Managerial Identification of Competitors
Journal of MarketingPublished 1 July 1999Open access
Bruce H. Clark, David B. Montgomery
Citations204
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
Abstract
Despite extensive academic research on how to identify competitors objectively, marketers know relatively little about how managers identify competitors in practice. The authors bring together diffuse literature in this area and propose a cognitive framework for managerial identification of competitors. They report the results of two studies that examine the attributes managers use in deciding who their competitors are.
Keywords
Business, Management and Accounting
International Journal of ForecastingHarvard Business Review
18,229 Citations1988J. Scott Armstrong, David M. Georgoff
Psychological ReviewThe magical number seven, plus or minus two: Some limits on our capacity for processing information.
17,493 Citations1956George Miller
The theory provides us with a yardstick for calibrating the authors' stimulus materials and for measuring the performance of their subjects, and the concepts and measures provided by the theory provide a quantitative way of getting at some of these questions.
Psychological ReviewThe magical number seven, plus or minus two: Some limits on our capacity for processing information.
17,276 Citations1994George Miller
About some experiments that tested how accurately people can assign numbers to the magnitudes of various aspects of a stimulus, and since the results are analyzed in terms of the concepts of information theory, I shall have to preface my discussion with a few remarks about this theory.
The Journal of FinanceIndustrial Market Structure and Economic Performance.
6,393 Citations1971H. Michael Mann, F. M. Scherer
Journal of Consumer ResearchDimensions of Consumer Expertise
4,310 Citations1987Joseph W. Alba, J. Wesley Hutchinson
Advances in experimental social psychologyThe Intuitive Psychologist And His Shortcomings: Distortions in the Attribution Process
4,077 Citations1977Lee Ross
Journal of MarketingCorporate Culture, Customer Orientation, and Innovativeness in Japanese Firms: A Quadrad Analysis
3,869 Citations1993Rohit Deshpandé, John U. Farley +1 more
Journal of Management StudiesCOMPETITIVE GROUPS AS COGNITIVE COMMUNITIES: THE CASE OF SCOTTISH KNITWEAR MANUFACTURERS*
1,361 Citations1989Joseph F. Porac, Howard Thomas +1 more
Journal of Marketing ResearchReliability of Nominal Data Based on Qualitative Judgments
1,326 Citations1989William D. Perreault, Laurence E. Leigh
Administrative Science QuarterlyPerformance, Aspirations, and Risky Organizational Change
1,274 Citations1998Henrich R. Greve
University of Maribor digital library (University of Maribor)Strategic Market Management
1,249 Citations1984David A. Aaker
This report presents a meta-analysis of the business strategies used in the strategic management of the energy bar industry over the past 25 years, which revealed a clear pattern of decline in the number of wins and the strategies used to achieve these victories.
Academy of Management JournalA Causal Model of Linkages Among Environmental Dimensions, Macro Organizational Characteristics, and Performance
1,040 Citations1988Barbara W. Keats, Michael A. Hitt
Journal of Consumer ResearchAn Evaluation Cost Model of Consideration Sets
1,038 Citations1990John R. Hauser, Birger Wernerfelt
Academy of Management JournalSPEED, STEALTH, AND SELECTIVE ATTACK: HOW SMALL FIRMS DIFFER FROM LARGE FIRMS IN COMPETITIVE BEHAVIOR.
977 Citations1995Donald C. Hambrick
Administrative Science QuarterlyRivalry and the Industry Model of Scottish Knitwear Producers
920 Citations1995Joseph F. Porac, Howard Thomas +3 more
The Review of Economics and StatisticsThe Structure within Industries and Companies' Performance
886 Citations1979Michael E. Porter
Psychology Press eBooksMemory and Cognition in Its Social Context
665 Citations2014Jr. Robert S. Wyer, Thomas K. Srull
This work proposes a general model of social information processing based on the role of Affect and Emotion in Information Processing and its role in the formation of Judgments of Persons.
Journal of Consumer ResearchMemory and Attentional Factors in Consumer Choice: Concepts and Research Methods
607 Citations1982John Lynch, Thomas K. Srull
Journal of Consumer ResearchCaution in the Use of Difference Scores in Consumer Research
570 Citations1993J. Paul Peter, Gilbert A. Churchill +1 more
Strategic Management JournalCompetitive attack, retaliation and performance: An expectancy‐valence framework
524 Citations1994Ming‐Jer Chen, Danny Miller
There appears to be a real incentive to avoid retaliation given its negative associations with performance, and as predicted by expectancy theory, these variables selectively demonstrated some interactions that compound the threat of retaliation.
Market Driven Strategy: Processes for Creating Value
509 Citations1990George S. Day
Journal of Consumer ResearchAlternative Models of Categorization: Toward a Contingent Processing Framework
470 Citations1987Joel B. Cohen, Kunal Basu
Strategic Management JournalToward a theory of competitive market signaling: A research agenda
405 Citations1991Oliver P. Heil, Thomas S. Robertson
Journal of Management StudiesRESEARCH ON STRATEGIC GROUPS: PROGRESS AND PROGNOSIS<sup>[1]</sup>
330 Citations1988Howard Thomas, N. Venkatraman
Academy of Management ReviewThe College Sophomore as Guinea Pig: Setting the Record Straight
325 Citations1987Jerald Greenberg
Organization ScienceManagerial Categorization of Competitors: Using Old Maps to Navigate New Environments
307 Citations1996Rhonda K. Reger, Timothy B. Palmer
Journal of Management StudiesEXPLORING THE MENTAL MODELS OF COMPETITIVE STRATEGISTS: THE CASE FOR A PROCESSUAL APPROACH
305 Citations1994Gerard P. Hodgkinson, Gerry Johnson
Administrative Science QuarterlyA Meta-Analytic Review of the Relationship between Size and Performance: The Productivity and Efficiency of Organizations and Their Subunits
280 Citations1985Richard Z. Gooding, John A. Wagner
Journal of Management StudiesWHAT HAPPENS AFTER SUCCESS: THE PERILS OF EXCELLENCE*
272 Citations1994Danny Miller
Journal of MarketingNew Product Announcement Signals and Incumbent Reactions
270 Citations1995Thomas S. Robertson, Jehoshua Eliashberg +1 more
Journal of Management StudiesCognitive Inertia in a Turbulent Market: the Case of UK Residential Estate Agents
257 Citations1997Gerard P. Hodgkinson
Academy of Management JournalCorporate-Level Strategy, Business-Level Strategy, and Firm Performance.
255 Citations1981Donald W. Beard, Gregory G. Dess
Journal of Marketing ResearchKnowledge Structure Differences between More Effective and Less Effective Salespeople
227 Citations1988Harish Sujan, Mita Sujan +1 more
Journal of MarketingConsumer Behavior and Product Performance: An Alternative Conceptualization
221 Citations1975Chem L. Narayana, Rom J. Markin
Journal of Business ResearchLearning from strategic success and failure
215 Citations1987Theresa K. Lant, David B. Montgomery
This study proposes three models of organization response in complex, ambiguous, and dynamic environments: A model of how aspiration levels or goals adapt over time, a model of the riskiness of strategic choices made, and a models of the innovativeness of search activities (R & D).
Strategic Management JournalThe linkage between strategy, strategic groups, and performance in the U.K. retail grocery industry
203 Citations1990Pam Lewis, Howard Thomas
The results generally indicate that strategic groups are useful constructs for studying industry structure and competitive strategy, but that they generally do not explain performance differences.
Journal of Consumer ResearchIgnoring Irrelevant Information: Situational Determinants of Consumer Learning
198 Citations1991J. Wesley Hutchinson, Joseph W. Alba
Management ScienceDeterrence, Reputations, and Competitive Cognition
178 Citations1998Bruce H. Clark, David B. Montgomery
Journal of Applied PsychologyCognitive categorization and subjective rivalry among retailers in a small city.
173 Citations1994Joseph F. Porac, Howard Thomas
Management ScienceThe Value of Decision Making in a Complex Environment: An Experimental Approach
136 Citations1981Robin M. Hogarth, Spyros Makridakis
Issues raised by the study include the use of automated and controlled baseline strategies to study decision making in complex situations, the need to develop normative guidelines for use in turbulent, competitive environments, and the multidimensional nature of the functions of decisionMaking in organizations.
Management ScienceLocally Rational Decision Making: The Distracting Effect of Information on Managerial Performance
128 Citations1992Rashi Glazer, Joel H. Steckel +1 more
Using the results from an experiment conducted with a strategic market simulation game, it is found that the accessibility of information results in a disposition to focus on those components of decision-making most clearly addressed by the information.
Journal of MarketingExplanations for Successful and Unsuccessful Marketing Decisions: The Decision Maker's Perspective
105 Citations1992Mary T. Curren, Valerie S. Folkes +1 more
International Journal of Research in MarketingIndustrial innovation and firm performance: A re-conceptualization and exploratory structural equation analysis
74 Citations1993Praveen K. Soni, Gary L. Lilien +1 more
Journal of Product Innovation ManagementExplaining competitive reactions to new products: An empirical signaling study
71 Citations1993Oliver P. Heil
Journal of Marketing ResearchBuilding Market Structures from Consumer Preferences
71 Citations1996Lee G. Cooper, Akihiro Inoue
Marketing LettersPerceiving competitive reactions: The value of accuracy (and paranoia)
59 Citations1996Bruce H. Clark, David B. Montgomery
Management ScienceSignals and Choices in a Competitive Interaction: The Role of Moves and Messages
57 Citations1992Marian Chapman Moore
Journal of Marketing ManagementA cognitive perspective on managers' perceptions of competition
49 Citations1993Leslie de Chernatony, Kevin Daniels +1 more
Medical Entomology and ZoologyMarketing Strategy: Relationships, Offerings, Timing &Resource Allocation
48 Citations1995Devanathan Sudharshan
Journal of the Academy of Marketing ScienceA taxonomy of marketing planning styles
34 Citations1990Daryl McKee, P. Rajan Varadarajan +1 more
Results suggest that marketing planning styles differ fairly distinctly in their attention to selected elements of the environment; and the marketing planning style employed is related to the level of competition and to organization size and complexity.
Journal of Product Innovation ManagementExplaining Competitive Reactions to New Products: An Empirical Signaling Study
33 Citations1993Oliver P. Heil, Rockney G. Walters
Marketing ScienceThe Formation of Key Marketing Variable Expectations and Their Impact on Firm Performance: Some Experimental Evidence
33 Citations1989Rashi Glazer, Joel H. Steckel +1 more
Journal of Strategic MarketingCompetitive positioning strategies mirroring sellers’ and buyers’ perceptions?
31 Citations1994Leslie de Chernatony, Kevin Daniels +1 more
Journal of Business ResearchStrategic studies in Markstrat
30 Citations1987Hubert Gatignon
The characteristics of the simulation that are essential for assessing its appropriateness as a research environment are described first and the key elements of the models underlying the structure of the Simulation are described, as they provide the information necessary to understand the marketing dynamics of the simulated environment.
Journal of the Academy of Marketing ScienceA Taxonomy of Marketing Planning Styles
6 Citations1990Daryl McKee, P. Rajan Varadarajan +1 more
