Top Research Papers on Ulcerative Colitis

An UC-IUS index was developed which showed strong correlation with endoscopic disease activity using internal validation and is currently being validated in prospective studies.

The epidemiology, the current understanding of ulcerative colitis pathophysiology and its diagnosis are described, and the current and emerging therapeutic strategies are highlighted and the most pressing questions in the field are discussed.

Ulcerative colitis is a lifelong inflammatory disease affecting the rectum and colon to a variable extent. In 2023, the prevalence of ulcerative colitis was estimated to be 5 million cases around the world, and the incidence is increasing worldwide. Ulcerative colitis is thought to occur in people with a genetic predisposition following environmental exposures; gut epithelial barrier defects, the microbiota, and a dysregulated immune response are strongly implicated. Patients usually present with bloody diarrhoea, and the diagnosis is based on a combination of clinical, biological, endoscopic,...

This JAMA Patient Page describes the condition of ulcerative colitis and its symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options.

An effective treatment for mild to moderate UC is 5-aminosalicylic acid, whereas moderate to severe UC can be treated with advanced therapies that target specific inflammation pathways, including monoclonal antibodies to tumor necrosis factor, α4β7 integrins, and IL-12 andIL-23 cytokines, as well as oral small molecule therapies targeting janus kinase or sphingosine-1-phosphate.

As the global UC incidence and prevalence continues to increase, there are multiple opportunities for continued investigation to clarify the understanding of UC, identify potential predictors of disease severity, response to therapy, and novel therapeutic targets.

Novel therapeutic approaches to UC are explored, including promising drugs in various stages of development, efforts to maximize the efficacy of currently available treatment options, and non-medication-based modalities.

Some drugs have been shown to that prevent and treat CAC effectively by targeting macrophages, which play an important role both in inflammatory response and tumor immunity.

The primary objective was to determine the efficacy of probiotics compared to placebo, no treatment, or any other intervention for the maintenance of remission in people with ulcerative colitis and the occurrence of adverse events associated with the use of Probiotics.

Probiotics did not lead to any serious adverse events in any of the seven studies that reported on it, however five adverse events were reported in the placebo arm of one study, and the certainty of the evidence was low.

A wide variety of drugs are now available for the treatment of ulcerative colitis, enabling the individualized choice of the best treatment for each patient.

A set of inflammatory proteins were highly predictive of an ulcerative colitis diagnosis, and some seemed to be upregulated already at exposure to genetic and environmental risk factors.

Mirikizumab was more effective than placebo in inducing and maintaining clinical remission in patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis.

The history of severity scoring in UC is reviewed and a concise, clinically oriented approach to assessing disease severity is provided.

The findings of such studies strongly support the argument that future targeted therapies must focus on differences in cytokine levels associated with the stages of UC as well as on the distinct cytokine expression profiles of individual patients.

The molecular mechanisms related to macrophage polarization and the interactions between signaling pathways that regulate the pathogenesis of UC are reviewed and the macrophages-based nanotherapeutic strategies in UC are summarized.

Ozanimod was more effective than placebo as induction and maintenance therapy in patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis and key secondary end points were significantly improved with ozanimod as compared with placebo in both periods.

Sutterella does not appear to induce substantial inflammation; rather, it has a capacity to degrade IgA; this activity, however, is not conserved, presenting a key target to deciphering the influence of Sutterella on the host.

The present article addresses medical treatment of acute severe ulcerative colitis and surgical management of medically refractory UC patients, including preoperative optimization, surgical strategies, and technical issues.

Novel developments in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis are focused on, which suggest a de-regulation in the normal interaction among host genetics, immunity, microbiome, and the environment.