Top Research Papers on Molecular Biology

The book is intended for students studying medical and biological specialties. CHAPTER I. EPIGENETICS INTRODUCTION The science of epigenetics looks at the mechanisms of molecular modifications of histones and DNA that can regulate gene activity without affecting the nucleotide sequences in the DNA molecule. Recognized epigenetic regulators are DNA methylation, post-translational modifications of histones, and non-coding RNAs (nkRNAs). One of the most important differences between eukaryotic cells and prokaryotes is the presence of a complex nucleo-protein chromatin complex in eukaryotes. It is...

Activity and safety of cabozantinib in osteosarcoma were studied, as well as sorafenib and pazopanib, and novel bifunctional molecules, of potential imaging and osteosARcoma targeting applications may be used in the future.

This article has focused on molecules that are produced by osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts and their mechanism of action on these cells and their mechanisms of action target different molecular aspects of these bone cells to minimize osteoporosis.

The analysis of the landscape of genetic lesions in HRS cells so far did not reveal any highly recurrent HRS cell-specific lesions, but major roles of Genetic lesions in members of the NF-κB and JAK/STAT pathways and of factors of immune evasion are revealed.

This review connects insights from both clinical and molecular studies to create a comprehensive view of the underlying mechanisms that drive telomere shortening and dysfunction in patients with telomeropathies.

Grouping these biological problems and related computational algorithms into classes across length scales, thus characterizing common issues that need to be addressed, will facilitate further progress in spatial transcriptomics and proteomics.

This review is intended to provide an overview of the current basic knowledge of the molecular biology of coronaviruses, which is important as basic knowledge for the development of coronvirus countermeasures.

This review summarizes the current state of methods and results achievable by cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) imaging for molecular, cell, and structural biologists who wish to understand what is required and how it might help to address their research questions. It covers some of the main issues in sample preparation, microscopes and data collection, image processing, three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction, and validation and interpretation of the resulting EM density maps and atomic models.

Clinical results and mechanisms of action are discussed in this review, including the molecular and biological rationale of hyperthermia as radio- and chemosensitizer as established in in vitro and in vivo experiments.

New therapeutic options make it possible to implement phenotype/endotype-specific treatments, that are delineating personalized approaches precisely addressing the individual traits of asthma pathobiology, allowing to successfully target the immune-inflammatory responses underlying uncontrolled T2-high asthma.

The latest findings on genetic abnormalities, with the presentation of the molecular pathology of vascular anomalies, are summarized.

The aim of this review is to introduce the promise and limitations of emerging quantum computing technologies in the areas of computational molecular biology and bioinformatics.

Quantum computers can in principle solve certain problems exponentially more quickly than their classical counterparts. We have not yet reached the advent of useful quantum computation, but when we do, it will affect nearly all scientific disciplines. In this review, we examine how current quantum algorithms could revolutionize computational biology and bioinformatics. There are potential benefits across the entire field, from the ability to process vast amounts of information and run machine learning algorithms far more efficiently, to algorithms for quantum simulation that are poised to impr...

A comprehensive framework for understanding how the interactions between genes, proteins and metabolites contribute to the determinants of robustness in a heterogeneous biological network is proposed and found that influential genes are enriched in essential and cancer genes.

This review discloses the molecular interaction of collagen with cell receptor molecules to carry out cellular signaling in biological pathways and opens up several new concepts tocarry out next level research in collagen biomaterials.

The physical properties of CHCs are described that allow for both waterproofing and signaling functions, their roles as inter- and intraspecific chemical signals are summarized, and the influences of diet and environment on CHC profiles are discussed.

This review aims to inspire future endeavors by providing a diverse toolbox of molecular modules, engineering methodologies, and different approaches to assemble artificial vesicular systems to help engineer valuable synthetic biological systems for applications in biocatalysis, biosensing, bioremediation, or targeted drug delivery.

This Review highlights the key developments of carborane derivatives made over the last decade as new design tools in medicinal chemistry and chemical biology, showcasing the versatility of this unique family of boron compounds.

An overview of the current evidence for biological subgroups of arthritis in children is provided, forms that seem contiguous with adult-onset arthritis are delineated, and integrative genetic and bioinformatic strategies to identify discrete entities within inflammatory arthritis across all ages are considered.

The damage oxidative stress imposes on the different steps of the central dogma of molecular biology in bacteria is reviewed, focusing in particular on the RNA machines involved in transcription and translation.