Top Research Papers on Molecular Biology

The book is intended for students studying medical and biological specialties. CHAPTER I. EPIGENETICS INTRODUCTION The science of epigenetics looks at the mechanisms of molecular modifications of histones and DNA that can regulate gene activity without affecting the nucleotide sequences in the DNA molecule. Recognized epigenetic regulators are DNA methylation, post-translational modifications of histones, and non-coding RNAs (nkRNAs). One of the most important differences between eukaryotic cells and prokaryotes is the presence of a complex nucleo-protein chromatin complex in eukaryotes. It is...

Activity and safety of cabozantinib in osteosarcoma were studied, as well as sorafenib and pazopanib, and novel bifunctional molecules, of potential imaging and osteosARcoma targeting applications may be used in the future.

The analysis of the landscape of genetic lesions in HRS cells so far did not reveal any highly recurrent HRS cell-specific lesions, but major roles of Genetic lesions in members of the NF-κB and JAK/STAT pathways and of factors of immune evasion are revealed.

This article has focused on molecules that are produced by osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts and their mechanism of action on these cells and their mechanisms of action target different molecular aspects of these bone cells to minimize osteoporosis.

This review summarizes the current state of methods and results achievable by cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) imaging for molecular, cell, and structural biologists who wish to understand what is required and how it might help to address their research questions. It covers some of the main issues in sample preparation, microscopes and data collection, image processing, three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction, and validation and interpretation of the resulting EM density maps and atomic models.

This review connects insights from both clinical and molecular studies to create a comprehensive view of the underlying mechanisms that drive telomere shortening and dysfunction in patients with telomeropathies.

This review is intended to provide an overview of the current basic knowledge of the molecular biology of coronaviruses, which is important as basic knowledge for the development of coronvirus countermeasures.

Grouping these biological problems and related computational algorithms into classes across length scales, thus characterizing common issues that need to be addressed, will facilitate further progress in spatial transcriptomics and proteomics.

New therapeutic options make it possible to implement phenotype/endotype-specific treatments, that are delineating personalized approaches precisely addressing the individual traits of asthma pathobiology, allowing to successfully target the immune-inflammatory responses underlying uncontrolled T2-high asthma.

The latest findings on genetic abnormalities, with the presentation of the molecular pathology of vascular anomalies, are summarized.

A comprehensive framework for understanding how the interactions between genes, proteins and metabolites contribute to the determinants of robustness in a heterogeneous biological network is proposed and found that influential genes are enriched in essential and cancer genes.

The aim of this review is to introduce the promise and limitations of emerging quantum computing technologies in the areas of computational molecular biology and bioinformatics.

Quantum computers can in principle solve certain problems exponentially more quickly than their classical counterparts. We have not yet reached the advent of useful quantum computation, but when we do, it will affect nearly all scientific disciplines. In this review, we examine how current quantum algorithms could revolutionize computational biology and bioinformatics. There are potential benefits across the entire field, from the ability to process vast amounts of information and run machine learning algorithms far more efficiently, to algorithms for quantum simulation that are poised to impr...

Clinical results and mechanisms of action are discussed in this review, including the molecular and biological rationale of hyperthermia as radio- and chemosensitizer as established in in vitro and in vivo experiments.

This review discloses the molecular interaction of collagen with cell receptor molecules to carry out cellular signaling in biological pathways and opens up several new concepts tocarry out next level research in collagen biomaterials.

This review aims to inspire future endeavors by providing a diverse toolbox of molecular modules, engineering methodologies, and different approaches to assemble artificial vesicular systems to help engineer valuable synthetic biological systems for applications in biocatalysis, biosensing, bioremediation, or targeted drug delivery.

Diarylethene (DAE) photoswitches, known for their reversible photoinduced cyclization and cycloreversion reactions, have shown great promise in various fields such as optical data storage, optoelectronic devices, supramolecular self-assembly, anti-counterfeiting, chiral photoswitches, and photocontrolled catalysis. Recently, there has been a growing interest in utilizing DAEs as smart triggers to regulate biological events, highlighting their advantages over commonly studied azobenzene switches, including thermal irreversibility, high photoswitching efficiency, favorable cellular stability, an...

The physical properties of CHCs are described that allow for both waterproofing and signaling functions, their roles as inter- and intraspecific chemical signals are summarized, and the influences of diet and environment on CHC profiles are discussed.

The current understanding of the mechanical, electrostatic and molecular properties of the EV surface that offer significant biomarker potential and contribute to a highly dynamic interactome are described.

This Review highlights the key developments of carborane derivatives made over the last decade as new design tools in medicinal chemistry and chemical biology, showcasing the versatility of this unique family of boron compounds.