Toward Reduction of Prejudice: Intergroup Contact and Social Categorization
Published 1 January 2003
Marilynn B. Brewer, Samuel L. Gaertner
Citations145
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
Abstract
This chapter contains section titled: The Contact Hypothesis Social Categorization/Social Identity Theory Combining Contact and Categorization Theories: Alternative Models for Reducing Ingroup Bias and Intergroup Discrimination Hybrid Models: An Integration of Approaches Conclusions: Implications for Multicultural Societies References
Keywords
PsychologySocial Sciences
Annual Review of PsychologyINTERGROUP CONTACT THEORY
5,922 Citations1998Thomas F. Pettigrew
The chapter proposes four processes: learning about the outgroup, changed behavior, affective ties, and ingroup reappraisal, and distinguishes between essential and facilitating factors, and emphasizes different outcomes for different stages of contact.
European Journal of Social PsychologySocial categorization and intergroup behaviour
5,511 Citations1971Henri Tajfel, M. G. Billig +2 more
Personality and Social Psychology BulletinThe Social Self: On Being the Same and Different at the Same Time
5,005 Citations1991Marilynn B. Brewer
Journal of Social IssuesThe Psychology of Prejudice: Ingroup Love and Outgroup Hate?
3,423 Citations1999Marilynn B. Brewer
Psychological BulletinIn-group bias in the minimal intergroup situation: A cognitive-motivational analysis.
3,336 Citations1979Marilynn B. Brewer
Reducing Intergroup Bias: The Common Ingroup Identity Model
2,199 Citations2000Samuel L. Gaertner, John F. Dovidio
European Journal of Social PsychologySubtle and blatant prejudice in western Europe
1,928 Citations1995Thomas F. Pettigrew, Roel W. Meertens
Contemporary Sociology A Journal of ReviewsSocial Identity Theory: Constructive and Critical Advances.
1,581 Citations1991Michael Billig, Dominic Abrams +1 more
European Review of Social PsychologyThe Common Ingroup Identity Model: Recategorization and the Reduction of Intergroup Bias
1,497 Citations1993Samuel L. Gaertner, John F. Dovidio +3 more
This chapter introduces the common ingroup identity model, which proposes that bias can be reduced by factors that transform members' perceptions of group boundaries from “us” and “them” to a more inclusive “the authors”.
Journal of Social IssuesIntergroup Anxiety
1,426 Citations1985Walter G. Stephan, Cookie White Stephan
European Journal of Social PsychologySocial comparison and social identity: Some prospects for intergroup behaviour
1,421 Citations1975John Turner
Journal of Personality and Social PsychologyThe extended contact effect: Knowledge of cross-group friendships and prejudice.
1,356 Citations1997Stephen C. Wright, Arthur Aron +2 more
Personality and Social Psychology BulletinGeneralized Intergroup Contact Effects on Prejudice
1,176 Citations1997Thomas F. Pettigrew
Contact and Conflict in Intergroup Encounters
1,165 Citations1986Miles Hewstone, Rupert Brown
Stereotypes and Stereotyping
909 Citations1996C. Neil Macrae, Mrc Hewstone +1 more
Journal of Personality and Social PsychologyReducing intergroup bias: The benefits of recategorization.
799 Citations1989Samuel L. Gaertner, Jeffrey A. Mann +2 more
Personality and Social Psychology BulletinDimensions of Contact as Predictors of Intergroup Anxiety, Perceived Out-Group Variability, and Out-Group Attitude: An Integrative Model
789 Citations1993Mir Rabiul Islam, Miles Hewstone
Personality and Social Psychology ReviewSocial Discrimination and Tolerance in Intergroup Relations: Reactions to Intergroup Difference
648 Citations1999Amélie Mummendey, Michael Wenzel
A theoretical approach to social discrimination and intergroup relations characterized by tolerance and plurality is presented and central to the analysis is the question of how members deal with intergroup difference.
Journal of Social IssuesSocial Categorization and Behavioral Episodes: A Cognitive Analysis of the Effects of Intergroup Contact
603 Citations1985Myron Rothbart, Oliver P. John
Kent Academic Repository (University of Kent)Group Motivation: Social Psychological Perspectives
522 Citations1993Michael A. Hogg, Dominic Abrams
Journal of Experimental Social PsychologyExtending the Benefits of Recategorization: Evaluations, Self-Disclosure, and Helping
471 Citations1997John F. Dovidio, Samuel L. Gaertner +4 more
The manipulation of the intergroup contact situation that created stronger impressions of one group reduced intergroup bias in evaluations, self-disclosure, and helping, and ratings of the extent to which the six participants felt like one group mediated the reduction in bias.
Psychological ScienceSuperordinate Identification, Subgroup Identification, and Justice Concerns: Is Separatism the Problem; Is Assimilation the Answer?
430 Citations1996Yuen J. Huo, Heather J. Smith +2 more
International Journal of Intercultural RelationsRevisiting the contact hypothesis: The induction of a common ingroup identity
426 Citations1996Samuel L. Gaertner, John F. Dovidio +1 more
Personality and Social Psychology BulletinSubgroup Relations: A Comparison of Mutual Intergroup Differentiation and Common Ingroup Identity Models of Prejudice Reduction
419 Citations2000Matthew J. Hornsey, Michael A. Hogg
Advances in experimental social psychologySocial Categorization: Implications for Creation and Reduction of Intergroup Bias
336 Citations1986David A. Wilder
Categorization serves two functions, enables to simplify the present social environment and to predict future social behavior and there is a risk error when using a category based on phenotypic similarities to infer genotypic properties.
European Journal of Social PsychologyChanging attitudes through intergroup contact: the effects of group membership salience
252 Citations1999Rupert Brown, James Vivian +1 more
Medical Entomology and ZoologyGroups and Individuals: Explanations in Social Psychology
207 Citations1978Willem Doise
European Journal of Social PsychologySocial differentiation and social originality
203 Citations1974Gérard Lemaine
Journal of Experimental Social PsychologyIntergroup contact: The typical member and the exception to the rule
194 Citations1984David A. Wilder
Journal of Experimental Social PsychologyCooperation and the reduction of intergroup bias: The role of reward structure and social orientation
191 Citations1992B. Ann Bettencourt, Marilynn B. Brewer +2 more
British Journal of Social PsychologyInter‐ethnic contact as a predictor of blatant and subtle prejudice: Tests of a model in four West European nations <sup>1</sup>
183 Citations1997Jürgen Hamberger, Miles Hewstone
Journal of Personality and Social PsychologyA theoretical analysis of crossed categorization effects: A meta-analysis.
163 Citations1998Lynn M. Urban, Norman Miller
European Journal of Social PsychologyJustice and power: when will justice concerns encourage the advantaged to support policies which redistribute economic resources and the disadvantaged to willingly obey the law?
157 Citations1996Heather J. Smith, Tom R. Tyler
European Journal of Social PsychologySuperordinate goals and intergroup behaviour: The effect of role ambiguity and status on intergroup attitudes and task performance
146 Citations1987Rupert Brown, Gillian Wade
Journal of Social IssuesCooperative Interaction in Desegregated Settings: A Laboratory Analogue
143 Citations1985Norman Miller, Marilynn B. Brewer +1 more
British Journal of Social PsychologyCross‐cutting category membership with role assignment: A means of reducing intergroup bias
138 Citations1993Amy Marcus‐Newhall, Norman Miller +2 more
Contact and Cooperation
135 Citations1988Marilynn B. Brewer, Norman Miller
European Journal of Social PsychologyCooperation, ethnic salience and generalization of interethnic attitudes
132 Citations1996Jan Pieter van Oudenhoven, Jan Tjeerd Groenewoud +1 more
British Journal of Social PsychologySuperordinate goals and intergroup conflict
132 Citations1983Jean‐Claude Deschamps, Rupert Brown
British Journal of Social and Clinical PsychologyThe Criss‐cross Categorization Effect in intergroup discrimination
129 Citations1979Rupert Brown, John Turner
Journal of Experimental Social PsychologyIntergroup cooperation and intergroup attraction: The effect of previous interaction and outcome of combined effort
122 Citations1977Stephen Worchel, Virginia Andreoli +1 more
European Journal of Social PsychologyCategorization and intergroup anxiety in contact between British and Japanese nationals
113 Citations1999Katy Greenland, Rupert Brown
Journal of Family PsychologyAchieving stepfamily harmony: An intergroup-relations approach.
86 Citations1998Brenda S. Banker, Samuel L. Gaertner
School Desegregation
85 Citations1975Harold B. Gerard, Norman Miller
Personality and Social Psychology BulletinCooperative Interaction and Intergroup Bias: Effects of Numerical Representation and Cross-Cut Role Assignment
38 Citations1998B. Ann Bettencourt, Nancy Dorr
