Male breast cancer: a review of clinical management
Breast Cancer Research and TreatmentPublished 10 October 2006
Amit Agrawal, Abraham Ayantunde, R.S. Rampaul, J.F.R. Robertson
Citations164
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score1.35
SNIP1.00
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
TL;DR
There is, thus, need for further increasing awareness among men to reduce stigma associated with presentation of symptoms related to breast cancer and the ways of earlier detection and tailor-made “gender oriented” treatment of breast cancer in men.
Abstract
There is, thus, need for further increasing awareness among men to reduce stigma associated with presentation of symptoms related to breast. This should be in addition to stressing to clinicians the ways of earlier detection and tailor-made "gender oriented" treatment of breast cancer in men.
Keywords
MedicineBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
The LancetResults of the ATAC (Arimidex, Tamoxifen, Alone or in Combination) trial after completion of 5 years' adjuvant treatment for breast cancer
2,281 Citations2005Anthony Howell, Jack Cuzick +8 more
Anastrozole should be the preferred initial treatment for postmenopausal women with localised hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer, especially gynaecological problems and vascular events, but arthralgia and fractures were increased.
ScienceLocalization of a Breast Cancer Susceptibility Gene, <i>BRCA2</i> , to Chromosome 13q12-13
1,896 Citations1994Richard Wooster, Susan L. Neuhausen +29 more
This analysis localized a second breast cancer susceptibility locus, BRCA2, to a 6-centimorgan interval on chromosome 13q12-13, which preliminary evidence suggests suggests confers a high risk of breast cancer but does not confer a substantially elevated risk of ovarian cancer.
CancerBreast carcinoma in men
786 Citations2004Sharon H. Giordano, Deborah S. Cohen +3 more
The goals of the current study were to fill in the major gaps in knowledge regarding the incidence, presenting characteristics, prognostic factors, and survival rates of male breast carcinoma and to determine how Breast carcinoma differs between men and women.
The LancetMale breast cancer
727 Citations2006Ian S. Fentiman, Alain Fourquet +1 more
Indications for radiotherapy, by stage, are similar to female breast cancer, and tamoxifen is standard adjuvant therapy, but some individuals could also benefit from chemotherapy.
Annals of Internal MedicineBreast Cancer in Men
486 Citations2002Sharon H. Giordano, Aman U. Buzdar +1 more
The epidemiology, risk factors, genetics, pathology, molecular markers, prognostic factors, therapy, and outcomes of breast cancer in men that has been published over the past decade are reviewed.
The BreastEpidemiology of male breast cancer
402 Citations2020Santhi D. Konduri, Maharaj Singh +3 more
Socioeconomic factors, cancer stage, tumor characteristics (size and grade), and high Charlson-Dayo score contributed to higher mortality among male patients diagnosed with breast cancer.
International Journal of CancerReview article: Epidemiology of male breast cancer. A meta‐analysis of published case‐control studies and discussion of selected aetiological factors
400 Citations1993Annie J. Sasco, Albert B. Lowenfels +1 more
Overall, the analytical Epidemiology of male breast cancer presents similarities with the epidemiology of female breast cancer, with a potential role of factors related to hormonal status, relative hyperoestrogeny in men being potentially linked to increased risk of disease.
CancerMale breast carcinoma
325 Citations1999Paul E. Goss, Caroline Reid +3 more
A single‐institution review of clinical presentation, treatment, and outcome of male breast carcinoma was conducted.
American Journal of EpidemiologyBreast Cancer In Men: Risk Factors with Hormonal Implications
228 Citations1992David B. Thomas, L. Margarita Jimenez +12 more
It is suggested that breast cancer in men develops in response to androgen deficiency associated with testicular dysfunction and under conditions associated with excess estrogen.
BMJCarcinoma of breast in trans-sexual individuals after surgical and hormonal interference with the primary and secondary sex characteristics.
228 Citations1968W. St. C. Symmers
It seems wholly reasonable to conclude that the development of the cancer was a side-effect of the feminizing operations, including mammoplasty and in one case the construction of a pro-vagina.
PubMedPrevalence of Klinefelter's syndrome in male breast cancer patients.
223 Citations1998Ragnar Hultborn, Corrine Hanson +4 more
A 50-fold increased risk of developing breast cancer in males with KS relative to normal males was found, a much higher rate than previously reported.
American Journal of EpidemiologyOccupational Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields and Breast Cancer in Men
220 Citations1991Paul A. Demers, David B. Thomas +14 more
An elevated risk of breast cancer was found for any job with exposure, and risk was highest among electricians, telephone linemen, and electric power workers and radio and communications workers.
CancerCarcinoma of the breast in males
205 Citations1998William L. Donegan, Philip N. Redlich +2 more
Cases of breast carcinoma in males were accrued from multiple hospitals in one region to determine treatment, survival, and prognostic factors.
CancerAdjuvant systemic therapy for male breast carcinoma
202 Citations2005Sharon H. Giordano, George H. Perkins +5 more
In the current study, the authors describe the M. D. Anderson experience with adjuvant systemic therapy in male breast carcinoma patients and suggest that this experience should be considered as a model for further studies.
Annals of SurgeryCurrent Management of Male Breast Cancer
201 Citations1992Patrick I. Borgen, George Y. Wong +6 more
The profile of the stages at diagnosis, the treatment approach, and the survival rates approximate those reported in series of female breast cancers, and overall, the two diseases are remarkably similar.
American Journal of Medical GeneticsFrontometaphyseal dysplasia: Neonatal radiographic diagnosis
193 Citations1995Ronald B. J. Glass, Kenneth N. Rosenbaum
This work presents 2 newborn boys with the radiographic findings of FMD, an X-linked dominant trait with more severe manifestations in males and with extreme variability in females.
Breast Cancer ResearchBRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in a population-based study of male breast cancer
192 Citations2001Victoria M. Basham, Julian Lipscombe +5 more
The data suggest that other genes that confer an increased risk for both female and male breast cancer have yet to be found.
CancerBilateral breast carcinoma
186 Citations2000Dwight E. Heron, Lydia Komarnicky +3 more
The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of bilateral breast carcinoma patients with those of patients who had unilateral disease.
Annals of Internal MedicineCarcinoma of the Male Breast
185 Citations1992Ishmael Jaiyesimi, Aman U. Buzdar +2 more
The data suggest that breast cancers in men are more likely to respond to hormonal manipulation than in women with breast carcinoma, and the epidemiology, prognostic factors, survival by stage, pattern of metastasis, and response to treatment inmen are similar to those in women.
British Journal of CancerAdjuvant Tamoxifen for male breast cancer (MBC)
181 Citations1992G Ribeiro, R Swindell
The conclusion from this, the first reported series on adjuvant Tamoxifen therapy for MBC, is that significant improvement in disease-free survival can be achieved with minimal upset to the patients.
Acta OncologicaRisk Factors for Male Breast Cancer—A Case-Control Study from Scandinavia
173 Citations2001Marianne Ewertz, Lars Holmberg +3 more
A population-based case-control study on risk factors for male breast cancer in a set of Scandinavian breast cancer cases and matched controls could not substantiate some associations seen in other studies; namely those with high education, fertility, marital status, testicular injury, liver disease and religion.
SEER Program: cancer incidence and mortality in the United States 1973-81.
167 Citations1984Horm Jw, Asire Aj +2 more
Data are presented on cancer incidence and mortality in the United States from 1973 to 1981 primarily taken from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Program.
CancerThe prognosis of breast cancer in males a report of 335 cases
162 Citations1993Vincent F. Guinee, Rick Shallenberger +11 more
No studies of male patients with breast cancer have presented survival information based on the number of histologically positive axillary nodes, the most sensitive single indicator of prognosis in women with breastcancer.
SurgeryAn analysis of male and female breast cancer treatment and survival among demographically identical pairs of patients
155 Citations1999Carol E. H. Scott‐Conner, Peter R. Jochimsen +2 more
This large comparative study is the first to detail stage-specific differences in contemporary treatment strategies for highly comparable groups of men and women treated for breast cancer.
European Journal of CancerMale breast cancer: a review of the literature
142 Citations1998Farhad Ravandi‐Kashani, T. G. Hayes
Much research is needed to further characterise the molecular biological properties of male breast tumours and their prognostic significance, and to devise treatment strategies, including optimal chemotherapy regimens.
JNCI Journal of the National Cancer InstituteRisk Factors for Male Breast Cancer<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">2</xref>
140 Citations1985Kiyóhiko Mabuchi, Deborah Bross +1 more
A significant association of male breast cancer with mumps infections at age 20 years or older, along with the possible association with antecedent testicular injury and the excess frequency of mumps orchitis among cases, suggests that testicular factors may be important in the development of breast cancer among males.
The American Journal of SurgeryStatus of HER-2 in male and female breast carcinoma
135 Citations2001Kenneth J. Bloom, Hema Govil +3 more
The rate of single-copy overexpression of HER-2 appears identical in male and female breast carcinoma and Gene amplification of Her-2 does not play a role in male breast carcinomas.
American Journal of Clinical OncologyAdjuvant Chemotherapy in Males with Cancer of the Breast
134 Citations1987Caroline S. Bagley, Margaret N. Wesley +2 more
It is concluded that adjuvant therapy of MBC with a CMF regimen is feasible and may be associated with substantial improvement in disease-free survival and overall survival.
British Journal of Health PsychologySocial barriers to emotional expression and their relations to distress in male and female cancer patients
127 Citations2003Sandra G. Zakowski, Casey A. Harris +5 more
Men may be more vulnerable to social barriers to expression than previously assumed and gender differences in emotional expressivity may be less important than the social context in which expression takes place.
CancerDuctal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) in the male breast
126 Citations1998A Hittmair, Ruth A. Lininger +1 more
Ductal carcinoma in situ in the male breast is a rare disease that to the authors' knowledge has been investigated to date only in small numbers.
CancerRole of adjuvant chemotherapy in male breast cancer
120 Citations1989Helen Z. Patel, Aman U. Buzdar +1 more
It is suggested that adjuvant therapy reduced the risk of recurrence and favorably influenced the survival in this patient population and should be considered in male patients with primary breast cancer.
Breast Cancer Research and TreatmentHer-2/neu Gene Amplification and Protein Expression in Primary Male Breast Cancer
119 Citations2004Christian Rudlowski, Nicolaus Friedrichs +6 more
This is the first comprehensive study of HER-2/neu gene amplification by FISH analysis by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) utilizing the PathVysion™ assay (Vysis Corp., Downers Grove, Illinois) to assess hercepTest™ status.
British Journal of CancerMale breast carcinoma--a review of 301 cases from the Christie Hospital & Holt Radium Institute, Manchester
119 Citations1985G Ribeiro
A series of 301 cases of male breast carcinoma has been analysed and patients treated at The Christie Hospital, Manchester and followed-up for a maximum of 15 years have a corrected survival of 55% at 5 years compared to 28% previously.
European Journal of RadiologyMale breast disease: clinical, mammographic, and ultrasonographic features
117 Citations2002Işıl Günhan-Bilgen, Halil Bozkaya +2 more
Male breast has a wide spectrum of diseases, some of which have characteristic radiological appearances that can be correlated with their pathologic diagnosis and mammography and US are essential and should be performed along with physical examination.
American Journal of Clinical OncologyEfficacy of Anastrozole in Male Breast Cancer
117 Citations2002Sharon H. Giordano, Vicente Valero +2 more
Five male patients with metastatic breast cancer who were treated at M. D. Anderson with anastrozole were identified and five cases are reported on.
The American Journal of SurgeryA comparison outcome of male breast cancer with female breast cancer
116 Citations1997Peter C. Willsher, I. H. Leach +4 more
When prognostic factors are allowed for, male and female breast cancer patients have a similar outcome, suggesting that such features should be taken into account when determining management for males with breast cancer just as they are in females.
JNCI Journal of the National Cancer InstituteRisk of Subsequent Cancer Following Breast Cancer in Men
115 Citations2002Anssi Auvinen
It is concluded that men diagnosed with breast cancer are at high risk of contralateral breast cancer, and the relative risk of second breast cancer was substantially higher among men than among women with breastcancer, but the absolute excess risk was lower.
PubMedA case-control study of male breast cancer.
115 Citations1988John T. Casagrande, Rosemarie Hanisch +4 more
Serum estrone levels were positively, and sex-hormone-binding globulin levels were negatively, related to body weight, and the greater weight of the cases is interpreted as suggesting that the underlying risk factor is an increased exposure to bioavailable estrogen.
European Journal of Surgical OncologyMale breast cancer: a 22-year experience
112 Citations1998Emin Yıldırım, Uğur Berberoğlu
Cox's regression model revealed that axillary status, tumour size and type of surgical treatment were the most important independent prognostic factors associated with survival in male breast cancer patients treated between 1972 and 1994.
European Journal of CancerPrognosis of breast cancer in males: an analysis of 170 cases
111 Citations1994B Salvadori, Roberto Saccozzi +5 more
It appears from the analysis that prognosis of breast cancer is worse in men than in women.
The BreastGranulomatous mastitis can mimic breast cancer on clinical, radiological or cytological examination: a cautionary tale
108 Citations2003Rakesh Heer, J Shrimankar +1 more
These cases demonstrate the difficulty in clinical diagnosis of granulomatous mastitis and emphasizes that although there may be clues from the history, clinical awareness that this condition can mimic breast cancer in all aspects of the triple assessment process should arouse suspicion.
Journal of Clinical OncologyMale breast cancer: a 13-year review of 89 patients.
108 Citations1984Charles Erlichman, Kay Murphy +1 more
The results of this review would suggest that many similarities exist between breast cancer in women and in men, and it is reasonable to recommend management of this disease be based on the greater base of knowledge available for carcinoma of the female breast.
The American Journal of GastroenterologyRisk of Breast Cancer in Men With Liver Cirrhosis
107 Citations1998Henrik Toft Sørensen, Søren Friis +7 more
Cirrhosis, possibly via high levels of endogenous estrogens, increases the risk of breast cancer in men through an estrogen-mediated link between liver cirrhosis and breast cancer.
The LancetLinkage to BRCA2 region in hereditary male breast cancer
103 Citations1995Steinunn Thorlacius, Helga M. Ögmundsdóttir +5 more
A family with multiple cases of male breast cancer but, interestingly, no increase in female breast cancer is described, linking to the BRCA2 region is demonstrated and all the affected men share the same haplotype for the BCRA2 markers and loss of the other alleles in their tumours.
Journal of Medical GeneticsLarge genomic rearrangements of both <i>BRCA2</i> and <i>BRCA1</i> are a feature of the inherited breast/ovarian cancer phenotype in selected families: Table 1
102 Citations2005Amanda Woodward, T A Davis +3 more
Screening for large genomic rearrangements in both BRCA1 and BRCa2 is strongly supported by this study, in particular in multiple case breast/ovarian families with a young age of onset and families containing at least one case of male breast cancer (BRCA2).
Cancer Causes & ControlHistologic types and hormone receptors in breast cancer in men: a population-based study in 282 United States men
98 Citations1993Helge Stalsberg, David B. Thomas +12 more
Histologic slides from 282 incident cases of breast cancer in men, that were identified in 10 population-based cancer registries in the United States, were reviewed by a single pathologist and found that men had smaller proportions of lobular and mucinous types and larger proportions of ductal and papillary types and Paget's disease.
European Journal of CancerDuctal carcinoma in situ of the male breast. Analysis of 31 cases
98 Citations1997B. Cutuli, Jean-Marie Dilhuydy +18 more
Surgical Clinics of North AmericaBREAST CANCER IN MEN
97 Citations1996William L. Donegan, Philip N. Redlich
Men are generally older and in more advanced stages than women when diagnosed, the tumors are located more often beneath the nipple and are more often responsive to hormonal therapy, but otherwise differences are negligible.
Journal of Clinical OncologyOncogenes and Male Breast Carcinoma: c-erbB-2 and p53 Coexpression Predicts a Poor Survival
96 Citations2000Achille Pich, E Margaria +1 more
Overexpression of c-myc, c-erbB-2, and p53 proteins may be regarded as an additional prognostic factor in MBC and can stratify patients into different risk groups.
Cancer ResearchSignificant Contribution of Germline <b> <i>BRCA2</i> </b> Rearrangements in Male Breast Cancer Families
95 Citations2004Isabelle Tournier, Brigitte Bressac–de Paillerets +17 more
The complete BRCA2 deletion is mapped and it is shown that it does not affect APRIN/AS3, previously characterized as a tumor suppressor gene, but it comprises several loci corresponding to proven or putative transcripts of unknown functional significance.
PubMedBreast cancer in a male-to-female transsexual. A case report.
90 Citations1988Timothy Pritchard, D A Pankowsky +2 more
PubMedMale breast cancer: pathological and immunohistochemical features.
90 Citations1997Peter C. Willsher, I. H. Leach +6 more
While there are similarities in the biological features of breast cancer in males and females, some differences were identified and male breast cancer is more likely to be grade 3 tumours and hormone receptor positive.
American Journal of RoentgenologySonographic Features of Primary Breast Cancer in Men
90 Citations2001Wei Yang, Gary J. Whitman +3 more
The appearance of a complex cystic mass in the male breast on sonography should suggest the possibility of malignancy and therefore warrants biopsy.
Cancer Causes & ControlAlcohol Drinking May Increase Risk of Breast Cancer in Men: A European Population-Based Case–Control Study
88 Citations2004Pascal Guénel, Diane Cyr +10 more
It is found that the relative risk of breast cancer in men is comparable to that in women for alcohol intakes below 60 g per day, and continues to increase at high consumption levels not usually studied in women.
European Journal of Surgical OncologyBreast cancer risk among the survivors of atomic bomb and patients exposed to therapeutic ionising radiation
85 Citations2003A. Carmichael, Amtul Salam Sami +1 more
Younger age at first full term pregnancy confers a protective effect against the risk of breast cancer in the survivors of atomic bomb but long-term data on this beneficial effect after therapeutic radiation is not available.
CancerSentinel lymph node biopsy in patients with male breast carcinoma
84 Citations2001Elisa Port, Jane V. Fey +2 more
The authors evaluated the role of SLNB in the treatment of men with early stage breast carcinoma and the importance of knowing the carrier and removal status of canine coronavirus is evaluated.
JNCI Journal of the National Cancer InstituteMale Breast Cancer Incidence Among Atomic Bomb Survivors
82 Citations2005Elaine Ron, Takayoshi Ikeda +2 more
The finding of a statistically significant association between ionizing radiation and male breast cancer incidence adds to the very limited information that shows an association between radiation exposure and an increased risk ofmale breast cancer.
CancerRacial/ethnic differences in survival rates in a population‐based series of men with breast carcinoma†
82 Citations2002Cynthia D. O’Malley, Angela W. Prehn +2 more
A rare occurrence, about 1500 men in the United States develop breast carcinoma each year and little is known about survival patterns at the population level, particularly about racial/ethnic variation.
The BreastMale cancer: a qualitative study of male breast cancer
81 Citations2000Lydéric France, Susan Michie +4 more
The recommendations arising from this study are the development of a structured education programme aimed at all primary health-care professionals, with availability of pre and postoperative gender-specific information to alleviate the potential psychological problems associated with the diagnosis.
Occupational and Environmental MedicineCase-control study of occupational exposures and male breast cancer.
77 Citations1998Pierluigi Cocco, L W Figgs +4 more
The finding on socioeconomic status suggests that, as well as reproductive factors, other lifestyle factors such as diet that may be related to high socioeconomic status in men should be investigated further.
Journal of Clinical OncologyPsychological Distress in Men With Breast Cancer
76 Citations2005Kate Brain, Buddug Williams +3 more
Although the prevalence of clinical anxiety and depressive symptoms were low in this sample of men with breast cancer, almost a quarter of men experienced traumatic stress symptoms specific to breast cancer.
CancerDuctal carcinoma in situ of the male breast
75 Citations1994Mauricio G. Camus, Megha Joshi +8 more
Ductal carcinoma in situ of the male breast is an uncommon disease, accounting for approximately 7% of all male breast carcinomas, and clinical features, pathology, and treatment are not well defined in the literature.
Journal of Surgical OncologyEfficacy of sentinel lymph node biopsy in male breast cancer
75 Citations2004Vincent M. Cimmino, Amy C. Degnim +4 more
European Journal of Surgical OncologySentinel lymph node biopsy in male breast cancer patients
74 Citations2004Amit Goyal, Kieran Horgan +6 more
CancerIn situ male breast carcinoma in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database of the National Cancer Institute
72 Citations2005William F. Anderson, Susan S. Devesa
In situ breast carcinoma is not so well characterized for men as for women, but the prognosis for women with this condition is poor.
American Journal of EpidemiologyOccupational Exposures Associated with Male Breast Cancer
72 Citations1994Paula F. Rosenbaum, John E. Vena +2 more
The role of occupational exposure to heat and electromagnetic fields was investigated in a case-control study of male breast cancer and indicated that males with occupations that involved heat exposure had an elevated risk for the disease.
International Journal of OncologyMale breast cancer: A special therapeutic problem. Anything new? (Review)
72 Citations2004Roberto Gennari, Giuseppe Curigliano +10 more
The data suggest that the immunohistochemical evaluation of p21Waf1 and p27Kip1 expression in male breast carcinomas may be a further useful marker for selecting patients who express functional proteins that can be predictive for the most efficient endocrine response.
Breast Cancer Research and TreatmentEvaluation of Lymph Node Status in Male Breast Cancer Patients: A Role for Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy*
72 Citations2003Daniel Albo, Frederick C. Ames +4 more
Journal of Surgical OncologySuccessful use of letrozole in male breast cancer: A case report and review of hormonal therapy for male breast cancer
70 Citations2005Brent Zabolotny, Christian V. Zalai +1 more
The successful treatment of a male with locally advanced breast cancer using the aromatase inhibitor letrozole is reported.
JAMABreast Cancer in a Male-to-Female Transsexual
69 Citations1988Timothy Pritchard
The clinicopathological findings in a patient who developed breast carcinoma ten years after male-to-female sexual reassignment are reported, and all patients received oral estrogens for prolonged periods to maintain secondary female characteristics.
British Journal of CancerAndrogen receptor expression in male breast carcinoma: lack of clinicopathological association
68 Citations1999Achille Pich, E Margaria +3 more
Archives of SurgeryMen With Breast Cancer Have Better Disease-Specific Survival Than Women
67 Citations2004Mahmoud El‐Tamer, Ian K. Komenaka +6 more
While the overall survivals were equivalent, male breast cancer patients had significantly better disease-specific survivals compared with their female counterparts.
PubMedCancer of the male breast.
67 Citations1994Bryan J. Sandler, Chelsea L. Carman +1 more
A retrospective review of male breast cancer patients at Eastern Virginia Medical School and affiliated hospitals was performed, and the high frequency of estrogen receptor positivity suggests tamoxifen may prove to be particularly useful in these patients.
Acta CytologicaFine Needle Aspiration Cytology in the Management of Male Breast Masses
66 Citations1999Anuradha Joshi, Kusum Kapila +1 more
FNAC is a very accurate tool for diagnosis of male breast lesions, it is highly sensitive and specific, with good cytohistologic correlation, and should be an integral part of the primary assessment of breast lumps in males.
Cancer Causes & ControlOccupational exposure to magnetic fields in relation to male breast cancer and testicular cancer: a Swedish case-control study
66 Citations1997Carin Stenlund, Birgitta Floderus
The conclusion is that the results for male breast cancer, based on limited numbers, fail to support the suggested association with MF exposure, and results for testicular cancer gave some support to the hypothesis of ahormonal link between MFs and cancer.
Archives of Internal MedicineHormonal Therapy for Metastatic Male Breast Cancer
66 Citations1983H Kantarjian
Ablative and additive hormonal therapy offer effective palliation to one third of male breast cancer patients, produce little toxic effects and morbidity, and improve survival duration after metastasis in responders.
JNCI Journal of the National Cancer InstituteHead Trauma and Exposure to Prolactin-Elevating Drugs as Risk Factors for Male Breast Cancer
63 Citations1988Håkan Olsson, Jonas Ranstam
The results confirm some previously described risk factors for male breast cancer and suggest that events elevating plasma prolactin and events predisposing for inguinal hernias may be new risk Factors for the disease.
International Journal of CancerDescriptive epidemiology of male breast cancer in Europe
62 Citations1992Carlo La Vecchia, Fabio Levi +1 more
This overview of male breast cancer trends in Europe precludes any generalized increase in mortality from the disease over recent decades and, hence, weighs against the introduction and presence of any important new cause of this rare disease.
Cancer Treatment ReviewsHormonal therapy for male breast cancer: A different approach for a different disease
62 Citations2006Zeina Nahleh
The major hormonal differences between male and female breast cancer that would suggest the need to explore different treatment strategies if significant advances are to be made in the understanding and treatment of this distinct disease are focused on.
CancerAdvanced male breast cancer treatment with the LH-RH analogue buserelin alone or in combination with the antiandrogen flutamide
58 Citations1988C. Doberauer, N. Niederle +1 more
Buserelin initiates a castration‐like endocrine response and has potential in the treatment of men with disseminated breast cancer when used either alone or in combination with flutamide.
Gynecologic OncologyFactors influencing prognosis
58 Citations1974James Nolan, C. Paul Morrow +1 more
An attempt is made to assess the usual pretreatment information thought to have prognostic significance in adenocarcinoma of the uterine corpus to emphasize the wide variation in patient material which was possible to be accumulated from a prognostic point of view.
OncologyHormonal Treatment of Disseminated Male Breast Cancer
57 Citations2009Massimo Lopez, Luigi Di Lauro +2 more
Additive hormonal therapy may provide effective palliation in males with advanced breast cancer, and should be considered as a valid alternative to orchiectomy.
CancerLong-term survival following cancer of the male breast in Northern Ireland. A report of 81 cases
50 Citations1985Ray A. J. Spence, Gilbert MacKenzie +3 more
Overall 5‐and 10‐year survival allowing for all causes of death was 38% and 17%, respectively and Cox's (1972) proportional hazard regression model was used to assess the contribution of various factors to survival.
PubMedPaget's disease of the male breast.
50 Citations1996Devendra Desai, E J Brennan +1 more
A histopathologically proven case of Paget's disease of the breast in a 47-year-old male induced a review of the 32 cases in the world's literature, and the treatment of this disease must focus on the pathology of the underlying tumor.
British Journal of CancerMale Breast Cancer
49 Citations1974Ole Scheike
Comparison of the 5-year corrected survival rates in series of male and female breast cancer shows that the prognosis in male breast cancer is not much worse than the prediction in females and it is recommended that treatment of this rather uncommon disease be centralized as far as possible.
British Journal of CancerExperiences of men with breast cancer: an exploratory focus group study
46 Citations2003Buddug Williams, Rachel Iredale +4 more
It is reported that men have specific issues regarding certain aspects of their breast cancer experience, including diagnosis, disclosure, support and gender-specific information, and suggestions for improved patient care are offered.
Diagnostic CytopathologyFine‐needle aspiration cytology of the male breast in a cancer center
46 Citations1993Nour Sneige, Pamela D. Holder +5 more
It is concluded that fine‐needle aspiration of the male breast is a reliable means of assessment; however, unique problems may be encountered compared with aspiration ofThe female breast.
Clinical RadiologyTamoxifen in the treatment of male breast carcinoma
44 Citations1983G G Ribeiro
Patients with advanced carcinoma of the male breast treated with tamoxifen citrate should be the first line of endocrine therapy before orchidectomy or adrenalectomy, according to the singular lack of side-effects.
Breast Cancer Research and TreatmentAndrogen Receptor Gene Alterations in Finnish Male Breast Cancer
42 Citations2003Kirsi Syrjäkoski, E. Hyytinen +5 more
The data indicate that the AR gene does not substantially contribute to MBC predisposition and the CAG and GGC repeat lengths were similar among MBC cases as among Scandinavian population.
CancerTreatment results in males with breast cancer
40 Citations1982Roger F. Robison, Eleanor D. Montague
Chest wall recurrences developed in four of six patients with grave signs treated with radical mastectomy, and one had a recurrence in an unirradiated chest wall following peripheral lymphatic irradiation and three others had orthovoltage irradiation of 2400, 3000, and 4200 rad.
Current Treatment Options in OncologyMale breast cancer
36 Citations2003Matthew Volm
Treatments for men with breast cancer are based largely on accepted regimens for women with the disease, and hormonal therapy is a mainstay of treatment and tamoxifen remains the front-line drug of choice, although the latest generation of aromatase inhibitors have supplanted tamoxIFen as a first-line therapy for women.
Plastic & Reconstructive SurgeryCarcinoma of the Male Breast: An Underestimated Killer
35 Citations1998Giovanni Di Benedetto, Marina Pierangeli +1 more
The signs, symptoms, prognosis, and reconstructive methods of such an unusual form of breast cancer are discussed in this article.
Acta OncologicaMale Breast Carcinoma I. A study of the total material reported to the Swedish Cancer Registry 1958-1967 with respect to clinical and histopathologic parameters
33 Citations1987Ragnar Hultborn, Sten Friberg +1 more
The breast cancer incidence rate in males did not increase significantly during the period under review, and the age-specific incidence rate did not show a Clemmesen's hook but increased relatively more rapidly at high ages than for female breast carcinoma.
OncologyChemotherapy in Metastatic Male Breast Cancer
33 Citations2009Massimo Lopez, Luigi Di Lauro +2 more
The data suggest that cancer of the breast in the male is responsive to the same combinations used in the female, with regimens including adriamycin being probably superior to regimens without it.
Archives of SurgerySerous and Serosanguineous Discharge from the Male Nipple
33 Citations1956Norman Treves
A case of male breast cancer preceded by six years' intermittent bleeding from the nipple was described in 1830 by Mercier and Stanski and as in the succeeding reports and case studies, nipple discharge was clearly caused by a lesion contained within the breast.
International Journal of CancerFrequent amplification and overexpression of CCND1 in male breast cancer
32 Citations2004Maarit Bärlund, Tuula Kuukasjärvi +3 more
The results indicate distinct differences in the genetic basis of MBC and FBC and suggest that marked differences exist in the pathogenesis of these diseases.
Tumori JournalHormones in Male Breast Cancer
32 Citations1990Paola Ballerini, Camilla Recchione +4 more
The lack of abnormalities in peripherally detectable hormones suggests that the well recognized hormone dependency of male breast cancer may be due to some endocrine imbalance in the central (diencephalic) regulation of the sex steroids pathway.
…