The Role of Leptin in the Control of Body Weight
Nutrition ReviewsPublished 1 October 2002Open access
Rudolph L. Leibel
Citations203
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score1.86
SNIP2.02
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
TL;DR
Physiologic responses to high and low leptin concentrations are strikingly asymmetrical, where high concentrations often produce minimal effects, whereas low concentrations provoke strong counterregulatory responses.
Abstract
Physiologic responses to high and low leptin concentrations are strikingly asymmetrical. High concentrations often produce minimal effects, whereas low concentrations provoke strong counterregulatory responses. A model and rationale for the physiology is presented.
Keywords
MedicineNeuroscience
Medical Entomology and ZoologyThe Metabolic and Molecular Bases of Inherited Disease
12,176 Citations1995R Charles Scriver
The author revealed that within the next decade, the number of children born with autism in the United States will more than double from the current number of births, and the average age will increase from 7 to 11 years old.
NatureCentral nervous system control of food intake
6,409 Citations2000Michael W. Schwartz, Stephen C. Woods +3 more
A model is described that delineates the roles of individual hormonal and neuropeptide signalling pathways in the control of food intake and the means by which obesity can arise from inherited or acquired defects in their function.
New England Journal of MedicineChanges in Energy Expenditure Resulting from Altered Body Weight
1,999 Citations1995Rudolph L. Leibel, Michael Rosenbaum +1 more
Maintenance of a reduced or elevated body weight is associated with compensatory changes in energy expenditure, which oppose the maintenance of a body weight that is different from the usual weight, which may account for the poor long-term efficacy of treatments for obesity.
JAMARecombinant Leptin for Weight Loss in Obese and Lean Adults
1,422 Citations1999Steven B. Heymsfield, Andrew S. Greenberg +9 more
Administration of exogenous leptin appears to induce weight loss in some obese subjects with elevated endogenous serum leptin concentrations and a dose-response relationship with weight and fat loss was observed with subcutaneous recombinant leptin injections in both lean and obese subjects.
Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciencesThe role of depot fat in the hypothalamic control of food intake in the rat
1,416 Citations1953Kennedy Gc
New England Journal of MedicineReduced Rate of Energy Expenditure as a Risk Factor for Body-Weight Gain
1,222 Citations1988Éric Ravussin, Stephen Lillioja +7 more
It is concluded that a low rate of energy expenditure may contribute to the aggregation of obesity in families.
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesPhysiological response to long-term peripheral and central leptin infusion in lean and obese mice
1,046 Citations1997Jeffrey L. Halaas, Carol N. Boozer +4 more
The decreased response to leptin in diet-induced obese, NZO, and Ay mice suggests that obesity in these strains is the result of leptin resistance, which probably results from defects downstream of the leptin receptor in the hypothalamus.
Molecular CellIdentification of SOCS-3 as a Potential Mediator of Central Leptin Resistance
1,012 Citations1998Christian Bjørbæk, Joel K. Elmquist +3 more
SOCS-3 is a leptin-inducible inhibitor of leptin signaling, and a potential mediator of leptin resistance in Obesity, a model of leptin-resistant murine obesity.
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & MetabolismEffects of gender, body composition, and menopause on plasma concentrations of leptin.
786 Citations1996Michael Rosenbaum, Margery Nicolson +5 more
While plasma [leptin], corrected for FM, declines significantly in women post-menopause, this decline is not sufficient to account for the striking sexual dimorphism in the relationship of leptin to fat mass.
DiabetologiaEffects of parabiosis of obese with diabetes and normal mice
720 Citations1973David Coleman
It is postulated that the obese mouse is unable to produce sufficient satiety factor to regulate its food consumption, whereas the diabetes mouse produces satietyFactor, but cannot respond to it because of a defective satiety center.
DiabetesLeptin secretion from subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue in women.
613 Citations1998V van Harmelen, Signy Reynisdottir +5 more
The subcutaneousFat depot is the major source of leptin in women owing to the combination of a mass effect (subcutaneous fat being the major depot) and a higher secretion rate in the sub cutaneous than in the visceral region, which in turn could be due to increased cell size and leptin gene expression.
NaturePartial leptin deficiency and human adiposity
407 Citations2001I. Sadaf Farooqi, Julia M. Keogh +7 more
It is shown that differences in circulating leptin levels within the range found in normal human populations can directly influence the laying down of fat tissue (adiposity).
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & MetabolismLow Dose Leptin Administration Reverses Effects of Sustained Weight-Reduction on Energy Expenditure and Circulating Concentrations of Thyroid Hormones
386 Citations2002Michael Rosenbaum, Ellen M. Murphy +3 more
Data indicate that decrease leptin concentrations resulting from loss of fat mass account for some aspects of the endocrine/metabolic phenotype associated with the weight-reduced state.
DiabetesDiabetes-Obesity Syndromes in Mice
353 Citations1982Douglas L. Coleman
Establishing increased metabolic efficiency in heterozygotes lends credence to the thrifty gene hypothesis of diabetes and suggests a mechanism whereby some deleterious diabetes genes may be favored in the human population.
NatureRegulation of Energy Balance
219 Citations1969G. R. Hervey
This article contains a brief review of the problem posed by a fundamental physiological regulatory mechanism, and a new hypothesis about this mechanism that has not yet been proposed.
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & MetabolismEffect of Puberty on the Relationship between Circulating Leptin and Body Composition1
178 Citations2000Mary B. HorlickK, Michael Rosenbaum +6 more
A potent role for gonadal steroids as mediators of this sexual dimorphism in circulating concentrations of leptin is confirmed, as the circulating concentration of leptin, normalized to FM, declines significantly in males and rises significantly in females late in puberty to produce a late-pubertal/adult sexualDimorphism.
NutritionThe controls of eating: a shift from nutritional homeostasis to behavioral neuroscience
171 Citations2000Gerard P. Smith
The new theory is based on the fact that the feedback controls are stimulated by food acting directly on mucosal receptors along the gastrointestinal tract, from the mouth to the end of the small intestine.
Obesity ResearchThe Human Obesity Gene Map: The 2000 Update
133 Citations2001Louis Përusse, Yvon C. Chagnon +5 more
The obesity gene map reveals that putative loci affecting obesity-related phenotypes can be found on all chromosomes except chromosome Y, and the number of genes, markers, and chromosomal regions associated or linked with human obesity phenotypes is now above 250.
American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative PhysiologyHeterozygosity for<i>Lep<sup>ob</sup></i>or<i>Lepr<sup>db</sup></i>affects body composition and leptin homeostasis in adult mice
105 Citations1998Wendy K. Chung, Kristen Belfi +6 more
The data, and data from a small number of mice heterozygous at both Lepob and Leprdb (compound heterozygotes), suggest that leptin protein produced per mass of body fat is reduced in Lepob /+ mice and that bodyfat is increased in LepOB /- mice until plasma leptin concentrations reach that of a normal +/+ mouse.
International Journal of ObesitySexual dimorphism in circulating leptin concentrations is not accounted for by differences in adipose tissue distribution
94 Citations2001Michael Rosenbaum, Angelo Pietrobelli +3 more
The sexual dimorphism in plasma leptin concentration appears to reflect, at least in part, effects of circulating concentrations of gonadal steroids (especially androgens) and/or primary genetic differences that are independent of amounts of VAT or SAT.
EndocrinologyLeptin-Deficient Mice Backcrossed to the BALB/cJ Genetic Background Have Reduced Adiposity, Enhanced Fertility, Normal Body Temperature, and Severe Diabetes
81 Citations2001Jun Qiu, Scott Ogus +3 more
These studies show that the abnormalities caused by leptin deficiency can be genetically dissected and separated from each other, suggesting discrete pathways controlled by leptin modifier genes.
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & MetabolismHexosamines Regulate Leptin Production in Human Subcutaneous Adipocytes<sup>1</sup>
62 Citations2000Robert V. Considine, Robert C. Cooksey +9 more
It is suggested that hexosamine biosynthesis regulates leptin production in human adipose tissue through its role in regulating nutrient flux to regulate leptin release.
MetabolismSynergy of sibutramine and low-dose leptin in treatment of diet-induced obesity in rats
56 Citations2001Carol N. Boozer, Rudolph L. Leibel +3 more
Replacement doses of L during S administration increased weight loss and fractional fat loss by decreasing food intake and by increasing fat oxidation, which may contribute to the "plateau phenomenon" observed in studies of weight loss therapies.
Physiological GenomicsMechanisms for LEPR-mediated regulation of leptin expression in brown and white adipocytes in rat pups
32 Citations2001Yiying Zhang, CARMEN HUFNAGEL +5 more
Feedback regulation of Lep expression in BAT is primarily via central nervous system-mediated effects of leptin on SNS activity, whereas the control of leptin expression in WAT is more likely via mechanisms not directly dependent on S NS activity.
American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative PhysiologyLeptin does not fully account for the satiety activity of adipose tissue-conditioned medium
13 Citations1998David S. Weigle, Amy Hutson +5 more
It is concluded that leptin is necessary but not sufficient to account for the satiety activity of native adipose tissue, perhaps due to the production by adipocytes of a cofactor that augments the ability of leptin to suppress feeding.
