Executive functions and updating of the contents of working memory in unipolar depression
Journal of Psychiatric ResearchPublished 2 June 2004
Philippe‐Olivier Harvey, Guillaume Le Bastard, J.-B. Pochon, Richard Lévy, Jean‐François Allilaire, Bruno Dubois
Citations359
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score1.49
SNIP1.15
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
TL;DR
The results suggest that young depressed in-patients have widespread executive dysfunctions, including updating, shifting and inhibition processes, and it is suggested that using multiple executive tasks gives the opportunity to distinguish the specific influence of various executive processes on clinical dimensions in depression.
Abstract
Our results suggest that young depressed in-patients have widespread executive dysfunctions, including updating, shifting and inhibition processes. We also found a correlation between a longitudinal measure of depression severity and an updating task performance. We suggest that using multiple executive tasks gives the opportunity to distinguish the specific influence of various executive processes on clinical dimensions in depression.
Keywords
MedicineNeuroscience
Computers Environment and Urban SystemsStatistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences
65,645 Citations1990
Archives of General PsychiatryAn Inventory for Measuring Depression
38,163 Citations1961Aaron T. Beck
The difficulties inherent in obtaining consistent and adequate diagnoses for the purposes of research and therapy have been pointed out and a wide variety of psychiatric rating scales have been developed.
Cognitive PsychologyThe Unity and Diversity of Executive Functions and Their Contributions to Complex “Frontal Lobe” Tasks: A Latent Variable Analysis
15,503 Citations2000Akira Miyake, Naomi P. Friedman +4 more
The results suggest that it is important to recognize both the unity and diversity ofExecutive functions and that latent variable analysis is a useful approach to studying the organization and roles of executive functions.
The British Journal of PsychiatryA New Depression Scale Designed to be Sensitive to Change
13,927 Citations1979Stuart Montgomery, Marie Åsberg
The construction of a depression rating scale designed to be particularly sensitive to treatment effects is described, and its capacity to differentiate between responders and non-responders to antidepressant treatment was better than the HRS, indicating greater sensitivity to change.
NeuroImageA Parametric Study of Prefrontal Cortex Involvement in Human Working Memory
1,706 Citations1997Todd S. Braver, Jonathan Cohen +4 more
Functional magnetic resonance imaging is used to probe PFC activity during a sequential letter task in which memory load was varied in an incremental fashion, providing a "dose-response curve" describing the involvement of both PFC and related brain regions in WM function.
British Medical BulletinModulating dysfunctional limbic-cortical circuits in depression: towards development of brain-based algorithms for diagnosis and optimised treatment
1,131 Citations2003Helen S. Mayberg
A synthesis of functional neuroimaging studies examining regional metabolic and blood flow changes in depression is presented in the context of a testable limbic-cortical network model, seen as a critical step towards future development of evidenced-based algorithms that will optimize the diagnosis and treatment of individual depressed patients.
Cognitive PsychologyWorking Memory: A View from Neuroimaging
1,049 Citations1997Edward E. Smith, John Jonides
The results provide support for certain cognitive models of working memory and also suggest some distinctions that these models have not emphasized.
NeuroreportCingulate function in depression
1,039 Citations1997Helen S. Mayberg, Stephen K. Brannan +9 more
A critical role for rostral cingulate area 24a/b in the limbic-cortical network involved in abnormal mood states is proposed and may represent an important adaptive response to depression and failure of this response may underlie poor outcome.
British Journal of PsychologyMemory updating in working memory: The role of the central executive
731 Citations1990Neil Morris, Dylan M. Jones
It is concluded that the updating of working memory in real time is coordinated by a central executive component of the model.
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral ReviewsBrain imaging of the central executive component of working memory
608 Citations2002Fabienne Collette, Martial Van der Linden
The British Journal of PsychiatryNeurocognitive impairment in drug-free patients with major depressive disorder
524 Citations2003Richard Porter, Peter Gallagher +2 more
Pronounced neurocognitive impairment was found in this sample of young adult out-patients with MDD, and could therefore provide an objective marker of brain dysfunction in depression.
Psychological MedicineNeuropsychological impairments in unipolar depression: the influence of perceived failure on subsequent performance
473 Citations1996Rebecca Elliott, Barbara J. Sahakian +4 more
Comparisons of the deficits seen in the depressed patients in this study showed that one of the hypotheses of the neuropsychological deficits in depression, that of "frontosubcortical' or "frontostriatal' dysfunction, was not supported.
Psychological MedicineCognitive performance in tests sensitive to frontal lobe dysfunction in the elderly depressed
467 Citations1996Barbara Beats, Barbara J. Sahakian +1 more
The results show that depression in the elderly is associated with a significant degree of deficit on tests sensitive to frontostriatal dysfunction, and some of the deficits appear specific to depression and some do not remit following clinical recovery.
PubMedOn the nature and pattern of neurocognitive function in major depressive disorder.
409 Citations1998Konstantine K. Zakzanis, Lopa Leach +1 more
An effect size analysis of neurocognitive function in patients with major depressive disorder using meta-analytic principles revealed that depression had the largest effect on measures of encoding and retrieval from episodic memory.
American Journal of PsychiatryExecutive Dysfunction in Geriatric Depression
382 Citations2002Kathryn A. Lockwood, George S. Alexopoulos +1 more
The findings can guide the development of stimulated functional neuroimaging paradigms that may clarify the pathophysiology of geriatric depression and lead to compensatory strategies that will improve the outcomes of late-life depression.
Archives of General PsychiatryNeuropsychological Deficits in Obsessive-compulsive Disorder
334 Citations1998Rosemary Purcell, Paul Maruff +2 more
Neuropsychological deficits were observed in patients with OCD that were not observed in matched patients with panic disorder or unipolar depression, and appears to be related to the specific illness processes associated with the disorder.
Biological PsychiatryCognitive disturbance in outpatient depressed younger adults: evidence of modest impairment
320 Citations2001Merida M. Grant, Michael E. Thase +1 more
Findings, derived from a large sample of unmedicated depressed outpatients, indicate that major depressive disorder in healthy younger ambulatory adults does not cause appreciable impairments in cognitive functioning in the absence of clinical and course-of-illness features.
Psychological MedicineCognitive function in depression: a distinct pattern of frontal impairment in melancholia?
295 Citations1999Marie‐Paule Austin, Philip B. Mitchell +8 more
Using narrower definitions of melancholia, melancholic patients were impaired on mnemonic tasks and tasks of selective attention, and set-shifting while non-melancholic subjects were largely unimpaired in their cognitive performance.
Biological PsychiatryWorking memory and prefrontal cortex dysfunction: specificity to schizophrenia compared with major depression
294 Citations2003Deanna M. Barch, Yvette I. Sheline +2 more
During performance of working memory tasks, deficits in prefrontal activation, including dorsolateral regions, are more severe in participants with schizophrenia than in unmedicated outpatients with acute nonpsychotic major depression.
Psychological MedicineDecreased working memory and processing speed mediate cognitive impairment in geriatric depression
290 Citations2000Robert D. Nebes, Meryl A. Butters +5 more
Processing resources are decreased in elderly depressed patients and this decrease appears to mediate impairments in several areas of neuropsychological functioning including episodic memory and visuospatial performance.
Psychological MedicineNeuropsychological function in young patients with unipolar major depression
283 Citations1997Rosemary Purcell, Paul Maruff +2 more
There are specific cognitive deficits in young patients with depression and their presence may be related to a history of hospitalization, indicating deficits in the ability to sustain motor responses in depression.
American Journal of PsychiatryPrefrontal Cortical Dysfunction in Depression Determined by Wisconsin Card Sorting Test Performance
279 Citations1999Elisha P. Merriam, Michael E. Thase +3 more
Depressed patients demonstrated significant deficits on multiple Wisconsin Card Sorting Test measures compared with healthy individuals, and these deficits were correlated with the severity of depression and were less severe than those demonstrated by patients with schizophrenia.
Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & PsychiatryThe brief scale for anxiety: a subdivision of the comprehensive psychopathological rating scale.
271 Citations1984Peter Tyrer, R T Owen +1 more
A rating scale suitable for recording anxious symptoms is described and comprises 10 items, all of which are rated on a 7 point scale, suitable for the rating of pathological anxiety alone or for anxiety occurring in the setting of other psychological or medical disorder.
PubMedNeuropsychological function in nonpsychotic unipolar major depression.
242 Citations2001Nils Inge Landrø, Tore C. Stiles +1 more
The neurobiological implications of the present results are in accordance with the hypothesis that there is a global-diffuse impairment of brain function with particular involvement of the frontal lobes in nonpsychotic unipolar major depressive disorder.
Psychiatry ResearchExecutive functioning and verbal memory in young patients with unipolar depression and schizophrenia
239 Citations1999Philippe Fossati, Gilles Amar +3 more
The findings highlight the heterogeneity of skills grouped under the term 'executive functions' that are vulnerable in depression or schizophrenia and highlight the pattern of memory failure in schizophrenics, which is believed to reflect retrieval and encoding deficits.
Psychological MedicineTime course of prefrontal lobe dysfunction in severely depressed in-patients: a longitudinal neuropsychological study
223 Citations1995Christian Trichard, J. L. Martinot +5 more
Both tests were impaired in patients at inclusion, but only verbal fluency normalized with successful treatment of depression, suggesting that a selective attention deficit may persist in patients beyond a clear clinical improvement.
BrainBRADYPHRENIA IN PARKINSON'S DISEASE AND PSYCHOMOTOR RETARDATION IN DEPRESSIVE ILLNESS
219 Citations1987Daniel Rogers, Andrew J. Lees +3 more
Journal of Affective DisordersAn analysis of memory dysfunction in major depression
192 Citations1995Joanne Ilsley, A. Moffoot +1 more
Research and perspectives in neurosciencesMotor and Cognitive Functions of the Prefrontal Cortex
185 Citations1994A.M. Thierry, J. Głowiński +2 more
How to Study Frontal Lobe Functions in Humans and the Issue of Memory in the Study of Prefrontal Function.
Psychological MedicineWorking memory in clinical depression: an experimental study
123 Citations1993Shelley Channon, Jane Baker +1 more
It is suggested the articulatory loop and visuospatial sketch pad components of working memory to be unimpaired in depression and likely to involve central executive function.
PsychopathologyAssessment of Frontal Lobe Functioning in Schizophrenia and Unipolar Major Depression
92 Citations2010Petra Franke, Wolfgang Maier +4 more
There do exist disturbances in frontal lobe cognitive functioning in schizophrenia and depression, and there was only little difference between schizophrenics and depressed patients in the frontal lobe associated tasks: WCST, TMT and Verbal Fluency.
The Journal of Nervous and Mental DiseaseAttention Disturbance in Clinical Depression Deficient Distractor Inhibition or Processing Resource Deficit?
59 Citations1996Sophie Lemelin, Philippe Baruch +4 more
In non- or mildly retarded patients, a specific distractor inhibition deficit was observed in absence of resource deficit, favoring the processing resource hypothesis.
Psychological MedicineImpaired distractor inhibition on a selective attention task in unmedicated, depressed subjects
43 Citations2000Glenda MacQueen, Steven P. Tipper +3 more