Top Research Papers on Water Pollution

Introduction: Advanced Oxidation Processes. Mechanisms: eaq-, 102, .OH and Peroyxy Radicals. Sensitized Excitation. Semiconductor Promoted Photooxidation. Experimental Techniques. Inorganic Ions and Molecules: Water and Hydrogen Peroxide. Halide Ions. Nitrogen Compounds. Phosphorus Oxyanions. Sulfur Oxyanions and Sulfide. Heavy Metal Ions. Organo-Metallic Compounds. Hydrocarbon Derivatives: Aliphatic Compounds. Aromatic and Other Cyclic Compounds. Long-Chain Compounds. Photo-induced Nitrosation and Nitration. Halocarbons: Aliphatic Halocarbons. Aromatic and Other Cyclic Compounds. Organic Nitr...

Scientists have demonstrated the presence of microplastics (MPs) in tap and bottled water at various locations. On a global scale, there is still very limited information on MP pollution in drinking water. There are huge differences in reported MP concentration, but no clear conclusion can be drawn if MP content is higher in tap or bottled water. Up to date, it is not clear if these discrepancies arise from differences between the examined systems or from differences in quantification limits, the accuracy of the applied analytical techniques, or contamination during sampling, processing, and a...

The agricultural industry uses substantial amounts of water (the highest in the world) mostly for irrigation purposes. Rapid population growth and, consequently, growing demand for food have increased the use of pesticide to have higher yield for crops and other agricultural products. Wastewater generated as a result of excessive use of pesticides/herbicides in agricultural industry is becoming a global issue specifically in developing countries. Over 4,000,000 tons of pesticides are currently used in the world annually and high concentrations above their threshold limits have been detected in...

Microplastic (MP) ( 25 μm) using focal plane array-based micro-Fourier transform infrared microscopy imaging. Two forms (fibers and fragments) and 11 types of MPs (polypropylene, polystyrene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylamide, polyethylene vinyl acetate, and cellulose) with sizes of 0.025–5.000 mm and abundances ranging from 2 particles/bottle to 23 particles/bottle were identified. Based on this investigation, MP contamination may originate from the raw water source and flakes from the packaging. The estimat...

Abstract With the rapid development of industry, the production of dye waste-water has increased year by year. Dye composition complex, high concentration, and high color, difficult to biodegradable substances, difficult to biodegrade. According to the chemical structure, dyes are mainly divided into eight categories, such as azo dyes; according to the application can be divided into 14 categories, such as reactive dyes, acid dyes and so on. Dyes show chroma contamination due to the presence of chromophore and chromophore in the molecular structure. Dye waste-water comes from dyestuff industry...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVViewpointNEXTRole of Electrocatalysis in the Remediation of Water PollutantsNirala Singh*Nirala SinghDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2136, United StatesCatalysis Science and Technology Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2136, United States*N.S.: tel, +1 734 764-1571; email, [email protected]More by Nirala Singhhttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-0389-3927 and Bryan R. Goldsmith*Bryan R. GoldsmithDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2136, Unite...

It was found that the biosorption of complex mixtures of pollutants on fungal pellets is scarcely studied, as well as the interfering effect of anions commonly found in water and wastewater, and there is a lack of research with real wastewater and at pilot and large scale.

Several indices have been developed to define water quality for human consumption, but each one has some drawbacks that limit their wide applicability. So there is a need for a new approach to classify water quality that can be accepted universally. Pollution load or water quality status of Birbhum district of West Bengal, India was presented by applying newly formulated water pollution index (WPI) method in 368 groundwater samples (184 in each pre and post monsoon season). This new technique is flexible and easy to calculate compared to the existing methods. According to this new approach wat...

The occurrence of microplastics derived from degradation of large plastic debris implies that proper plastic waste management measures be implemented in the communities operating on the lake and in its vicinity, in order to safeguard the ecosystem benefits derived from the lake.

The paper reviews the widely used heavy metal pollution indices (HPIs) in water, soil, and sediments and presents their numerical equation and application in various fields. HPIs are an essential and efficient tool to measure metal contamination in the environmental system. The present study includes twenty pollution indices from water, soil, and sediments for their comparative study with their ranges. In addition, the regional distribution of publications has been reviewed, and it observed that 68% were published from Asia, followed by other continents. The merits and demerits of each index h...

The synthesis methods and application in water pollutant removal are explored, which provide ways toward the effective use of water-stable MOFs in materials design and environmental remediation.

Abstract Demand of pure drinking water is increasing day by day in line with both a growing population and global industrialization. Studies in the past few decades on the application of advanced oxidation processes (AOP) for the treatment of wastewater containing perilous organic pollutants, are promising when compared to conventional water treatment methods. In case of AOP, generation of powerful oxidant radicals ( . OH, HOO . ) is crucial for the purpose of degradation. Several processes for the in‐situ generation of such highly reactive oxidants have been discussed. This Review highlights ...

Pollution of environmental waters and ecosystems is increasing. Adsorption is an effective technique for water decontamination, but is limited by the cost of commercial adsorbents such as activated carbon. Research has thus focused on the recycling and transformation of biowaste as low-cost, biodegradable adsorbents. In particular, banana peel is promising for commercial use due to its wide availability and efficiency. Here, we review the use of natural banana peel for the biosorption of pollutants from water. We discuss the factors controlling pollutants removal, and the regeneration and reus...

This review expounds the origin and development of photocatalysis and the obstacles encountered and overcome, and describes the development of mechanisms and methods to solve these problems in each time period.

Correlation analysis revealed that the nitrate concentrations of surface water has a positive relationship with GDP, nitrogen fertilizer application usage, wastewater discharge, and population in China.

This updated review on the use of different aerogels—for instance, graphene oxide-, cellulose-, chitosan-, and silica-based aerogel—provides information on their various applications in removing pollutants, the results obtained, and potential future developments.

Water pollution is a major environmental problem worldwide, especially in developing countries. China's environmental protection strategies have been pushed to the highest priority in history, driving remarkable achievements in water pollution control, but were also coupled with new challenges. In this study, we analyzed diverse long-term data (i.e. water quality, WWTPs, pollutant discharge etc.) to systematically understand the process of water pollution control in China in the last twenty years. The results highlighted that the collection and treatment capacity of wastewater in China approac...

The most common disease caused by water pollution is diarrhea, which is mainly transmitted by enteroviruses in the aquatic environment, and governments should strengthen water intervention management and carry out intervention measures to improve water quality and reduce water pollution’s impact on human health.

This review synthesizes data from various studies published in national and international journals, as well as reports from governmental and non-governmental organizations to establish links between multiple sources of pollution, their toxicity to human health, and approaches to health risk assessment.

A comprehensive nationwide water scarcity assessment in China is reported, which explicitly includes quality requirements for human water uses and shows that inadequate water quality exacerbates China’s water scarcity, which is unevenly distributed across the country.