervention condition relative to the delayed intervention condition, and the net increase in drug use prevalence among intervention schools is half that of delayed intervention schools.
Nicotine Addiction: Principles and Management
290 Citations1993
Tobacco ControlThe effects of household and workplace smoking restrictions on quitting behaviours
265 Citations1999A. J. Farkas, E A Gilpin +2 more
Both workplace and household smoking restrictions were associated with higher rates of cessation attempts, lower rates of relapse in smokers who attempt to quit, andHigher rates of light smoking among current daily smokers.
National Bureau of Economic ResearchPrice, Tobacco Control Policies and Youth Smoking
261 Citations1996Frank J. Chaloupka, Michael Grossman
The results indicate that tobacco control policies can be effective in reducing youth cigarette smoking and limits on youth access to tobacco products appear to have little impact on youthcigarette smoking.
American Journal of Public HealthThe impact of smoke-free workplaces on declining cigarette consumption in Australia and the United States.
234 Citations1999Simon Chapman, R Borland +4 more
If workplaces were universally smoke-free, the number of cigarettes forgone annually would increase to 1.14 billion in Australia and 20.9 billion in the United States.
Nicotine & Tobacco ResearchHome smoking restrictions: Which smokers have them and how they are associated with smoking behavior
221 Citations1999Elizabeth A. Gilpin, Martha M. White +2 more
Report of a recent quit attempt and intention to quit were associated with family preference that the smoker not smoke, with home smoking restrictions appearing to be a concrete expression of this social pressure, and tobacco Control efforts to promote smoke-free homes may give family members leverage to encourage smokers to quit.
JAMAA Double-blind Trial of a Nicotine Inhaler for Smoking Cessation
204 Citations1993Philip Tønnesen
The nicotine inhaler appeared safe to use and increased success rates of smoking cessation attempts in this setting and the treatment was well tolerated, and no serious adverse events were reported.
CHEST JournalSafety of Nicotine Polacrilex Gum Used by 3,094 Participants in the Lung Health Study
192 Citations1996Robert P. Murray, William C. Bailey +6 more
NP, as used in the Lung Health Study, appears to be safe and unrelated to any cardiovascular illnesses or other serous side effects.
PubMedA multicommunity trial for primary prevention of adolescent drug abuse. Effects on drug use prevalence.
188 Citations1989Mary Ann Pentz, J H Dwyer +5 more
BMJEffect of counselling mothers on their children's exposure to environmental tobacco smoke: randomised controlled trial
168 Citations2000Melbourne F. Hovell
Counselling for smoking mothers was effective in reducing children's exposure to environmental tobacco smoke, and similar counselling in medical and social services might protect millions of children from environmental Tobacco smoke in their homes.
Tobacco ControlAiding reduction of smoking with nicotine replacement medications: hope for the recalcitrant smoker?
134 Citations1997K.O. Fagerström, R. Tejding +2 more
NRT for aiding smoking reduction appeared to be safe, was associated with a clinically significant reduction in smoke exposure over a five-week follow up, and increased motivation to stop smoking.
Tobacco ControlTrends in environmental tobacco smoke restrictions in the home in Victoria, Australia
115 Citations1999Ron Borland, Robyn Mullins +2 more
The results indicate a strong move towards homes and towards protecting children from smoke, and efforts to support and facilitate this social change should be further encouraged.
AddictionAbility of smokers to reduce their smoking and its association with future smoking cessation
111 Citations1999John R. Hughes, K. Michael Cummings +1 more
Reduction in smoking at year 2 did not prospectively predict an increase or decrease in the probability of making a quit attempt; nor did it predict eventually quitting by year 4.
Preventive MedicineHousehold Smoking Restrictions and Adolescents' Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke
110 Citations1997Lois Biener, Doris Cullen +2 more
Health risks experienced by adolescents living with adult smokers can be substantially reduced by household smoking restrictions, and the promotion of such restrictions as a strategy to reduce health risks is suggested.
European Respiratory JournalImportance of baseline cotinine plasma values in smoking cessation: results from a double-blind study with nicotine patch
110 Citations1996Paolo Paoletti, E. Fornai +8 more
It is concluded that a higher success rate was obtained after one year in smokers with low baseline plasma cotinine values, which may be helpful in identifying smokers who could benefit from transdermal nicotine replacement.
Nicotine & Tobacco ResearchExplanations of ethnic and gender differences in youth smoking: A multi-site, qualitative investigation
109 Citations1999Robin Mermelstein, The Tobacco Control Network Writing Group
Results from a qualitative, multi-site investigation of explanations for ethnic and gender differences in cigarette smoking with five ethnic groups: whites, African-Americans, Hispanics, Native Americans, and Asian-American/Pacific Islander youth consistently reporting strong, clear anti-smoking messages from family.
Journal of Health Politics Policy and LawThe Implementation and Enforcement of Tobacco Control Laws: Policy Implications for Activists and the Industry
91 Citations1999Peter D. Jacobson, Jeffrey Wasserman
The findings indicate that state- and local-level clean indoor air laws were rarely enforced by governmental agencies, and these laws were largely self-enforcing in that changed social norms regarding appropriate smoking behavior led to generally high compliance rates.
Multivariate Behavioral ResearchA Multilevel Thresholds of Change Model for Analysis of Stages of Change Data
87 Citations1998Donald Hedeker, Robin J. Mermelstein
European Respiratory JournalNicotine replacement: a new approach to reducing tobacco-related harm
86 Citations1998Carlos A. Jiménez-Ruíz, Michael Kunze +1 more
Reduced smoking should be explored as a valid method of reducing tobacco-related harm in those unwilling or unable to quit smoking.
AddictionThe conflict between least harm and no‐use tobacco policy for youth: ethical and policy implications
81 Citations1997Mary Ann Pentz, Steve Sussman +1 more
Policy and ethical implementation issues associated with local drug policies that are aimed at producing a "least harm" approach toward youth are examined, with particular application to tobacco policy as an example of a legal, but addictive drug.
Youth Tobacco Use: Risks, Patterns, and Control
79 Citations1993Brian R. Flay
National Bureau of Economic ResearchPrice, Clean Indoor Air, and Cigarette Smoking: Evidence from the Longitudinal Data for Young Adults
72 Citations1999John A. Tauras, Frank J. Chaloupka
Evidence is provided on the effects cigarette prices (which can be increased through cigarette excise taxes) and restrictions on smoking in public places and private worksites have on the use of cigarettes by young adults and how to discourage young people from smoking.
British Journal of Social PsychologyAdolescent smoking: Attitudes, norms and parental influence
67 Citations1989J. Richard Eiser, Michelle Morgan +2 more
The self-reported smoking habits and intentions of over 10,000 adolescents, aged 11 to 16 years, were related to a variety of attitudinal and normative variables.
PsycEXTRA DatasetTobacco Control in California: Who's Winning the War?: An Evaluation of the Tobacco Control Program, 1989-1996
64 Citations1998John P. Pierce, E A Gilpin +9 more
This research presents a novel probabilistic procedure called “computational signal-gauging”, which combines X-ray diffraction analysis and 3D image analysis to characterize the response of the immune system to shocks.
Scandinavian Journal of PsychologySmoking among Norwegian schoolchildren 1975–1980: II. The influence of the social environment
52 Citations1981Leif Edvard Aarø, Arne Hauknes +1 more
A sample of 6968 questionnaires from the pupils forms the empirical basis of the present study and shows that an environment of non-smokers and with no permission to smoke reduces the probability of being a daily smoker to almost zero.
Journal of Public Health Management and PracticeRestaurant Employment before and after the New York City Smoke-Free Air Act
45 Citations1999Andrew Hyland, K. Michael Cummings +2 more
The data suggest that the New York City Smoke-Free Air Act did not result in job losses for the city's restaurant industry.
National Bureau of Economic ResearchPrice, Tobacco Control Policies and Youth Smoking
45 Citations1996Frank J. Chaloupka, Michael Grossman
Scandinavian Journal of PsychologySmoking among Norwegian schoolchildren 1975–1980
42 Citations1983Leif Edvard Aarφ, Egil Bruland +2 more
In the period 1975–1980, a new trend in smoking among young people in Norway was recorded, and the proportion of young people smoking daily decreased, somewhat stronger for girls than for boys.
The Annual Review of Pharmacology and ToxicologyPharmacology of Nicotine: Addiction and Therapeutics
40 Citations1996Neal L. Benowitz
Tobacco ControlTrends in prevalence and acceptance of workplace smoking bans among indoor workers in South Australia
35 Citations1996Melanie Wakefield, L. Roberts +1 more
The data suggest that smoking bans are now the norm for indoor workers and that further gains in promoting and supporting workplace bans will be made by directing efforts at smaller workplaces, where unrestricted smoking is most prevalent.
Journal of Public Health Management and PracticeCompliance with the New York City Smoke-Free Air Act
31 Citations1999Andrew Hyland, K. Michael Cummings +3 more
Most New York City restaurants were able to comply with the smoke-free law with relative ease and little expense.
PubMedA total ban on workplace smoking is acceptable and effective.
31 Citations1991Bruce Hocking, Ron Borland +2 more
The acceptability and effectiveness of a total workplace smoking ban in Telecom Australia was evaluated in a series of studies, with a clear statement of policy, strong managerial support via equipping managers with leadership and negotiating skills, and the use of occupational health nurses identified.
Health Education JournalSmoking prevalence among 16-19-year-olds related to staff and student smoking policies in sixth forms and further education
29 Citations1994Anne Charlton, David While
Policy and prevalence were strongly related in colleges, but not in the schools; smoking students smoked fewer cigarettes in establishments where they were not allowed to smoke, when other factors were taken into account.
Primary Care Clinics in Office PracticeTHE AGENCY FOR HEALTH CARE POLICY AND RESEARCH SMOKING CESSATION CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINE
26 Citations1999Douglas E. Jorenby, Michael C. Fiore
The 1996 Agency for Health Care Policy and Research's Smoking Cessation Clinical Practice Guideline provides a strong empirical foundation for effective smoking cessation interventions in primary care.