Top Research Papers on Water Pollution

Introduction: Advanced Oxidation Processes. Mechanisms: eaq-, 102, .OH and Peroyxy Radicals. Sensitized Excitation. Semiconductor Promoted Photooxidation. Experimental Techniques. Inorganic Ions and Molecules: Water and Hydrogen Peroxide. Halide Ions. Nitrogen Compounds. Phosphorus Oxyanions. Sulfur Oxyanions and Sulfide. Heavy Metal Ions. Organo-Metallic Compounds. Hydrocarbon Derivatives: Aliphatic Compounds. Aromatic and Other Cyclic Compounds. Long-Chain Compounds. Photo-induced Nitrosation and Nitration. Halocarbons: Aliphatic Halocarbons. Aromatic and Other Cyclic Compounds. Organic Nitr...

Scientists have demonstrated the presence of microplastics (MPs) in tap and bottled water at various locations. On a global scale, there is still very limited information on MP pollution in drinking water. There are huge differences in reported MP concentration, but no clear conclusion can be drawn if MP content is higher in tap or bottled water. Up to date, it is not clear if these discrepancies arise from differences between the examined systems or from differences in quantification limits, the accuracy of the applied analytical techniques, or contamination during sampling, processing, and a...

The agricultural industry uses substantial amounts of water (the highest in the world) mostly for irrigation purposes. Rapid population growth and, consequently, growing demand for food have increased the use of pesticide to have higher yield for crops and other agricultural products. Wastewater generated as a result of excessive use of pesticides/herbicides in agricultural industry is becoming a global issue specifically in developing countries. Over 4,000,000 tons of pesticides are currently used in the world annually and high concentrations above their threshold limits have been detected in...

Microplastic (MP) ( 25 μm) using focal plane array-based micro-Fourier transform infrared microscopy imaging. Two forms (fibers and fragments) and 11 types of MPs (polypropylene, polystyrene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylamide, polyethylene vinyl acetate, and cellulose) with sizes of 0.025–5.000 mm and abundances ranging from 2 particles/bottle to 23 particles/bottle were identified. Based on this investigation, MP contamination may originate from the raw water source and flakes from the packaging. The estimat...

Abstract With the rapid development of industry, the production of dye waste-water has increased year by year. Dye composition complex, high concentration, and high color, difficult to biodegradable substances, difficult to biodegrade. According to the chemical structure, dyes are mainly divided into eight categories, such as azo dyes; according to the application can be divided into 14 categories, such as reactive dyes, acid dyes and so on. Dyes show chroma contamination due to the presence of chromophore and chromophore in the molecular structure. Dye waste-water comes from dyestuff industry...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVViewpointNEXTRole of Electrocatalysis in the Remediation of Water PollutantsNirala Singh*Nirala SinghDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2136, United StatesCatalysis Science and Technology Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2136, United States*N.S.: tel, +1 734 764-1571; email, [email protected]More by Nirala Singhhttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-0389-3927 and Bryan R. Goldsmith*Bryan R. GoldsmithDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2136, Unite...

It was found that the biosorption of complex mixtures of pollutants on fungal pellets is scarcely studied, as well as the interfering effect of anions commonly found in water and wastewater, and there is a lack of research with real wastewater and at pilot and large scale.

Several indices have been developed to define water quality for human consumption, but each one has some drawbacks that limit their wide applicability. So there is a need for a new approach to classify water quality that can be accepted universally. Pollution load or water quality status of Birbhum district of West Bengal, India was presented by applying newly formulated water pollution index (WPI) method in 368 groundwater samples (184 in each pre and post monsoon season). This new technique is flexible and easy to calculate compared to the existing methods. According to this new approach wat...

The occurrence of microplastics derived from degradation of large plastic debris implies that proper plastic waste management measures be implemented in the communities operating on the lake and in its vicinity, in order to safeguard the ecosystem benefits derived from the lake.

The paper reviews the widely used heavy metal pollution indices (HPIs) in water, soil, and sediments and presents their numerical equation and application in various fields. HPIs are an essential and efficient tool to measure metal contamination in the environmental system. The present study includes twenty pollution indices from water, soil, and sediments for their comparative study with their ranges. In addition, the regional distribution of publications has been reviewed, and it observed that 68% were published from Asia, followed by other continents. The merits and demerits of each index h...

The synthesis methods and application in water pollutant removal are explored, which provide ways toward the effective use of water-stable MOFs in materials design and environmental remediation.

Abstract Demand of pure drinking water is increasing day by day in line with both a growing population and global industrialization. Studies in the past few decades on the application of advanced oxidation processes (AOP) for the treatment of wastewater containing perilous organic pollutants, are promising when compared to conventional water treatment methods. In case of AOP, generation of powerful oxidant radicals ( . OH, HOO . ) is crucial for the purpose of degradation. Several processes for the in‐situ generation of such highly reactive oxidants have been discussed. This Review highlights ...

Pollution of environmental waters and ecosystems is increasing. Adsorption is an effective technique for water decontamination, but is limited by the cost of commercial adsorbents such as activated carbon. Research has thus focused on the recycling and transformation of biowaste as low-cost, biodegradable adsorbents. In particular, banana peel is promising for commercial use due to its wide availability and efficiency. Here, we review the use of natural banana peel for the biosorption of pollutants from water. We discuss the factors controlling pollutants removal, and the regeneration and reus...

This review expounds the origin and development of photocatalysis and the obstacles encountered and overcome, and describes the development of mechanisms and methods to solve these problems in each time period.

Correlation analysis revealed that the nitrate concentrations of surface water has a positive relationship with GDP, nitrogen fertilizer application usage, wastewater discharge, and population in China.

This updated review on the use of different aerogels—for instance, graphene oxide-, cellulose-, chitosan-, and silica-based aerogel—provides information on their various applications in removing pollutants, the results obtained, and potential future developments.

Water pollution is a major environmental problem worldwide, especially in developing countries. China's environmental protection strategies have been pushed to the highest priority in history, driving remarkable achievements in water pollution control, but were also coupled with new challenges. In this study, we analyzed diverse long-term data (i.e. water quality, WWTPs, pollutant discharge etc.) to systematically understand the process of water pollution control in China in the last twenty years. The results highlighted that the collection and treatment capacity of wastewater in China approac...

Biochar, a carbon-rich material made from the partial combustion of biomass wastes, is an emerging material of interest as it can remediate pollutants and serve as a negative carbon emission technology. In this Review, we discuss the application of biochar in municipal wastewater treatment, industrial wastewater decontamination and stormwater management in the context of sustainable development. By customizing the biomass feedstock type and pyrolysis conditions, biochar can be engineered to have distinct surface physicochemical properties to make it more efficient at targeting priority contami...

Surface water is extremely susceptible to pollution stemming from human activities, such as the expansion of urban and suburban areas, industries, cities, and agriculture. In fact, sources of surface water have become the most common discharge sites for wastewater, which may contain microorganisms, pharmaceutical waste, heavy metals, and harmful pollutants. As a reference standard for clean water, the water quality standards and index of Malaysia were used. In comparison with conventional wastewater treatment methods, new nanomaterial-based methods for water filtration and purification are dra...

The most common disease caused by water pollution is diarrhea, which is mainly transmitted by enteroviruses in the aquatic environment, and governments should strengthen water intervention management and carry out intervention measures to improve water quality and reduce water pollution’s impact on human health.

This review synthesizes data from various studies published in national and international journals, as well as reports from governmental and non-governmental organizations to establish links between multiple sources of pollution, their toxicity to human health, and approaches to health risk assessment.

A comprehensive nationwide water scarcity assessment in China is reported, which explicitly includes quality requirements for human water uses and shows that inadequate water quality exacerbates China’s water scarcity, which is unevenly distributed across the country.

Electrochemistry can provide an efficient and sustainable way to treat environmental waters polluted by chlorinated organic compounds. However, the electrochemical valorization of 1,2-dichloroethane (DCA) is currently challenged by the lack of a catalyst that can selectively convert DCA in aqueous solutions into ethylene. Here we report a catalyst comprising cobalt phthalocyanine molecules assembled on multiwalled carbon nanotubes that can electrochemically decompose aqueous DCA with high current and energy efficiencies. Ethylene is produced at high rates with unprecedented ~100% Faradaic effi...

The results demonstrated that microplastic concentration was significantly related to rainfall, and high frequency sampling and rainfall data are needed to accurately evaluate microplastics pollution as well as its consequences.

With the industrial development, population increasing and climate change, water pollution becomes a critical issue around the world. As a result, the remediation of water pollution urgently calls for new advanced technologies. This review specifically deals with nanocatalysts and other nanomaterials for water remediation of organic pollutants. It systematically summarizes the types and structures of organic pollutants, and the classes of nanomaterials and their application for the remediation of organic pollutants in water. Unlike inorganic heavy metals that are of limited types of pollutants...

Water pollution poses significant threats to both ecosystems and human health. Mitigating this issue requires effective treatment of domestic wastewater to convert waste into bio-fertilizers and gas. Neglecting liquid waste treatment carries severe consequences for health and the environment. This review focuses on intelligent technologies for water and wastewater treatment, targeting waterborne diseases. It covers pollution prevention and purification methods, including hydrotherapy, membrane filtration, mechanical filters, reverse osmosis, ion exchange, and copper-zinc cleaning. The article ...

Water resources have long been of interest to humans and have become a serious issue in all aspects of human life. The disposal of hazardous pollutants in water resources is one of the biggest global concerns and poses many risks to human health and aquatic life. Therefore, the control of hazardous pollutants in water resources plays an important role, when it comes to evaluating water quality. Due to low toxicity, good electrical conductivity, facile functionalization, and easy preparation, magnetic materials have become a good alternative in recent years to control hazardous pollutants in wa...

Although there is still a blank of the practical utility of Zr-based MOFs on a commercial scale, the research reported to date clearly shows that they are very promising materials for the water treatment.

Identifying and understanding the potential sources delivering microplastics into the urban water environment is imperative for microplastic pollution control. However, how atmospheric deposition contributes to microplastic pollution in the urban water environment is unclear. Therefore, this study investigated the contribution of atmospheric deposition to microplastic pollution in urban waters based on the analysis of the atmospheric deposition characteristics in the urban area. The results showed that microplastic deposition fluxes during wet weather and dry weather varied from 1.1 × 10 3 ±0....

Emerging pollutants (EPs) are chemicals known to cause major impacts on the terrestrial, aquatic life and human health as a result of their chronic and acute toxicity. Although lots of studies on EPs behavior in the aquatic environment are currently available in literature, an urgent requirement exists to complete toxicological studies and develop and implement efficient and ecological methods for their removal. This paper raises some relevant problems related to water environment pollution with EPs, the risks they can generate for aquatic life and humans and opportunities to reduce the effect...

Abstract This research aims at using a combined water quality index (WQI) and pollution index (PI) to assess and characterize river water quality of Cau River which is one of the longest rivers in the north of Vietnam. Five different water quality and water pollution indices were used including the Water Quality Index (WQI), Comprehensive Pollution Index (CPI), Organic Pollution Index (OPI), Eutrophication Index (EI), and Trace Metal Pollution Index (TPI). The combined water pollution indices show more serious pollution towards the river downstream. In particular, CPI and OPI reveal a high ris...

Mining activities, as essential components of industrial development, play a crucial role in the economy. However, they often entail significant environmental consequences, notably soil contamination by heavy metals. This article aims to comprehensively review the issue of soil pollution with heavy metals resulting from mining operations, focusing specifically on the ions of arsenic, cadmium, lead, mercury, and zinc. It begins by examining the sources and impacts of this pollution on soil, water, vegetation, wildlife, and human health. Various methods for monitoring and assessing soil contamin...

The water quality of Çorlu Stream, located in the Thrace region of Türkiye, and exposed to intense industrial pressure, was evaluated by monitoring 10 toxic metals and 13 other water quality variables in the dry and wet seasons of 2021. Seven different water quality indices were applied to determine the pollution level at the sampling stations in the stream. In addition, human health risks from exposure to toxic metals in stream water via ingestion and dermal contact were evaluated. The results showed that the water quality at stations S2 and S3 of Çorlu Stream receiving domestic and industria...

Abstract Heavy metal pollution in groundwater is a substantial environmental risk for Bangladesh. The Meghna Ghat industrial area in Bangladesh becomes a promising site for installing various industries for few decades. It was necessary to assess the heavy metal level in the groundwater of this area, and current study took the initiative. We collected 20 groundwater samples and tested pH, DO, TDS, EC, turbidity, COD, and DOC as well as four heavy metals (Cr, Cd, Pb, and Ni) to calculate four water quality indices, i.e., water quality index (WQI), degree of contamination (DC), heavy metal evalu...

Different electrochemical and photo-electrochemical detection methods are summarized, including the principles, classification, common catalysts, and applications, to provide a guide for other researchers to detect pollutants in water bodies by using electrochemicaland photo-Electrochemical analysis.

Water is the source of life on the planet's surface. Water safety has become a crucial requirement for safe drinking water as a result of the increase in activities that can pollute water supplies. Every year, thousands of tons of dyes used in industry are discharged into water. The health and environmental issues brought on by dye pollution make surface water contamination a global issue of the utmost concern. Removal of dyes by adsorption technology is a particularly important technique, because of its usability, simplicity, high efficiency, and scale-up over a wide range of concentrations. ...

The expansion of the ambit of ‘One Health Approach to AMR crises proposed by the World Bank, 2021 to include the ‘reduction of antimicrobial contamination of the environment’ as the ’seventh domain’ of activity to effectively achieve its objective is suggested.

The occurrence and impacts of emerging organic contaminants (EOCs) in the aquatic environment have gained widespread attention over the past two decades. Due to large number of potential contaminants, monitoring campaigns, treatment plants, and proposed regulations should preferentially focus on specific pollutants with the highest potential for ecological and human health effects. In the present study, a multi-criteria screening approach based on hazard and exposure potentials was developed for prioritization of 405 unregulated EOCs already present in Chinese surface water. Hazard potential, ...

Previous researchers have broadly studied plastic pollution in the water ecosystem worldwide, but the research topics development and performance trends in this study area are still insufficient and unclear. A bibliometric analysis was conducted to explore research trends regarding plastic pollution in the water ecosystem. Data of publications output was identified based on the Web of Science (WoS) database's research articles from 2000 to 2020. This study used VOSviewer to analyse collaboration networks among authors, countries, institutions, and co-occurrence analysis of keywords in three de...

It is demonstrated that the current approach of chemical impact assessment, consisting of comparing measured concentrations to protective environmental quality standards for individual chemicals, is not optimal and that chemical pollution currently imposes limitations to the ecological status of European surface waters.