Hippocampal neuroplasticity induced by early-life stress: Functional and molecular aspects
Frontiers in NeuroendocrinologyPublished 18 April 2006Open access
KA Fenoglio, Kristen L. Brunson, TZ Baram
Citations221
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score2.21
SNIP1.93
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TL;DR
Using a novel immature-rodent model, the deleterious consequences of chronic early-life 'psychological' stress on hippocampus-dependent cognitive tasks are described and the cellular mechanisms involved are reviewed.
Abstract
Whereas genetic factors contribute crucially to brain function, early-life events, including stress, exert long-lasting influence on neuronal function. Here, we focus on the hippocampus as the target of these early-life events because of its crucial role in learning and memory. Using a novel immature-rodent model, we describe the deleterious consequences of chronic early-life 'psychological' stress on hippocampus-dependent cognitive tasks. We review the cellular mechanisms involved and discuss the roles of stress-mediating molecules, including corticotropin releasing hormone, in the process by which stress impacts the structure and function of hippocampal neurons.
Keywords
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The first model of continuous stress in infant rats in which upregulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis is achieved without maternal separation is presented, and may more closely approximate the human situation of chronically stressed, neglected infants.
Developmental NeuroscienceRegulation of Neuronal Birth, Migration and Death in the Rat Dentate Gyrus
197 Citations2007Elizabeth Gould, Heather A. Cameron
The regulation of granule cell proliferation, migration and survival by adrenal steroids and excitatory input is described and evidence that these factors may affect dentate gyrus-mediated behaviors is presented.
Brain ResearchIntracerebroventricular administration of corticotropin-releasing factor inducesc-fos mRNA expression in brain regions related to stress responses: comparison with pattern ofc-fos mRNA induction after stress
196 Citations1993Toshihiro Imaki, Tamotsu Shibasaki +2 more
It is suggested thatCRF produces c-fos mRNA expression in the brain areas related to stress response, and that CRF may induce behavioral and neuroendocrine responses through activating these brain structures, such as the limbic system and the hypothalamic nuclei.
NeuroscienceStress suppresses and learning induces plasticity in CA3 of rat hippocampus: A three-dimensional ultrastructural study of thorny excrescences and their postsynaptic densities
196 Citations2004Michael G. Stewart, Heather A. Davies +9 more
It is demonstrated that circuits involving contacts between mossy fibre terminals and CA3 pyramidal cells at stratum lucidum level are affected conversely by water maze training and chronic stress, confirming the remarkable plasticity of CA3 dendrites.
The Journal of Comparative NeurologyProlonged sojourn of developing pyramidal cells in the intermediate zone of the hippocampus and their settling in the stratum pyramidale
193 Citations1990Joseph Altman, Shirley A. Bayer
In radiograms of rat embryos that received a single dose of [3H] thymidine between days E16 and E20 and were killed 24 hours after the injection, the heavily labeled cells form a horizontal layer in the intermediate zone of the hippocampus, called the inferior band.
Physiology & BehaviorEnvironmental enrichment: Effects on spatial memory and hippocampal CREB immunoreactivity
191 Citations2001Beverly M. Williams, Yuan Luo +5 more
Results indicate that environmental enrichment (particularly during the earlier period) improved performance on the Morris water maze and tended to increase immunoreactivity to CREB in the hippocampus and the importance of the developmental period for enrichment.
NeuroscienceHippocampal corticotropin releasing hormone: pre- and postsynaptic location and release by stress
191 Citations2004Y Chen, Kristen L. Brunson +4 more
The structural elements underlying the actions of CRH were delineated, and whether stress influenced hippocampal principal cells also via actions of this endogenous peptide was determined, to suggest that stress-evoked endogenous CRH release was involved in the activation of hippocampal Principal cells.
Journal of Molecular NeuroscienceDysregulation of Cellular Calcium Homeostasis in Alzheimer's Disease: Bad Genes and Bad Habits
175 Citations2001Mark P. Mattson, Sic L. Chan
It is suggested that calcium also plays a prominent role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and links between aberrant calcium regulation and altered APP processing are emerging.
Brain ResearchEvidence for synaptic potentiation in a cortical network during learning
171 Citations1987Fritz Fidel Váscones-Román, Ursula Stäubli +1 more
Evidence is provided that rapid learning of a specific cue potentiates cortical synapses in a defined terminal field as shown in rats trained on a series of two-odor discriminations.
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesModulation of dendritic differentiation by corticotropin-releasing factor in the developing hippocampus
170 Citations2004Yuncai Chen, Roland A. Bender +5 more
It is suggested that endogenous CRF, if released excessively by previous early postnatal stress, might influence neuronal connectivity and thus function of the immature hippocampus.
Developmental Brain ResearchOntogeny of the Type 2 glucocorticoid receptor in discrete rat brain regions: an immunocytochemical study
168 Citations1988Patricia Rosenfeld, M. Van Eekelen +2 more
The results suggest that during ontogeny the glucocorticoid receptor system displays considerable plasticity, which may provide a basis for understanding the role of glucoc Corticoids during brain development.
Physiology & BehaviorModification of the corticosterone response curve as a function of handling in infancy
159 Citations1969Jonathan Hess, Victor H. Denenberg +2 more
The corticosterone levels of all experimental groups was significantly less than that of the control group and the rate of return to a resting level was significantly more rapid in the handled groups than in the control.
European Journal of NeuroscienceChronic psychosocial stress differentially affects apoptosis in hippocampal subregions and cortex of the adult tree shrew
157 Citations2001Paul J. Lucassen, Gesa K Vollmann-Honsdorf +4 more
It is concluded that (i) low frequent apoptosis occurs throughout the adult tree shrew brain, and (ii) 28 days of chronic stress differentially affects its occurrence in distinct hippocampal subregions and entorhinal cortex.
NeuroscienceCell formation in the human hippocampal formation from mid-gestation to the late postnatal period
153 Citations2001L. Seress, Hajnalka Ábrahám +2 more
It is indicated that most pyramidal neurons of Ammon's horn are generated in the first half of pregnancy and no pyramid neurons are formed after the 24th gestational week, and granule cells of the dentate gyrus proliferate in a decreasing rate during the second half ofregnancy and after birth.
Journal of NeuroscienceEffect of Chronic High-Dose Exogenous Cortisol on Hippocampal Neuronal Number in Aged Nonhuman Primates
153 Citations1999James B. Leverenz, Charles W. Wilkinson +5 more
It is suggested that chronically elevated cortisol concentrations, in the absence of stress, do not produce hippocampal neuronal loss in nonhuman primates.
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